Photocatalytic Activity for Water Decomposition to Hydrogen over Nitrogen‐doped TiO2 Nanoparticle

Nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanoparticle photocatalysts were obtained by an annealing method with gaseous ammonia and nitrogen. The influence of dopant N on the crystal structure was characterized by XRD, XPS, BET, TEM and UV-Vis spectra. The results of XRD indicate that, the crystal phase transforms from anatase to rutile structure gradually with increase of annealing temperature from 300 to 700 ℃. XPS studies indicate that the nitrogen atom enters the TiO2 lattice and occupies the position of oxygen atom. Agglomeration of particles is found in TEM images after annealing. BET results show that the specific surface areas of N-doped samples from 44.61 to 38.27 m2/g are smaller than that of Degussa TiO2. UV-Vis spectra indicate that the absorption threshold shifts gradually with increase of annealing temperature, which shows absorption in the visible region. The influence of annealing condition on the photocatalytic property has been researched over water decomposition to hydrogen, indicating that nitrogen raises the photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution, and the modified TiO2 annealed for 2 h at 400 ℃ under gas of NH3/N2 (V/V＝1/2) mixture shows better efficiency of hydrogen evolution. Furthermore, the N-doped TiO2 nanoparticle catalysts have obvious visible light activity, evidenced by hydrogen evolution under visible light (λ＞400 nm) irradiation. However, the catalytic activity under visible light irradiation is absent for Degussa as reference and the N-doped TiO2 annealed at 700 ℃.     

C-N-S-TiO2光催化剂的制备、表征及其性能

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源、功能生物小分子胱氨酸为掺杂剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法同步合成了C-N-S-TiO2光催化剂,利用XRD、XPS、FT-IR和DRS等测试技术对样品的结构及物化性能进行了表征。XRD和DRS分析表明,共掺杂抑制了TiO2晶粒的生长,提高了晶相转变温度,且C-N-S-TiO2样品的吸收带边明显"红移",光吸收范围一直延长至800 nm左右。XPS分析结果显示,C-N-S-TiO2样品表面产生了杂质能级,C、S元素分别取代部分晶格Ti4+以CO23-和S6+形式存在;而N峰呈宽化状态,以O—Ti—N和Ti—O—N键存在,且样品表面羟基含量明显增加。以罗丹明B染料为模型污染物,考察了该催化剂的可见光催化活性。结果表明,与P25 TiO2比较,C-N-S-TiO2光催化剂活性得到改进,C-N-S-TiO2光催化剂在470～800 nm波长下辐射120 min后对罗丹明B的降解率可高达83%。     

CdS/TiO_2纳米管可见光催化剂的制备、表征及光催化活性

以纳米颗粒TiO2(P25)为原料,采用水热合成法制备了具有锐钛矿晶型的TiO2纳米管(TNTs),考察了水热反应温度和焙烧温度对TNTs形貌和结构的影响.以具有双官能团结构的有机分子2-巯基丙酸为偶联剂,采用原位合成和在线组装的方法将CdS量子点(QDs)负载于TNTs上,制得了CdS/TNTs可见光催化剂,研究了2-巯基丙酸浓度对CdS负载量和CdS/TNTs光催化活性的影响.结果表明,在水热温度为150oC,焙烧温度为400oC的条件下,可制得管径为8～10nm,管壁为2～3nm,管长为数百纳米的锐钛矿型TNTs.经CdSQDs修饰后,TNTs的吸收阈值拓展至580nm,在模拟可见光照射下,CdS/TNTs表现出优异的光催化降解罗丹明B性能.     

LED照射光催化剂用于苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯分解(英文)

Studies on the use of gas phase applications of light emitting diodes(LEDs) in photocatalysis are scarce although their photocatalytic decomposition kinetics of environmental pollutants are likely different from those in aqueous solutions.The present study evaluated the use of chips of visible light LEDs to irradiate nitrogen doped titania(N-TiO2) prepared by hydrolysis to decompose gaseous benzene,toluene,ethyl benzene,m-xylene,p-xylene,and o-xylene.Photocatalysts calcined at different temperatures were characterized by various analytical instruments.The degradation efficiency of benzene was close to zero for all conditions.For the other compounds,a conventional 8 W daylight lamp/N-TiO2 unit gave a higher photocatalytic degradation efficiency as compared with that of visible-LED/N-TiO2 units.However,the ratios of degradation efficiency to electric power consumption were higher for the photocatalytic units that used two types of visible-LED lamps(blue and white LEDs).The highest degradation efficiency was observed with the use of a calcination temperature of 350 oC.The average degradation efficiencies for toluene,ethyl benzene,m-xylene,p-xylene,and o-xylene were 35%,68%,94%,and 93%,respectively.The use of blue-and white-LEDs,high light intensity,and low initial concentrations gave high photocatalytic activities for the photocatalytic units using visible-LEDs.The morphological and optical properties of the photocatalysts were correlated to explain the dependence of photocatalytic activity on calcination temperature.The results suggest that visible-LEDs are energy efficient light source for photocatalytic gas phase applications,but the activity depends on the operational conditions.     

介孔磁性光催化剂的制备及其催化降解硝基苯

 以 NiFe2O4 为磁核、SiO2 为中间层、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为结构导向剂制备了具有介孔结构的TiO2/SiO2/NiFe2O4 光催化剂, 并采用 X 射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、N2 吸附-脱附和振动样品磁场计等手段对其进行了表征. 以 H2O2 为氧化剂, 在紫外光照射下, 考察了TiO2/SiO2/NiFe2O4 光催化降解硝基苯溶液的活性. 结果表明, TiO2/SiO2/NiFe2O4 催化剂具有明显的核-壳结构, 平均粒径约为 50 nm, 分布均匀, 表现出超顺磁性, 样品的孔径主要分布在 1-5 nm 间, 比表面积为 56 m2/g. 催化剂作用 150 min 内硝基苯完全降解, 表明该光催化剂性质良好, 并采用色谱-质谱联用技术研究了硝基苯光降解反应的途径.     

多壁碳纳米管修饰的CdS/TiO2复合光催化材料的制备及其光解水制氢特性

以P25 TiO₂(德国Degussa化学公司)粉末为原料采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了含有不同CdS质量分数的复合光催化剂,利用多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)对CdS/TiO₂进行修饰,制备了一系列不同CdS含量的MWCNTs/CdS/TiO₂光催化材料。对所得的光催化剂进行了扫描电镜、低温氮吸附-脱附及光解水制氢活性的表征。研究了MWCNTs对CdS/TiO₂催化剂体系光解水制氢活性的影响。结果表明,MWCNTs的引入均使得光解水产氢量(14.0 μmol)增加,与未加入MWCNTs的复合光化剂产氢量(11.6 μmol)相比,平均产氢率增加了18%,最高可达21%。     

设计p-n同质结构实现碳氮光催化剂的全解水性能

非金属氮化碳(CN)因其独特的光催化性能而备受关注.本文利用水热处理、高温烧结、高能球磨和烧结的方法成功制得一种具有混合结构的CN光催化剂.先以三聚氰胺为原料进行水热处理(180 ℃,24 h),过滤干燥后,转移到高纯氩气保护下的管式炉中,于550 ℃处理1 h得到CN材料.然后将CN用三聚氰胺和氟化铵水热180 ℃处...     

CuFe2O4 nanomaterials: Current discoveries in synthesis,catalytic efficiency in coupling reactions,and their environmental applications

In the last few decades, there has been enormous growth in ferrite nanoparticles. Magnetic, optical, and electrical properties of ferrites gain consideration due to their use in various applications such as rechargeable lithium batteries, medical diagnostics, solar energy devices, and so forth. A vast increase in interest in ferrite nanoparticles has led them to be used as catalysts in various applications as they possess a large surface area-to-volume ratio. Furthermore, iron-based magnetic characteristics make it simple to retrieve catalysts by using an external magnet. Iron's catalytic potential, however, is far less than copper's. Therefore, the catalytic scope is substantially increased by substituting copper within the crystal lattice. Recently copper ferrite nanoparticles have caught the interest of numerous researchers due to low-cost magnetic material, stability under diverse conditions, and ease at which catalyst can be retrieved using an external magnetic field and utilized repeatedly. This review of data from year 2010 through 2022 emphasizes the synthesis method, structure, application in dyes degradation, catalytic potential in the number of coupling reactions, recyclability, and reusability of the magnetic catalyst.     

Constructing recyclable photocatalytic BiOBr/Ag nanowires/cotton fabric for efficient dye degradation under visible light

In this study, a highly-efficient photocatalytic and recyclable BiOBr/Ag nanowires (AgNW)/cotton fabric (CF) composite was fabricated by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) for rapid treatment of dye wastewater. The integration of AgNW and BiOBr aims to establish a channel for faster and easier charge transfer to enhance the photocatalytic performance. The chemical structure and morphology of BiOBr/AgNW/CF, as well as its photo-degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light radiation were explored. Results reveal that BiOBr/AgNW/CF exhibits remarkably enhanced photocatalytic activity over BiOBr/CF, which degrades 97 % of RhB within 90 min. BiOBr/AgNW/CF still maintains 88 % of photocatalytic degradation capacity after five reusing cycles due to the effective encapsulation of BiOBr that protects AgNW from oxidation. Photoluminescence, electron spin resonance, and free radical trapping experiments confirm that the separation efficiency of photo-generated electron-hole pairs plays an important role in improving photocatalytic performance. In all, this work exhibits great potential in the development of textile-based photocatalytic materials that integrates two significant merits, the high degradation efficiency and easy recovery.     

过渡金属铬调控光催化环化反应研究进展

如何运用更加经济、环境友好的方式制备具有生物/药理活性的化合物是有机合成、生物医药领域的重要问题.近年来发展的过渡金属催化光氧化还原反应为解决上述问题提供了契机.其中,相对于传统的钌/铱络合物催化剂,新型第一周期过渡金属铬催化剂在该领域的开发及应用备受关注.烯/炔的[2+N]环化反应是过渡金属光敏试剂催化的一个经典反应...