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71.
利用磁控溅射的方法在氧化后的单晶Si基片上制备了TiNi形状记忆合金薄膜,利用示差扫描量热法和原位X射线衍射研究了薄膜的马氏体相变特征。通过60keV质子注入(辐照)薄膜样品研究了H+离子对合金薄膜马氏体相变特征的影响,结果表明氢离子注入后引起了马氏体相变开始Ms和结束点Mf以及逆马氏体相变开始As和结束温度Af的下降,而对R相变开始Rs和结束温度Rf影响不大。掠入射X射线衍射表明H+离子注入后有氢化物形成。H+离子注入形成的氢化物是引起相变点的变化的主要因素。 相似文献
72.
73.
The purpose of this paper is to review the mechanisms and available theoretical methods for modeling the strength and failure of thin film/substrate systems 相似文献
74.
Ahmed Jalal Uddin Yutaka Ohkoshi Yasuo Gotoh Masanobu Nagura Tetsuya Hara 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2003,41(22):2878-2891
The effect of moisture on the mechanical relaxation processes of semiaromatic semicrystalline polyamides synthesized by a long‐chain aliphatic diamine and terephthalic acid was investigated by dynamic viscoelastic analysis (DVA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Moreover, the implication of moisture with the amorphous and crystalline domains was also examined by temperature‐dependent wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectra. The characteristics of the relaxations such as α, β, γ, and the pronounced peak shoulder appeared at 25–100 °C in DVA tan δ curves were found to be strongly susceptible to the presence of moisture. With moisture evaporation, the peak shoulder of 25–100 °C and the β‐relaxation disappeared. The former is anticipated to originate from to the side group motion of hydrogen‐bonded water, whereas the later one is from the motions of the amide–water complex units. With the disappearance of the β‐relaxation, the γ‐relaxation appeared simultaneously in much lower temperatures and ultimately coupled with the δ‐relaxation. The γ‐relaxation is attributed to be associated with the molecular motion of the amide group and δ‐relaxation with for the motion of the methylene units. The existence of two types of water was identified in the polymer, namely, tightly bound and loosely bound. The tightly bound water is believed to be directly connected by hydrogen bonding with the strong polar groups and the loosely bound water weakly links with those connected water making hydrogen bridges. The moisture acts as a plasticizer in the polymer matrix, which causes quite a large depression in its glass transition temperature (Tg). WAXD and FTIR studies corroborated the existence of water solely in amorphous regions, i.e., no rapport of water with the crystalline parts. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 2878–2891, 2003 相似文献
75.
76.
The frequency or dispersion relation for the least‐squares mixed formulation of the shallow‐water equations is analysed. We consider the use of different approximation spaces corresponding to co‐located and staggered meshes, respectively. The study includes the effect of Coriolis, and the dispersion properties are compared analytically and graphically with those of the mixed Galerkin formulation. Numerical solutions of a test problem to simulate slow Rossby modes illustrate the theoretical results. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
77.
In this paper we describe the experimental analysis of a novel ion-exchange polymer metal composite (IPMC) actuator under
large external voltage. The experimental analysis is supplemented with a coupled thermodynamic model, which includes mass
transport across the thickness of the polymer actuator, chemical reactions at boundaries, and deformation as a function of
the solvent (water) distribution. In this paper, the case of large electrode potentials (over 1.2 V) has been analyzed experimentally
and theoretically. At these voltage levels, electrochemical reactions take place at both electrodes. These are used in the
framework of overpotential theory to develop boundary conditions for the water transport in the bulk of polymer. The model
is then simplified to a three-component system comprised of a fixed negatively charged polymeric matrix, protons, and free
water molecules within the polymer matrix. Among these species, water molecules are considered to be the dominant species
responsible for the deformation of the IPMC actuators. Experiments conducted at different initial water contents are described
and discussed in the context of the proposed deformation mechanism. Comparison of numerical simulations with experimental
data shows good agreement. 相似文献
78.
软x射线近贴显微技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
软x射线近贴显微技术不但可使活的生物样品成象,分辨率高于光学显微镜,而且人为的样品准备程序在该技术中都可避免。本文描述了用高功率激光打靶产生的等离子体作为软x射线源而进行的近贴显微研究,并得到了分辨率好于1μm的结果。 相似文献
79.
酞菁钴薄膜的折射率及吸收特性 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
通过真空镀法在单晶硅片上制备了酞菁钴薄膜,在波长扫描和入射角可变全自动椭圆偏振光谱仪上研究了CoPc薄膜的椭偏光谱并分析了其电子结构。 相似文献
80.
K. M. A. Salam Hidekazu Konishi Masahiro Mizuno Hisashi Fukuda Shigeru Nomura 《Applied Surface Science》2002,190(1-4):88-95
Polycrystalline (1−x)Ta2O5−xTiO2 thin films were formed on Si by metalorganic decomposition (MOD) and annealed at various temperatures. As-deposited films were in the amorphous state and were completely transformed to crystalline after annealing above 600 °C. During crystallization, a thin interfacial SiO2 layer was formed at the (1−x)Ta2O5−xTiO2/Si interface. Thin films with 0.92Ta2O5–0.08TiO2 composition exhibited superior insulating properties. The measured dielectric constant and dissipation factor at 1 MHz were 9 and 0.015, respectively, for films annealed at 900 °C. The interface trap density was 2.5×1011 cm−2 eV−1, and flatband voltage was −0.38 V. A charge storage density of 22.8 fC/μm2 was obtained at an applied electric field of 3 MV/cm. The leakage current density was lower than 4×10−9 A/cm2 up to an applied electric field of 6 MV/cm. 相似文献