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821.
This paper deals with the iterative solution of stage equations which arise when some fully implicit Runge-Kutta methods,
in particular those based on Gauss, Radau and Lobatto points, are applied to stiff ordinary differential equations. The error
behaviour in the iterates generated by Newton-type and, particularly, by single-Newton schemes which are proposed for the
solution of stage equations is studied. We consider stiff systems y'(t) = f(t,y(t)) which are dissipative with respect to
a scalar product and satisfy a condition on the relative variation of the Jacobian of f(t,y) with respect to y, similar to
the condition considered by van Dorsselaer and Spijker in [7] and [17]. We prove new convergence results for the single-Newton
iteration and derive estimates of the iteration error that are independent of the stiffness. Finally, some numerical experiments
which confirm the theoretical results are presented.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
822.
In this paper we construct elliptic boundary value problems whose standard finite element approximations converge arbitrarily slowly in the energy norm, and show that adaptive procedures cannot improve this slow convergence. We also show that the -norm and the nodal point errors converge arbitrarily slowly. With the -norm two cases need to be distinguished, and the usual duality principle does not characterize the error completely. The constructed elliptic problems are one dimensional.
823.
The leakage of aqueous contents of neutral (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol) liposomes as induced by Rz1, a proline-rich lipoprotein, the bacteriophage Rz1 gene product, was studied. Fluorescence enhancement assay with Tb3+/dipicolinic acid and self-quenching assays with carboxyfluorescein and fluorescein isothiocyanaten-dextran were used to monitor the Rz1-induced leakage from neutral liposomes. The results demonstrated that Rz1 caused local membrane destabilization leading to the leakage of the liposome contents. The extent of the leakage was independent of the molecular mass of the liposome-entrapped solutes in the range of 376–4000 Da. The kinetics of Rz1-liposome leakage was very similar to that obtained with detergent Triton X-100 for all the solutes used. The results suggested that Rz1 can act as a detergent; i.e., by interacting with lipids on both sides of the liposome membranes (inducing perturbation in the lipid packing within the bilayer), it facilitates the transfer of encapsulated molecules into the external liposome environment. The importance of this result for Rz1 physiological function is discussed. 相似文献
824.
825.
M. Janda V. Martišovitš M. Morvová Z. Machala K. Hensel 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2007,45(2):309-315
Motivated by experimental investigations of electrical discharges in N2/CO2/H2O, Monte Carlo (MC) electron dynamics simulations in atmospheric
N2/CO2 mixtures were performed. The goal was to obtain electron energy distribution functions (EEDFs), mean free path, drift velocity,
collision frequency and mean energy of electrons,
rate coefficients of electron-impact reactions, ionisation and attachment coefficients, as functions of the reduced electric
field strength (E/N) and of the concentration of individual gas components. The results obtained by MC simulations were fitted
with polynomials of up to the 3rd order with reasonable accuracy for E/N above 80 Td.
The studied parameters below 80 Td were strongly non-linear as functions of E/N. This is mostly due to the influence of elastic
collisions of electrons with CO2 molecules prevailing in CO2-dominant mixtures for E/N < 40 Td, and vibrational excitation collisions of N2 species prevailing in N2-dominant mixtures for E/N from 40 to 80 Td. The effect of these electron-impact processes was specific for each of the studied
parameters. 相似文献
826.
B. Pedrini S. Wessel J. L. Gavilano H. R. Ott S. M. Kazakov J. Karpinski 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2007,55(3):219-228
We report results of susceptibility χ and 7Li NMR measurements on LiVSi2O6. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility χ(T) exhibits a broad maximum, typical for low-dimensional magnetic
systems. Quantitatively it is in agreement with the expectation for an S=1 spin chain, represented by the structural arrangement
of V ions.
The NMR results indicate antiferromagnetic ordering below TN=24 K. The intra- and interchain coupling J and Jp for LiVSi2O6, and also for its sister compounds LiVGe2O6, NaVSi2O6 and NaVGe2O6, are obtained via a modified random phase approximation which takes into account results of quantum Monte Carlo calculations.
While Jp is almost constant across the series, J varies by a factor of 5, decreasing with increasing lattice constant along the chain
direction. The comparison between experimental and theoretical susceptibility data suggests the presence of an easy-axis magnetic
anisotropy, which explains the formation of an energy gap in the magnetic excitation spectrum below TN, indicated by the variation of the NMR spin-lattice relaxation rate at T≪TN. 相似文献
827.
F. Michelot M. Rey 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2007,44(3):467-495
Effective vibronic Hamiltonian models are built for E ⊗e Jahn-Teller systems and analytical solutions are
obtained through Lie algebraic methods. Although approximate, we show that these models allow in particular to recover the
possible ground state crossover when quadratic couplings are present. The equivalence of E ⊗e and G' ⊗e
vibronic systems in cubic symmetry is precisely established through a particular realization of the electronic operators for
an
orbital quadruplet. We show how this equivalence is broken by a rovibronic interaction which, for a G' ⊗e system, still
gives an exactly solvable model. 相似文献
828.
B. Krippa 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2007,31(4):734-738
The application of the exact renormalisation group to symmetric as well as asymmetric many-fermion systems with a short-range
attractive force is studied. Assuming an ansatz for the effective action with effective bosons, describing pairing effects,
a set of approximate flow equations for the effective coupling including boson and fermionic fluctuations has been derived.
The phase transition to a phase with broken symmetry is found at a critical value of the running scale. The mean-field results
are recovered if boson-loop effects are omitted. The calculations with two different forms of the regulator are shown to lead
to similar results. We find that, being quite small in the case of the symmetric many-fermion system the corrections to mean-field
approximation become more important with increasing mass asymmetry. 相似文献
829.
C. Giusti F. D. Pacati M. Schwamb S. Boffi 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2007,33(1):29-38
Results for the cross-sections of the exclusive 16O(e, e'pn)14N and 16O(γ, pn)14N knockout reactions are presented and discussed in different kinematics. In comparison with earlier work, a complete treatment
of the center-of-mass (CM) effects in the nuclear one-body current is considered in connection with the problem of the lack
of orthogonality between initial bound and final scattering states. The effects due to CM and orthogonalization are investigated
in combination with different treatments of correlations in the two-nucleon overlap function and for different parametrizations
of the two-body currents. The CM effects lead in super-parallel kinematics to a dramatic increase of the 16O(e, e'pn) cross-section to the 12
+ excited state (3.95MeV) of 14N . In all the situations considered the results are very sensitive to the treatment of correlations. A crucial role is played
by tensor correlations, but also the contribution of long-range correlations is important. 相似文献
830.
E. Kasabova D. Alamanova M. Springborg V. G. Grigoryan 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2007,45(3):425-431
The soft deposition of Ni13 and Cu13 clusters on Ni(111) and Cu(111) surfaces is studied by
means of constant-energy molecular-dynamics simulations.
The atomic interactions are described by the Embedded Atom Method.
It is shown that the shape of the nickel clusters deposited on Cu(111) surfaces remains rather intact,
while the copper clusters impacting on Ni(111) surfaces collapse forming double and triple layered
products. Furthermore, it is found that for an impact energy of 0.5 eV/atom the structures of all
investigated clusters show the lowest similarity to the original structures, except for the case of
nickel clusters deposited on a Cu(111) surface. Finally, it is demonstrated that when cluster and
substrate are of different materials, it is possible to control whether the deposition results in
largely intact clusters on the substrate or in a spreading of the clusters. This separation into
hard and soft clusters can be related to the relative cohesive energy of the crystalline materials. 相似文献