Chalcogen Effect of Atom Substitution on the Properties of Tris(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)methyl(TTM) Radical

Luminescent open-shell organic radicals have recently been regarded as one of the most potential materials in organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs). Herein, we have synthesized two new organic radicals, namely tris{4-[4-(tert-butyl)phenoxy]-2,6- dichlorophenyl}methane radical(TTM-O) and tris(4-{[4-(tert-butyl)- phenyl]thio}-2,6-dichlorophenyl)methane radical(TTM-S), by the substitution of chalcogen atom elements at the para position of conventional tris(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)methyl(TTM) radical moiety. Interestingly, both TTM-O and TTM-S exhibited significantly enhanced photostability compared with the unsubstituted TTM radical parent. Moreover, the chalcogen atom also had a crucial impact on the photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY) of the radicals, i.e., the PLQY of TTM-S was greatly enhanced compared to TTM radical while TTM-O was nearly non-emissive. Particularly, TTM-S showed intense PLQY of 37.54% and 185-fold longer photostability than that in cyclohexane solution of TTM.     

Syntheses of octasubstituted zinc azaphthalocyanines with thiophene or thiophene combined with sulfanyl,amino or imido substituents: Influence of the substituents on photochemical and photophysical properties

Several octasubstituted zinc azaphthalocyanines (ZnAzaPcs) of the tetrapyrazinoporphyrazine type have been synthesized as potential sensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Octasubstituted complexes, with thiophen-2-yl, thiophen-3-yl or benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl peripheral groups, were synthesized and characterized. Octa(thiophen-2-yl) ZnAzaPc is a better singlet oxygen producer and has a red shifted UV absorption Q-band compared to both thiophen-3-yl and benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl substituted ZnAzaPcs. Thus, the thiophen-2-yl substituent is better suited for our purpose. Unsymmetrically substituted ZnAzaPcs were synthesized by cyclotetramerisations of pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitriles attached to one thiophen-2-yl group and one alkylsulfanyl, thiomorpholinyl or imide group. Constitutional isomers were detected by NMR spectroscopy for some of these complexes. Compared to unsubstituted ZnAzaPc, red shifted Q-bands were observed for all these complexes, due to the presence of thiophen-2-yl groups. The least promising complexes are ZnAzaPcs with thiomorpholine or imide peripheral substituents, i.e. where the peripheral substituents are attached to the macrocycle through nitrogen atoms. Low singlet oxygen quantum yields (Φ_Δ) and also low fluorescence quantum yields (Φ_F) were observed for these ZnAzaPcs. In the case of combined thiophen-2-yl and alkylsulfanyl substituents, the values of Φ_Δ were the highest and reached values of approximately 0.69.     

Influence of quantum dot's quantum yield to chemiluminescent resonance energy transfer

The resonance energy transfer between chemiluminescence donor (luminol-H₂O₂ system) and quantum dots (QDs, emission at 593 nm) acceptors (CRET) was investigated. The resonance energy transfer efficiencies were compared while the oil soluble QDs, water soluble QDs (modified with thioglycolate) and QD-HRP conjugates were used as acceptor. The fluorescence of QD can be observed in the three cases, indicating that the CRET occurs while QD acceptor in different status was used. The highest CRET efficiency (10.7%) was obtained in the case of oil soluble QDs, and the lowest CRET efficiency (2.7%) was observed in the QD-HRP conjugates case. This result is coincident with the quantum yields of the acceptors (18.3% and 0.4%). The same result was observed in another similar set of experiment, in which the amphiphilic polymer modified QDs (emission at 675 nm) were used. It suggests that the quantum yield of the QD in different status is the crucial factor to the CRET efficiency. Furthermore, the multiplexed CRET between luminol donor and three different sizes QD acceptors was observed simultaneously. This work will offer useful support for improving the CRET studies based on quantum dots.     

基于最小二乘法的GM(1,1)模型在我国猪肉产量预测中的应用研究

猪肉产量受诸多因素影响,因此数据波动性大,并且具有小样本性及贫信息等特点.本文采用基于最小二乘法的GM(1,1)模型对我国未来几年内猪肉产量进行了短期预测.首先,介绍了GM(1,1)模型;然后,通过最小二乘法的原理弱化波动较大的数据,减少随机性,加强规律性,建立基于最小二乘法的GM(1,1)模型;其次,结合2008至2014年我国猪肉产量数据建立预测模型;最后,使用2014年数据对模型的可靠性进行验证,基于最小二乘法的GM(1,1)模型的预测结果更加接近实际值.预测结果显示未来3年中国猪肉产量将持续增加.该模型为其他相关预测提供了理论依据,也便于我国对未来猪肉产品市场进行宏观调控,维持猪肉市场平衡,避免猪肉价格波动风险.     

Structure and mechanical property variations in Mg–Gd–Y–Zn–Zr alloy depending on its composition and processing conditions

An effect of alloying element content on mechanical properties and precipitate formation in Mg–RE alloys was studied for Mg–8Gd–4Y–1Zn–0.4Zr (wt%) and Mg–10Gd–5Y–1.8Zn–0.4Zr (wt%). It is shown that small variations in the alloying element concentration can be used to manipulate the alloy microstructure and precipitate formation towards eliminating the asymmetry (tension/compression) and anisotropy of yield stress.     

Spectral power distribution and quantum yields of Sm3+-doped heavy metal tellurite glass under the pumping of blue lighting emitting diode

Quantum yields for multichannel transition emissions have been determined in Sm3+-doped heavy metal tellurite glass under the pumping of blue lighting emitting diode for the first time. To achieve this goal, the necessary fluorescence spectra were measured and calibrated in an integrating sphere, which was connected to a CCD detector with a 400 microm-core optical fiber. The spectral power distribution of the sample under the blue LED pumping was derived from the measured spectra firstly, and then the quantum yields for the visible emissions of Sm3+ were calculated based on the distribution and the total quantum yields in visible region is 7.55%. For accurate measurements, integrating sphere method is proved to be a reliable and reproducible way to characterize luminescence and laser materials.     

三芳基-2-吡唑啉化合物分子内光诱导电荷转移过程的研究

本工作对带有不同取代基的1,3,5-三芳基-2-吡唑啉类化合物的稳态光物理行为进行了研究,从它们在不同极性溶剂中的吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱以及荧光量子效率的结果表明,这类化合物分子内共轭的及非共轭的光诱导电荷转移的趋向取决于上述两过程间的竞争。     

螺旋藻藻胆蛋白的荧光寿命、量子产率及其光谱学特性

具有不同聚集态的藻胆蛋白有着不同的摩尔消光系数。这些聚集态决定了引起各藻胆蛋白之间光谱特性差别的藻蓝胆素发色团的构象。研究结果表明,在高聚态的C-藻蓝蛋白和变藻蓝蛋白中,由蛋白质——发色团之间相互作用调制的发色团的构象,对太阳能的吸收和激发能转移到光合反应中心的过程可能有重要作用。     

1,3,5-三芳基-2-吡唑啉化合物光物理行为的研究

合成了一组带不同取代基的三芳基吡唑啉化合物,对它们在不同极性溶剂中的光物理行为(如荧光量子产率,荧光寿命等)进行了测定指出:这类化合物在光的激发下除存在有分子内共轭条件下的电荷转移行为外,还存在着分子内非共轭条件下的电子转移,本工作还以三芳基吡唑啉化合物为猝灭剂对氧鎓盐的荧光猝灭能力进行了研究,并对所得结果作了讨论。