Spectroscopic and quantum chemical studies on the structure of 2-arylquinoline-4(1H)-thione derivatives

The geometries of the title compounds were probed in solution, solid and gas states using spectroscopic methods, X-ray crystallography and quantum chemical techniques. The exclusive existence of the NH-4-thiones in solution (NMR and PCM-B3LYP(MP2)/6-31+G(d) calculations) and solid state (FT-IR and X-ray) is also corroborated by comparison of their spectroscopic data with those of the corresponding 2-aryl-1-methylquinoline-4(1H)-thione derivatives. The co-existence of the quinoline-4-thione and quinoline-4-thiol (4-mercaptoquinoline) isomers in the gas phase is confirmed by mass spectrometry and the preponderance of the 4-thiol is supported by quantum chemical techniques (PM3, MP2 and B3LYP).     

Crystal Structure, Thermal Analysis and Theoretical Calculation of a One-dimensional Chain Complex [Zn（dafo）2（H2O）2]（NO3）2

Introduction Molecular recognition and molecular self-assemblycarried out by cooperation of the weak interactions(electrostatic reaction, hydrogen bonds, van der Waalsforce, short-range repulsive force, etc) are the commonphenomena in nature. In recent years, the research onsupramolecular complex has been a crossing focus ofseveral subjects such as chemistry, physics, biology,material and information.1 Supramolecular complex hasa wide application foreground in material, catalysis,conductor,…     

Li(NTO)(H2O)2的热分解行为及其结构与性质的关系研究

摘要在水中合成了3-硝基-1,2,4．三唑-5-酮(NTO)的锂盐Li(NTO)(H2O)2,利用DSC,TG／DTG和IR方法研究了其金属配合物的热分解机理,并用Kissinger法、Ozawa法、积分法和微分法对标题配合物进行了非等温动力学研究,得到了热分解反应的动力学参数,确定了热分解第一阶段的动力学方程及配合物的热爆炸临界温度(Tb)为289．33℃．采取RHF／6-31G,DFT-RB3LYP／6-31G方法对标题化合物进行了几何全优化,并对其成键情况、电荷分布和化合物的稳定性进行了分析．     

痂囊腔菌素A分子构型和分子内氢键的理论研究

用半经验量子化学AM1方法对天然苝醌化合物痂囊腔菌素A(EA)的分子构型和分子内氢键进行了研究;从EA可能的64种构型中选择16种进行了计算.结果表明,EA的X射线晶体结构对应的构型是II型左旋(A)a,a型(II-L-A-a,a);小的生成热差值可以使得异构体间的转换容易进行,有利于发生分子内质子传递.尽管采用AM1方法计算得到的EA各种构象的平面性有所差别,但都很接近晶体的平面性.此外,EA分子内氢键键能的平均值为22.9kJ/mol;II型的氢键键能比I型的大,(9,10)位的氢键键能比(3,4)位的大;EA的平面性是由苝醌环上的侧链取代所决定,而与分子内是否存在氢键无关.     

脲基杯[4]二(9-冠-3)对钠-卤素离子对的识别作用

采用Oniom方法(B3LYP/LANL2DZ∶PM3)对脲基取代的二(9-冠-3)杯[4]芳烃衍生物(H)与离子对Na+X-(X=F-,Cl-,Br-)的包合作用进行了理论研究.在上述体系中存在2种包合方式:一是阴、阳离子在包合物中是分离的,阴离子与主体分子的上沿主要以N—H…X-氢键作用;二是阴、阳离子在包合物中存在明显的离子配对作用,阴离子主要以阳离子的配对作用存在.通过对包合物Na+X-/H的结构参数、自然键轨道(NBO)以及结合能分析可知,第1种包合方式更有利.研究表明脲基取代的二(9-冠-3)杯[4]芳烃衍生物可成为有效的离子对识别受体,研究结果进一步加深了杯芳烃类受体对离子对识别机理的认识,为实验上设计合成新型离子对受体提供了理论依据.     

Gas‐phase reactivity of 2‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinones: a computational and mass spectrometry study of lapachol congeners

In order to understand the influence of alkyl side chains on the gas‐phase reactivity of 1,4‐naphthoquinone derivatives, some 2‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone derivatives have been prepared and studied by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in combination with computational quantum chemistry calculations. Protonation and deprotonation sites were suggested on the basis of gas‐phase basicity, proton affinity, gas‐phase acidity (ΔG_acid), atomic charges and frontier orbital analyses. The nature of the intramolecular interaction as well as of the hydrogen bond in the systems was investigated by the atoms‐in‐molecules theory and the natural bond orbital analysis. The results were compared with data published for lapachol (2‐hydroxy‐3‐(3‐methyl‐2‐butenyl)‐1,4‐naphthoquinone). For the protonated molecules, water elimination was verified to occur at lower proportion when compared with side chain elimination, as evidenced in earlier studies on lapachol. The side chain at position C(3) was found to play important roles in the fragmentation mechanisms of these compounds. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

HAXPES of protected ITO surfaces at the buried P3HT/ITO interface

The characterization of buried interfaces is difficult and often has to be performed by a post‐processing method where the interface is exposed. Hard energy X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy offers the ability to tune the X‐ray energy and thereby change the information depth. In this work, an inorganic/organic interface was evaluated, namely the poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) interface with indium tin oxide (ITO), with relevance to organic photovoltaic devices. P3HT/ITO buried interfaces were examined using three X‐ray energies where the ITO surface was prepared under different pretreatment conditions. The P3HT film protected the ITO surface from adventitious adsorbents and allowed for sensitivity to the buried ITO surface. Robust peak fitting parameters were obtained to model the O 1 s and In 3d lineshapes. The deconvolution of these lineshapes allowed for the clear identification of a surface layer on the ITO which is oxidized to a greater extent than the underlying bulk ITO. The surface oxide layer, composed of indium oxide and indium hydroxide, is deficient of oxygen vacancies and would therefore be expected to act as an insulating barrier on the ITO surface. Peak fitting conditions allowed for an estimation of the relative thicknesses of this insulating layer. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

紫外-可见吸收光谱结合高斯多峰拟合技术测定甲基红酸离解常数

在一定pH值范围内,甲基红(MR)水溶液紫外-可见吸收光谱特征是酸式甲基红(HMR)最大吸收峰((530±15)nm)与碱式甲基红(MR-)最大吸收峰((435±20)nm)叠合在一起.本文用高斯多峰拟合技术实现了HMR和MR-叠合峰的分峰拟合计算.拟合计算输出两个吸收峰的积分面积即峰强度A1和A2,A1和A2之比与MR-和HMR浓度之比.进而计算甲基红水溶液酸离解平衡常数pKa.用本方法测量298.15K时的pKa值为4.76.拟合优度高,拟合度R2、拟合优度χ2分别达到0.998和10-5以下.深入探讨了表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)聚集行为对甲基红pKa的影响.与传统分光光度测量方法相比,紫外-可见吸收光谱结合高斯多峰拟合技术结果更可靠,测量步骤和数据处理过程更简单,更具有普适性.     

利用超额拉曼光谱研究硝酸镁水溶液中的离子对

利用超额拉曼光谱研究了室温下硝酸镁(Mg(NO₃)₂)溶液的离子缔合情况. 测量了该溶液羟基(－OH)伸 缩振动谱段和NO₃^-全对称伸缩振动谱段的拉曼光谱, 利用超额拉曼光谱及光谱拟合分析了这些光谱数据. － OH伸缩振动谱段的超额拉曼光谱显示, 低浓度(<2.3 mol·kg^-1)下阴离子第一水合层的水分子含量随溶液浓度 的升高呈线性关系增加, 在较高浓度时(>2.3 mol·kg^-1), 该含量变化偏离了线性关系, 这是因为Mg(NO₃)₂溶液 在高浓度时存在直接接触离子对导致的. 同样的转折点浓度也在对NO₃^- 全对称伸缩振动谱段的分析中被观测 到. 除了直接接触离子对, 还观测到三种溶剂分隔型离子对. 对该谱段下所有浓度的拉曼光谱和超额光谱进行 同时拟合, 给出了不同浓度下各种离子对的相对含量, 结果显示在0.23-4.86 mol·kg^-1浓度范围内都有溶剂分 隔型离子对和直接接触型离子对. 当Mg(NO₃)₂浓度低于2.3 mol·kg^-1时, 所有离子对的相对含量随浓度增加呈 现直线上升, 在高于这个浓度后直接接触离子对的相对含量急剧增加, 一种溶剂分隔型离子对的相对含量增加 变缓, 另一种溶剂分隔型离子对的相对含量逐渐减少, 还有一种溶剂分隔型离子对相对含量的增加趋势保持不 变, 在Mg(NO₃)₂浓度大于3.5 mol·kg^-1后, 其相对含量不再发生明显变化.     

Pd/ZnO催化甲醇水蒸气重整理论研究

随着化石能源的日渐枯竭和人们对环境保护的日益重视,发展清洁高效的新能源成为世界各国高度关注的战略课题。甲醇水蒸气重整是生产氢能的有效方法之一,Pd/ZnO催化剂热稳定性好、选择性高,是可能替代Cu/ZnO的催化剂。本文综述了近十年来采用理论方法对Pd/ZnO催化甲醇水蒸气重整制氢机理的研究工作。文章首先论述了催化剂的研究进展,然后对水在单体和聚集状态下在单层及多层平整的和阶梯状的合金表面的吸附和解离进行了总结;接着对甲醇、甲氧基和甲醛在合金表面的吸附和化学反应的热力学和动力学作了介绍;随后基于计算结果,对甲醇反应机理给予了详细的描述。最后对全文进行了总结并对未来的研究作了展望。