促进学生化学学科核心素养发展的“铁盐和亚铁盐”的单元教学

设计了“铁盐和亚铁盐”的单元教学,以“探究硫酸亚铁的性质”和“线路板腐蚀液的研究”为核心任务,把铁盐与亚铁盐的性质、Fe²⁺和Fe³⁺的相互转化等核心知识贯穿其中,建立从物质类别、元素价态视角研究物质性质及转化的思路方法,促进多维度化学学科核心素养的融合发展。经过多轮次教学改进,结合教学实践过程及其教学效果抽提出“注重应用无机物的认识模型,重点把握研究物质性质的角度和思路”“抓住典型活动,培养学生的关键能力”“设计开放性任务,通过有效的师生对话进行诊断,外显问题解决思路”等教学策略。     

Cationic Organophosphorus Chromophores: A Diamond in the Rough among Ionic Dyes

Tunable electron-accepting properties of the cationic phosphorus center, its geometry and unique preparative chemistry that allows combining this unit with diversity of π-conjugated motifs, define the appealing photophysical and electrochemical characteristics of organophosphorus ionic chromophores. This Minireview summarizes the achievements in the synthesis of the π-extended molecules functionalized with P-cationic fragments, modulation of their properties by means of structural modification, and emphasizes the important effect of cation-anion interactions, which can drastically change physical behavior of these two-component systems.     

Study the electrical conductivity of crosslinked polyester doped with different metal salts

Three crosslinked polymers were prepared via condensation polymerization between triethanolamine and glycerol [(25:75%), (50:50%) and (0:100%) (G:TEA)] with maleic anhydride which produced polymers I, II and III consequently. All the prepared polymers were doped with metal salts (CuCl₂, NiCl₂ and FeCl₂). D.C. conductivity was measured in the temperature range of (298–373 K), the result showed that the electrical conductivity increased several orders of magnitude with increasing temperature, the activation energy decreased with increasing conductivity. A.C. measurement is used to calculate the dielectric constant for the polymers in both pure and doped state.     

Calcite Microneedle Arrays Produced by Inorganic Ion‐Assisted Anisotropic Dissolution of Bulk Calcite Crystal

Besides studies on the mineralization process, research on the demineralization of minerals provides another way to understand the crystallization mechanism of biominerals and fabricate crystals with complicated morphologies. The formation of ordered arrays of c‐axis‐oriented calcite microneedles with a tri‐symmetric structure and lengths of more than 20 μm was realized on a large scale for the first time through anisotropic dissolution of calcite substrates in undersaturated aqueous solution in the presence of ammonium salts. The lengths and the aspect ratios of the calcite microneedles can be tuned by simply changing the concentrations of the ammonium salts and the dissolution time. The shape of the transverse cross sections of the calcite microneedles obtained in the presence of NH₄Cl and NH₄Ac is almost regularly triangular. The tri‐symmetric transverse cross‐section geometry of the calcite microneedles could be attributed to the tri‐symmetric feature of rhombohedral calcite atomic structures, the synergetic interactions between electrostatic interaction of ammonium ions and dangling surface carbonate groups, and the ion incorporation of halide ions.     

Exploring the Synthesis of a New Group of Chiral Ammonium Salts with Specific Configurations at the Stereogenic Nitrogen Centers

A group of new chiral dications with a fixed, specific configuration at the stereogenic nitrogen center was created. Stereoselective synthesis and recrystallization give the diastereomerically and enantiomerically pure dications, including a chiral amphiphile with surface‐active properties.     

Cyclizing Radical Carboiodination,Carbotelluration, and Carboaminoxylation of Aryl Amines

Radical carboiodination of various aryl amines is reported. Aryl diazonium salts, generated in situ from the corresponding aryl amines, are reacted with Bu₄NI to provide the corresponding aryl radicals which undergo 5‐exo or 6‐exo cyclization. Iodine abstraction eventually affords the carboiodinated products in good to excellent yields. If TEMPO is added, the cascade provides the cyclized carboaminoxylation products. Running the reaction in the presence of PhTeTePh affords the phenyltellurated cyclized products.     

Iodonium Metathesis Reactions

A metathesis reaction occurs when a diaryliodonium triflate is heated with an aryl iodide, resulting in the formation of a new diaryliodonium triflate.     

An Azo-bridged Triazole Derived from Tetrazine

A new approach to the synthesis of 5,5'-dinitro-3,3'-azo-1H-1,2,4-triazole ( 3 ) starting from 3,6-dihydrazinyl-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (DHT) was discovered. Nitrogen-rich energetic salts of 3 were synthesized in high yields. It is unusual that all the salts were less thermally stable than the neutral compound 3 . Of all the compounds, the decomposition temperature of 217 °C, as well as being insensitive towards impact and friction, which suggests potential application as an environmentally friendly nitrogen-rich energetic material.     

碱金属无机酸盐催化的硫醇的β-羟乙基化反应

在常压、无溶剂、120℃条件下,考察了14种碱金属无机酸盐(MA,M=Li^+,Na^+,K^+)催化正辛硫醇与碳酸乙烯酯的S-羟乙基化反应性能。普遍的规律是:在阴离子A相同的情况下,钾盐的催化活性高于相应的钠盐,而锂盐无催化活性。在各种无机酸钾盐中,如果共轭酸酸性越强,则相应的钾盐的催化活性越低。为探究钾盐催化剂活化-SH的机理的普适性,以K_3PO_4为催化剂,考察了在不同反应温度下,6种不同结构的硫醇与碳酸乙烯酯的β-羟乙基化反应催化活性,得出规律是硫醇的酸性越强,其反应活性越高,S-H键越容易解离。该反应无溶剂参与,硫醇与碳酸乙烯酯的物质的量之比接近理论量,产物β-羟乙基硫醚的选择性>99%,产物中无卤素盐副产物生成,易于分离。