Synthesis and crystal structure of the octahedral cluster complex [Th(DMSO)8Cl][Re6Se7Cl7]

A cluster complex of the composition [Th(DMSO)₈Cl][Re₆Se₇Cl₇] has been obtained by interaction of ThCl₄ solution in DMSO with a water solution of K₃[Re₆Se₇Cl₇] and KCl. The compound crystallizes in the rhombic space group Pbcm with unit cell parameters a = 12.262(2) Å, b = 19.653(6) Å, c = 23.603(6) Å, V = 5688(2) ų, Z = 4, d _calc = 3.282 g/cm³. The structure is built from centrosymmetric cluster anions [Re₆Se₇Cl₇]^3? and complex cations [Th(DMSO)₈Cl]³⁺ possessing mirror-plane symmetry, half of the DMSO ligands being doubly disordered.     

Improvement of real time diffraction efficiency of NGD holograms by introducing electron donors

Nongelatin dichromated holographic film(NGD) is a new holographic recordingmaterial.Holograms recorded on this material have better environmental stability, higherdiffraction efficiency and stronger real time effect, etc..An experimental study to ascertainthe influence of two electron donors, namely,N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF) and dimethyl-sulfoxide(DMSO),on the real time diffraction efficiency(RTDE) of NGD holograms is car-ried out.The pressence of electron donors not only improves the sensitivity,but also enhancesthe real time effect greatly.RTDE of above 60% at±1 orders of NGD plane transimissiongrating is achieved by introducing electron donors.     

Macrodefect-Free Materials: Modification of Interfaces in Cement Composites by Polymer Grafting

MDF materials are chemically bonded ceramic materials free of the macrodefects typical of hydraulic cement-based materials. MDF materials arising through reactions of sulfo-aluminate-ferrite belitic (SAFB) clinkers and/or Portland cements (PC) with two types of water-soluble polymer (hydroxy-propylmethyl cellulose {HPMC}, polyphosphate glass {poly-P}) are discussed. Mixes of low energy SAFB clinkers with Portland cement, HPMC and, especially poly-P comprise promising cross-linked compositions additional to the better known MDF materials formed from high alumina cement with polyvinylalcohol/acetate. The principles of co-ordination of P and C atoms (of the polymer) with Al and Fe atoms (originating from the cement) are highlighted from spectroscopic information on next-nearest-neighbour interactions, along with the effects of second co-ordination spheres. Polymers modify the interface through functional bonding/grafting of polymer chains onto the surfaces of cement grains. Both the cross-linked atomic structure and the interface coincide well with the model of functional polymers and represent a new type of atomic-level structure in polymer-modified cements. Interpretation is based on previous magnetic resonance and thermal analysis studies. The compactness of Al(Fe)-O-P cross-links reduces transport through the interfaces, increasing the interfacial interactions and resisting the unfavourable uptake of moisture and carbonation.     

Crystallographic report: Bis(norfloxacin)dilead(II) tetranitrate, [Pb2(H‐Norf)2(ONO2)4]

The centrosymmetric binuclear structure of [Pb₂(H‐Norf)₂(ONO₂)₄]shows the geometry around each lead(II) atom to be distorted trigonal bipyramidal with Pb–O distances ranging from 2.357(3) to 2.769(4) Å. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A numerically stable algorithm for two server queue models

In this paper, we consider a queueing system in which there are two exponential servers, each having his own queue, and arriving customers will join the shorter queue. Based on the results given in Flatto and McKean, we rewrite the formula for the probability that there are exactlyk customers in each queue, wherek = 0, 1,…. This enables us to present an algorithm for computing these probabilities and then to find the joint distribution of the queue lengths in the system. A program and numerical examples are given.     

Hybrid organosilazane/organosilylamine telechelic oligomers—I. Two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy characterization of dimethylsilylethylenediamine oligomers

The detailed characterization of multifunctional hybrid organosilazane/organosilylamine telechelic oligomers by IR and ¹H, ¹³C and ²⁹Si NMR spectroscopy in one and two dimenions has been undertaken. The specific multifunctional oligomers, comprising NH/NH₂ or SiCl functionalities depending on the monomer feed-ratio, were prepared from mono- and di-functionally reacted dichlorodimethylsilane (DDS) and mono-, di-, tri- and tetra-functionally reacted ethylenediamine (EDA). Varying the feed-ratio afforded control of the microstructures of the oligomers and the preparation of oligomers with, in some cases, conterminously located silicon–chlorine (SiCl) groups. The combination of the NMR methods with the IR technique has enabled the detailed microstructural characterization of the oligomers and the identification of the functionalities therein. This approach and the knowledge gained from the DDS/EDA system has been applied to the microstructural characterization of other hybrid organosilazane/silylamine preceramic telechelic oligomers.     

Deposition-evaporation stochastic systems in two and higher dimensions

We study the stochastic dynamics of deposition-evaporation cooperative processes of dimers, trimers, etc., in two- and higher-dimensional lattices. The dimer system in bipartite lattices allows for an exact solution of dynamic correlations and scaling functions by means of a quantum spin equivalence. Autocorrelations exhibit a diffusive asymptotic kinetics and crossovers of different dynamic regimes in highly anisotropic lattices. Monte Carlo simulations combined with finite-size scaling arguments support the validity of the diffusive picture in more general situations. Steady-state coverages and diffusion constants are obtained using mean-field approaches, spin wave calculations, and random walk analyses in nearly jammed configurations.     

Complexes in polymers IV. FTIR microscopic characterization of thin organic polymer films containing embedded transition-metal carbonyl complexes

Thin films of polystyrene (PS), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polystyrene-polyacrylonitrile copolymer (PS-AN), containing various embedded transition-metal complexes, have been studied by FTIR microscopy. The spatial distributions of the transition-metal carbonyl complexes throughout the thin organic polymer films have been determined by a two-dimensional IR mapping procedure. The spectral variations observed in the distribution of the metal carbonyls throughout the different polymer films are discussed. The IR data show that the technique used to prepare the organometallic-embedded thin films (viz. freeze-drying of solutions followed by hot mechanical pressing of the residues) does in general lead to homogeneous films which may eventually find industrial application, e.g. as membrane sensors for small molecules.     

用BBO晶体产生196～228nm波长的紫外辐射

本文报道了用BBO晶体通过混频产生196～228nm可调谐紫外辐射的研究结果.产生200nm及222nm的量子转换效率分别为12%及23%,与理论计算值基本相符.     

单晶光纤损耗谱测量装置

本文描述了一套用以测量单晶光纤损耗谱的装置。本装置由卤钨灯,单色仪,积分球,AgORbCs光电倍增管以及数据采集,处理和控制系统组成。可测量300～1150nm的光谱范围。利用本装置可获得单晶光纤的吸收光谱,透过率谱,散射光谱以及散射位置谱。