旋光仪的改进和实验功能拓展

设计制作了多功能旋光仪,通过光电采集系统和单片机控制电路,实现了光强的识别和记录,实现了旋转角、旋光率或溶液浓度测量结果的自动计算和显示,提高了测量的准确度和测量速度.     

基于PASCO系统的混沌摆实验

基于PASCO系统研制了受周期外力驱动的混沌摆实验仪,调节混沌摆系统的参量可演示非线性动力学特征行为,描绘了无驱动及有驱动下的系统相位图,并分析了初值敏感性、奇异性(奇异吸引子)现象.应用混沌摆的动力学方程,进行Matlab仿真实验.实验结果表明:混沌摆实验系统动力学的性质依赖于振动频率值,系统驱动振幅必须大于一定阈值是混沌相出现的必要条件.     

漏斗型完全光子带隙光波导单向传输

光波单向传输器件在全光计算和信息处理方面具有重要应用.本文提出一种具有完全光子带隙的硅基空气孔光子晶体漏斗型光波导结构,在光通信波段可实现单向传输特性.漏斗型光波导可打破光波对称传输,引入点缺陷通过模式转换与失配进一步抑制反向透射,并研究了不同的点缺陷类型与位置对反向透射的影响.采用时域有限差分法进行数值计算,优化选取了最佳的点缺陷模式.结果显示,单柱型点缺陷在向左移动5a(a为光子晶体晶格常数,a=470 nm)时,横电(TE)偏振光在工作波长1550 nm处正向透射率为0.716,透射对比度为0.929,工作带宽为111 nm.另外,本文提出的光波单向传输器件结构简单、工艺要求低,有望为集成光路中单向传输器件设计提供新的解决方案.     

Magnetoresistance of epitaxial SrRuO3 thin films on a flexible CoFe2O4-buffered mica substrate

We have investigated the magnetoresistance of epitaxial SrRuO₃ (SRO) thin films on a flexible CoFe₂O₄ (CFO)-buffered mica substrate. High-resolution X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the SRO film could be epitaxially grown on a mica substrate with a 22-nm-thick CFO buffer layer. The epitaxial relationships were SRO [1–10] || CFO [1–10] || mica [010] and SRO [111] || CFO [111] || mica [001]. Epitaxial SRO thin films exhibited two magnetoresistance (MR) peaks; one peak occurred at a Curie temperature of 160 K (HT-MR) and the other at a low temperature of 40 K (LT-MR). The LT-MR increased more rapidly with an increase of the buffer layer thickness than the HT-MR. The LT-MR was similar for the two orthogonal current directions with respect to the magnetic field. We explained the HT-MR and LT-MR in terms of the suppression of spin fluctuations and the magnetic rotation of crystallographic domains, respectively.     

Anomalous strain effect in heteroepitaxial SrRuO3 films on (111) SrTiO3 substrates

We report comprehensive investigations into the structure of high-quality (111)-oriented SrRuO₃ films on SrTiO₃ substrates to elucidate the effect of (111) heteroepitaxial strain. We found that SrRuO₃ film with a thickness of ～ 40 nm is compressively strained in plane on the substrate with full coherency. Nevertheless, the out-of-plane spacing is almost the same as in the bulk, which is at odds with the conventional paradigm. By probing a series of half-order Bragg reflections using synchrotron-based x-ray diffraction combined with analyses of the scanning transmission electron microscopy images, we discovered that the heteroepitaxial strain is accommodated via significant suppression of the degree of c⁺ octahedral tilting and the formation of three equivalent domain structures on the (111) SrTiO₃ substrate. This anomalous effect sheds light on the understanding of an unconventional paradigm of film-substrate coupling for the (111) heteroepitaxial strain.     

Effects of spanwise system rotation on turbulent stripes in a plane Poiseuille flow

In the transitional channel flow, the large-scale intermittent structure of localised turbulence, which is called the turbulent stripe pattern, can be found in the form of stripe arrangement. The structure of the turbulent stripe pattern is an oblique laminar–turbulent banded pattern and is inclined with respect to the streamwise direction. We performed direct numerical simulation at a transitional Reynolds number and very low-rotation numbers, and focused on the turbulent stripe pattern in the plane Poiseuille flow subjected to spanwise system rotation. We captured the turbulent stripe pattern in a rotating channel flow and found the augmentation and diminution of the turbulent stripe pattern were affected by the spanwise rotation. The contents of the discussion are the spatial size of the turbulent stripe pattern on the basis of the instantaneous flow fields, the energy spectra, and various statistics relating to the spanwise velocity component that characterise the turbulent stripe pattern. The turbulent stripe pattern was found to contain kinetic energy that was larger in very weakly rotating flows than in the static system. It was also found that the magnitude of the spanwise secondary flow increases, while the quasi-laminar region is wider at a very lowrotation number.     

Multiscale dislocation dynamics simulations of shock-induced plasticity in small volumes

Multiscale dislocation dynamics plasticity (MDDP) was used to investigate shock-induced deformation in monocrystalline copper. In order to enhance the numerical simulations, a periodic boundary condition was implemented in the continuum finite element (FE) scale so that the uniaxial compression of shocks could be attained. Additionally, lattice rotation was accounted for by modifying the dislocation dynamics (DD) code to update the dislocations’ slip systems. The dislocation microstructures were examined in detail and a mechanism of microband formation is proposed for single- and multiple-slip deformation. The simulation results show that lattice rotation enhances microband formation in single slip by locally reorienting the slip plane. It is also illustrated that both confined and periodic boundary conditions can be used to achieve uniaxial compression; however, a periodic boundary condition yields a disturbed wave profile due to edge effects. Moreover, the boundary conditions and the loading rise time show no significant effects on shock–dislocations interaction and the resulting microstructures. MDDP results of high strain rate calculations are also compared with the predictions of the Armstrong–Zerilli model of dislocation generation and movement. This work confirms that the effect of resident dislocations on the strain rate can be neglected when a homogeneous nucleation mechanism is included.     

Theory and simulation of coupled grain boundary migration and grain rotation in low angle grain boundaries

Abstract

Microstructure evolution due to coupled grain boundary migration and grain rotation in low angle grain boundaries is studied through a combination of molecular dynamics and phase field modeling. We have performed two dimensional molecular dynamics simulations on a bicrystal with a circular grain embedded in a larger grain. Both size and orientation of the embedded grain are observed to evolve with time. The shrinking embedded grain is observed to have two regimes: constant dislocation density on the grain boundary followed by constant rate of increase in dislocation density. Based on these observations from the molecular dynamics simulations, a theoretical formulation of the kinetics of coupled grain rotation is developed. The grain rotation rate is derived for the two regimes of constant dislocation density and constant rate of change of dislocation density on the grain boundary during evolution. The theoretical calculation of the grain rotation rate shows strong dependence on the grain size and compares very well with the molecular dynamics simulations. A multi-order parameter based phase field model with coupled grain rotation is developed using the theoretical formulation to model polycrystalline microstructure evolution.