溃坝问题的间断有限元方法

本文研究90年代初提出的Runge-Kutta间断Galerkin有限元方法，给出该方法的精度分析，通过经典算例验证该方法处理间断问题、捕捉锐利波形的能力，并将其推广到求解浅水问题．针对坝底无摩擦，无坡度的理想情形进行讨论，给出方溃坝和圆溃坝问题的数值模拟结果．     

Internal standardization for the determination of cadmium,cobalt, chromium and manganese in saline produced water from petroleum industry by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry after cloud point extraction

In the present paper a procedure is proposed for the determination of traces of Cd, Co, Mn and Cr in petroleum industry produced water by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The procedure is based on cloud point extraction of these metals, as their dithizonate complexes, into the surfactant-rich phase of octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol surfactant (Triton X-114). Extractions were carried out in solutions with salinities between 10‰ and 70‰. Since residual salinity in the surfactant-rich phase caused differences in its transport to the plasma, yttrium was used as an internal standard to correct for this effect. The simultaneous metal extraction procedure was optimized by response surface methodology using a Doehlert design and desirability function. Enhancement factors of 21, 21, 9 and 19, along with limits of quantification of 0.093, 0.20, 0.73 and 1.2 μg L^− 1, and precision expressed as relative standard deviation (n = 8, 20.0 μg L^− 1) of 5.8, 1.2, 1.7 and 5.7% were obtained for Cd, Co, Mn and Cr, respectively. The accuracy was evaluated by spike recovery tests on the high salinity water samples with salinity of 40 and 63‰.     

Infinite propagation speed of the Camassa-Holm equation

We use the inverse scattering transform to show that a solution of the Camassa-Holm equation is identically zero whenever it vanishes on two horizontal half-lines in the x-t space. In particular, a solution that has compact support at two different times vanishes everywhere, proving that the Camassa-Holm equation has infinite propagation speed.     

萃取色谱法富集原子吸收法测定环境水中超痕量金属元素──两种萃取剂的比较

本文研究并比较了分别以８－羟基喹啉和巯基苯骈噻唑为萃取剂，以活性硅胶为载体的柱式萃取色谱法对环境水中Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ和Ｍｎ的最佳富集和洗脱条件。实验证明，后者明显优于前者。以巯基苯骈噻唑为萃取剂的色谱柱对金属元素的吸附具有快速、完全、寿命长和重现性好等特点。在ｐＨ＝７～８之间回收率可达９８％以上，富集倍数为２００倍。     

关于“信息熵”分析及其应用的研究

本文用Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ熵函数的观点及最大离散熵原理，探讨了对随机试验项目的优选问题：即压缩某种“不确定性”试验项目的实施与探索．并通过应用实例的计算，获得了满意的聚类效果．这种方法对于信息资料的数据处理及压缩“不确定性“验项目具有普遍意义．     

三角帆蚌对水体Cr,Pb和Cd的净化与吸收

三角帆蚌（Hyriopsis cumingii Lea）对水体Cr,Pb,Cd污染有明显的净化能力，持续处理12d，能使水体Cr,Pb,Cd含量分别下降83％，77．6％和72％。蚌体的斧足、鳃、外磁膜、体表粘液、肝脏、肠道和生殖腺等组织对3种污染物的吸收和富集作用不尽相同，其中分别以体表粘液、鳃和肝脏最为显著。3种污染物进入蚌体的速度很快，其组织吸收量一般在第3天即可达到较高水平。进入蚌体的污染物，可在组织转移和重新分布。研究结果为生物治理Cr,Pb,Cd等重金属污染积累了资料。     

石墨-六角氮化硼微晶混合物与水高压反应产物分析

 利用球磨法制备石墨-六角氮化硼微晶混合物，并在6.1 GPa、800~1 500 ℃条件下与水进行高压反应，以便研究用水作触媒合成B-C-N三元化合物的可能性。通过对反应产物的XRD、XPS谱分析发现：高压下随着温度的升高，反应产物中出现再结晶石墨，其晶化程度逐渐提高；但没有出现再结晶六角氮化硼，也未出现立方氮化硼。在球磨不充分条件下，石墨-六角氮化硼混合物的XRD谱没有完全弥散，它们与水高压反应时，能观察到石墨与立方氮化硼分别结晶的现象，但都没有形成B-C-N晶化结构。     

几种旱生植物水分生理特性的比较研究

本文对梭梭(Halorylon ammodendron)等几种典型荒漠旱生植物在干旱环境下体内含水量、相对合水量、水分饱和亏缺、自由水、束缚水、水势、离体枝叶吸水速率等的变化及其与植物抗旱的关系进行了比较研究。