Cr,Ag共掺杂ZnS纳米材料的制备及其对活性染料的吸附性能

通过水热法制备了纤锌矿ZnS∶Cr,Ag共掺杂纳米材料,考察了不同反应时间以及不同Cr和Ag掺杂比例对ZnS纳米材料光学性能的影响。分别采用荧光分光光度计、红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对Cr和Ag共掺杂ZnS纳米材料的光学性能和结构等进行了表征,探讨了ZnS∶Cr, Ag共掺杂纳米材料分别对甲基紫(MV)、丁基罗丹明B(BRB),四氯四溴荧光素(TCTBF)以及曙红B(EB)四种活性染料的吸附性能。结果表明,Cr3+和Ag+取代和嵌入到了Zn2+的位置,掺入到了ZnS的晶格中。由光学表征和扫描电镜(SEM)发现,掺杂后ZnS纳米材料的光学性能和形貌发生了改变。掺入Cr和Ag后,使得Zn纳米材料的荧光强度降低,且其形貌较规则,表面蓬松,呈绒球形状。当反应时间为12 h,Cr和Ag掺杂比例分别为1%时,掺杂ZnS纳米材料的形貌和光学性能最佳。运用N₂等温吸脱附分析技术计算了Cr和Ag共掺杂ZnS材料的比表面积和孔径分布,将其用于对MV,BRB,TCTBF以及EB四种活性染料的吸附研究,并分别从吸附时间、温度、pH值等因素考察了掺杂ZnS对几种活性染料吸附性能的影响,得出了Cr和Ag共掺杂ZnS材料在pH 7,室温下,分别经9,11,9和9 h吸附时间后对四种活性染料的吸附效果达到最佳。     

Facile Construction of 3D Reduced Graphene Oxide Wrapped Ni3S2 Nanoparticles on Ni Foam for High‐Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitor Electrodes

3D reduced graphene oxide (rGO)‐wrapped Ni₃S₂ nanoparticles on Ni foam with porous structure is successfully synthesized via a facile one‐step solvothermal method. This unique structure and the positive synergistic effect between Ni₃S₂ nanoparticles and graphene can greatly improve the electrochemical performance of the NF@rGO/Ni₃S₂ composite. Detailed electrochemical measurements show that the NF@rGO/Ni₃S₂ composite exhibits excellent supercapacitor performance with a high specific capacitance of 4048 mF cm^?2 (816.8 F g^?1) at a current density of 5 mA cm^?2 (0.98 A g^?1), as well as long cycling ability (93.8% capacitance retention after 6000 cycles at a current density of 25 mA cm^?2). A novel aqueous asymmetric supercapacitor is designed using the NF@rGO/Ni₃S₂ composite as positive electrode and nitrogen‐doped graphene as negative electrode. The assembled device displays an energy density of 32.6 W h kg^?1 at a power density of 399.8 W kg^?1, and maintains 16.7 W h kg^?1 at 8000.2 W kg^?1. This outstanding performance promotes the as‐prepared NF@rGO/Ni₃S₂ composite to be ideal electrode materials for supercapacitors.     

一种主动浮标阵的定位解算方法仿真分析

在研究单枚主动定向浮标定位原理的基础上,推导出一种利用最小二乘法解算多枚浮标的定位结果的方法,并针对圆阵就阵元个数、圆阵半径以及测距误差对该解算方法的性能影响进行了数值仿真分析。仿真结果表明,该算法在测向均方误差较大或者目标在距离圆内的情况下,性能远优于单枚主动定向浮标;圆阵半径2 km左右,阵元个数在6左右时,该解算方法的性能达到最佳。此外,该解算算法很容易被扩展至三维定位问题,因此有一定的理论和应用价值。     

Study on parameters influencing analytical performance of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Lens-to-sample distances, delay time, atmospheric condition, laser pulse energy, etc. had obvious effects on the analytical performance of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. In this paper, these parameters are investigated in greater detail and we will explain how they have influences on the analytical performance. The results show that the focal plane under the sample surface can improve precision and detection limit, and the delay time should be decided according to sensitivity and accuracy. Spectral line intensity is stronger in argon than helium, nitrogen and air gas environment. Pulse energy should exceed energy threshold (about 50 mJ) which can generate plasma, and the energy should not exceed about 300 mJ to avoid plasma shielding. Under optimum parameters, concentration relative standard deviation of C, Si, Mn, P, S, Ni, and Cr for low-alloyed steel (sample number 11278) which were measured 11 times is 2.37%, 2.18%, 2.23%, 7.8%, 9.34%, 1.92%, and 2.13%, respectively. And the detection limit of C, Si, Mn, P, S, Ni, and Cr for pure steel is 0.0045%, 0.0072%, 0.0069%, 0.0027%, 0.0024%, 0.0047%, and 0.0024%, respectively.     

Preparations for the study on the cluster structure of 16C

In order to look for a proposed cluster structure of 16C, simulation work was made. The simulation of the reaction dynamics give the resolution of the excitation energy on 16C which was reconstructed prior to breakup. The excitation energy resolution is typically ～200 keV at 2 MeV above the two body decay threshold for 16C→12Be+4He. Moreover,some performances of detectors tested using 241 Am α source are also reported.     

激光驾束观瞄制导仪参数检测系统

为使激光驾束观瞄制导仪各项性能参数能够在室内完成全面检测,提出了一种参数检测系统的设计方案。对参数检测系统的各组成部分分别进行了论述。该系统可检测固定焦距的激光通道与瞄准通道两轴线平行度、典型位置的输出特性、全程变焦过程中激光轴相对于瞄准轴的最大失调量,并可运用CCD图像处理技术检测激光信息场辐照度的均匀性等,具有结构简单,操作方便、检测精度高等优点。模拟试验表明,该设计方案能够满足工程中实际检测的要求。     

Determination of Non-metals by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Inductively Coupled Plasma Detection

Abstract

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has often been employed in the separation and speciation of metal containing compounds. One of the most sensitive devices used for detecting those compounds after the separation is the inductively coupled plasma (ICP). The similar flow rates for these two techniques render the coupling of the devices trivial, usually involving only a short length of capillary tubing. Upon entering the plasma, species are typically determined either via atomic emission spectrometry or mass spectrometry. HPLC-ICP devices have been employed less frequently for the determination of non-metals. This review will describe the applications of HPLC-ICP techniques to the determination of compounds containing carbon, sulfur, phosphorus, and the halogens. The instrumentation used for each application will be described, and the performance of the systems will be summarized.     

Structure and detonation performance of a novel HMX/LLM‐105 cocrystal explosive

Intermolecular interactions and properties of octahydro‐1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐ tetrazocine (HMX) / 2,6‐diamino‐3,5‐dinitropyrazine‐1‐oxide (LLM‐105) cocrystal were studied by using the dispersion‐corrected density functionals (ωB97XD, B97D) and meta‐hybrid functional (M062x) methods. Binding energies, heats of formation, thermodynamic properties, atoms in molecules, and natural bond orbital analysis were performed to investigate HMX/LLM‐105 complexes. Results show that the main intermolecular interactions between HMX and LLM‐105 are CH…O, NH…O, N…O, and O…O interactions. In addition, Monte Carlo simulation was employed to predict the crystal structure of HMX/LLM‐105 cocrystal. The HMX/LLM‐105 cocrystal is most likely to crystallize in C2/c space group, and its corresponding cell parameters are Z = 8, a = 41.63 Å, b = 6.77 Å, c = 45.63 Å, ß = 164.55°, and ρ = 1.99 g/cm³. Detonation velocity and pressure of HMX/LLM‐105 cocrystal are 8.95 km/s, 37.69GPa, a little lower than those of HMX (9.10 km/s, 37.76GPa). However, according to the net charges of nitro group, HMX/LLM‐105 cocrystal exhibits less sensitive than HMX. Finally, bond dissociation energy calculation shows that HMX/LLM‐105 complexes are thermally stable. Considering thermal stability, sensitivity, and detonation performance, HMX/LLM‐105 cocrystal meets the requirements of insensitive high energy density materials. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Cooperation within the Small Cell: The indoor,correlated shadowing case

The deployment of Small Cells in fourth generation (4G) communication systems is aimed at providing significant capacity improvements and higher availabilities. However, the design of Small Cell systems in indoor environments is especially challenging due to high shadowing attenuation induced by clutter and human blockage. This paper studies node cooperation and multiple relaying and proposes novel analytical formulas for the outage probability of cooperative Small Cells suffering from shadowing. The channel fading gains are modeled as correlated lognormal random variables, in order to reflect the properties of indoor propagation environments. Various cooperative strategies are considered, taking into account the use of one or two relays and different receiver combining techniques. In addition, the relative performance of each cooperative configuration and the benefit of cooperation over non-cooperation are investigated. Finally, interesting and useful insights are produced regarding the impact of the correlated lognormal environment parameters on the configuration of cooperative Small Cells.     

基于Gm-APD的成像激光雷达目标探测特性

针对采用盖革模式雪崩光电二极管（Gm-APD）作为探测器的成像激光雷达,介绍了其测距原理及3D成像原理,并对如何提高其探测性能的方法进行了分析。以分析Gm-APD触发信号的统计特性为基础,对出现在距离门内不同位置目标的探测概率和虚警概率进行了研究与仿真,结果表明,目标处在距离门最前面时,探测概率受噪声水平影响最小,虚警概率受信号强度影响最大;目标靠近距离门中间位置时,探测概率随噪声水平增大下降缓慢,虚警概率随信号强度增大下降缓慢;目标处在距离门末尾时探测概率受噪声水平影响最大,而虚警概率几乎与回波信号强度无关。