可膨胀过热水系统多气核演化过程与临界过热度分析

使用分子动力学方法,研究过热水系统均质沸腾核化过程.采用Langevin 动力学方法控制体积可变系统的温度与压力,更好地模拟了沸腾实际物理过程.得到了液相系统体积连续膨胀、分子间距逐渐增大,最终稳定在汽相的现象学规律.当过热温度较高时,亚稳态液相系统可能在局部形成不同大小的近球形区域：气核,这些气核是不稳定的,处于不断演化之中.通过分析分子所受引力与斥力的共同作用,得到了气核形成与消亡以及多个气核融合的机理.比较了模拟结果与经典沸腾理论的差异,提出了气核生长是比气泡生长更为微观过程的认识.通过研究不同过热 关键词： 过热水系统 分子动力学 气核 临界过热度     

Cu固液界面能的分子动力学计算

本文使用分子动力学方法对液相Cu中不同半径晶胚的生长和熔化行为进行了研究. 随着半径的增加, 晶胚生长的临界温度升高. 临界形核过冷度和晶胚半径倒数成正比关系, 这和经典形核理论一致. 由上述关系计算得到Cu的Gibbs-Thomson系数为1.12×10^-7 K·m, Cu的固液界面能为0.146 J/m², Cu的Turnbull系数为0.416, 这些计算值均与实验值一致. 关键词： 分子动力学 经典形核理论 固液界面能     

The Becker–Döring Equations and the Lifshitz–Slyozov Theory of Coarsening

In this paper the relation between the kinetic set of Becker–Döring (BD) equations and the classical Lifshitz–Slyozov (LS) theory of coarsening is studied. A model that resembles the LS theory but keeps some of the nucleation effects is derived. For this model a solution is described that shows how the kinetic effects explain the particular solution selected in the LS theory. By means of a renormalization procedure, a discrete group of transformations is shown to play an important role in describing the structure of the solution near the critical size of the LS theory.     

环状连续强激光下光学薄膜的瞬温和热畸变

详细研究了非冷却光学薄膜元件在环形激光光束辐照下的瞬态温度分布和随后的热畸变，并且用泰曼干涉仪实际测量了连续波氧碘激光辐照各种非冷却光学元件的热畸变量并与理论计算相比较，分析结果表明理论和实验相一致。     

基于protel DXP 2004的RLC电路仿真

用protel DXP 2004软件对RLC电路的暂态过程进行仿真实验分析,主要介绍了仿真电路的创建,并结合电路理论仿真了电路在欠阻尼、临界阻尼和过阻尼三种阻尼状态下的暂态过程。     

Transient transition behaviors of fractional-order simplest chaotic circuit with bi-stable locally-active memristor and its ARM-based implementation

This paper proposes a fractional-order simplest chaotic system using a bi-stable locally-active memristor. The characteristics of the memristor and transient transition behaviors of the proposed system are analyzed, and this circuit is implemented digitally using ARM-based MCU. Firstly, the mathematical model of the memristor is designed, which is nonvolatile, locally-active and bi-stable. Secondly, the asymptotical stability of the fractional-order memristive chaotic system is investigated and some sufficient conditions of the stability are obtained. Thirdly, complex dynamics of the novel system are analyzed using phase diagram, Lyapunov exponential spectrum, bifurcation diagram, basin of attractor, and coexisting bifurcation, coexisting attractors are observed. All of these results indicate that this simple system contains the abundant dynamic characteristics. Moreover, transient transition behaviors of the system are analyzed, and it is found that the behaviors of transient chaotic and transient period transition alternately occur. Finally, the hardware implementation of the fractional-order bi-stable locally-active memristive chaotic system using ARM-based STM32F750 is carried out to verify the numerical simulation results.     

Heterogeneous nucleation and depletion effect in nanowire growth

Recent experiments by Ross and co-workers proved the possibility of a mononuclear regime with heterogeneous nucleation as well as jerky growth in the vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) process for silicon nanowires. In this work, a theoretical model is presented which incorporates the effects of (i) a mononuclear regime with layer by layer growth, (i) heterogeneous nucleation of each new layer at the edge of a Au–Si droplet, (iii) drop of supersaturation after each successful nucleation and respective fast layer growth, (iv) time-dependent nucleation barrier during each new waiting period and (v) correlation between subsequent waiting periods (non-Markovian sequence of waiting periods).     

杜芬方程的1/3纯亚谐解及过渡过程的分形特征研究

通过谐波平衡法和数值积分法研究了杜芬方程的1／3纯亚谐解．提出假设解，找出了亚谐频域，并对参数变化的过渡过程的敏感性和初始值扰动的过渡过程进行了研究．考察了亚谐响应幅值系数对阻尼的敏感性及亚谐振动谐波成分的渐近稳态性．此外，运用广义分形理论对杜芬方程纯亚谐解过渡过程进行了分析．分析表明，广义维数的敏感维数能清楚地描述杜芬方程纯亚谐解过渡过程特征；并对改变初始扰动、阻尼系数、激励幅值情况下，其两个不同频域的杜芬方程纯亚谐解过渡过程的不同分形特性显现出敏感性．     

一种计算多导体传输线电磁脉冲响应的时域方法

基于波形松弛技术, 提出一种计算外界电磁脉冲激励下理想大地上无损多导体传输线瞬态响应的时域迭代方法。首先利用波形松弛技术对复频域内多导体传输线的电报方程进行解耦, 其中相邻导线的耦合作用等效为线上的分布源, 从而使电报方程转换为一系列关于独立导线的解耦方程组; 然后将复频域内传输线的解耦方程转换到时域, 根据时域方程建立相应的等效电路; 最后利用电路仿真软件PSCAD计算电磁脉冲激励下多导体传输线的瞬态响应。本文时域方法的计算结果与时域有限差分(FDTD) 法计算的结果进行对比, 证实了该时域方法的有效性和准确性, 这为工程和科研人员快速评估、分析电磁脉冲激励下多导体传输线的瞬态响应问题提供了一种可靠方法。     

Nanosecond-time-resolved infrared spectroscopic study of fast relaxation kinetics of protein folding by means of laser-induced temperature-jump

Elucidating the initial kinetics of folding pathways is critical to the understanding of the protein folding mechanism. Transient infrared spectroscopy has proved a powerful tool to probe the folding kinetics. Herein we report the construction of a nanosecond laser-induced temperature-jump （T-jump） technique coupled to a nanosecond timeresolved transient mid-infrared （mid-IR） spectrometer system capable of investigating the protein folding kinetics with a temporal resolution of 50 ns after deconvolution of the instrumental response function. The mid-IR source is a liquid N2 cooled CO laser covering a spectral range of 5.0μm （2000 cm^-1）-6.5μm （1540 cm^-1）. The heating pulse was generated by a high pressure H2 Raman shifter at wavelength of 1.9μm. The maximum temperature-jump could reach as high as 26±1℃. The fast folding/unfolding dynamics of cytochrome C was investigated by the constructed system, providing an example.