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81.
Existence and Uniqueness of Endemic States for the Age-structured MSEIR Epidemic Model 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Geni Gupur 《应用数学学报(英文版)》2002,18(3):441-454
The existence and uniqueness of positive steady states for the age-structured MSEIR epidemic model with age-dependent transmission coefficient is considered. Threshold results for the existence of endemic states are established; under certain conditions, uniqueness is also shown. 相似文献
82.
83.
根据环形管通道内流体流动和换热的特点,以Kirillov和Smogalev提出的干涸点理论模型假设为基础,从最基本的质量守恒方程出发,并引入临界液膜厚度等相应的辅助模型,得到了双面加热环形通道内流动沸腾干涸点的理论模型。同时针对间隙为1.0mm和1.5mm的环形窄缝进行了低压低质量流速工况下干涸点的实验研究。比较发现理论模型预测值与实验结果基本相符。说明本文提出的理论模型适用于低压低流量条件下的窄环形通道。实验同时发现:环状流临界热流密度在系统压力为2.2MPa达到最大值,临界含汽量随质量流速的增大呈缓慢下降趋势。 相似文献
84.
The usual tool for modelling bond ratings migration is a discrete, time‐homogeneous Markov chain. Such model assumes that all bonds are homogeneous with respect to their movement behaviour among rating categories and that the movement behaviour does not change over time. However, among recognized sources of heterogeneity in ratings migration is age of a bond (time elapsed since issuance). It has been observed that young bonds have a lower propensity to change ratings, and thus to default, than more seasoned bonds. The aim of this paper is to introduce a continuous, time‐non‐homogeneous model for bond ratings migration, which also incorporates a simple form of population heterogeneity. The specific form of heterogeneity postulated by the proposed model appears to be suitable for modelling the effect of age of a bond on its propensity to change ratings. This model, called a mover–stayer model, is an extension of a Markov chain. This paper derives the maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of a continuous time mover–stayer model based on a sample of independent continuously monitored histories of the process, and develops the likelihood ratio statistic for discriminating between the Markov chain and the mover–stayer model. The methods are illustrated using a sample of rating histories of young corporate issuers. For these issuers the default probabilities predicted by the Markov chain and mover–stayer models are different. In particular for 1–4 years old bonds the mover–stayer model estimates substantially lower default probabilities from rating C than a Markov chain. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
85.
The turbulent flow in a compound meandering channel with a rectangular cross section is one of the most complicated turbulent flows, because the flow behaviour is influenced by several kinds of forces, including centrifugal forces, pressure‐driven forces and shear stresses generated by momentum transfer between the main channel and the flood plain. Numerical analysis has been performed for the fully developed turbulent flow in a compound meandering open‐channel flow using an algebraic Reynolds stress model. The boundary‐fitted coordinate system is introduced as a method for coordinate transformation in order to set the boundary conditions along the complicated shape of the meandering open channel. The turbulence model consists of transport equations for turbulent energy and dissipation, in conjunction with an algebraic stress model based on the Reynolds stress transport equations. With reference to the pressure–strain term, we have made use of a modified pressure–strain term. The boundary condition of the fluctuating vertical velocity is set to zero not only for the free surface, but also for computational grid points next to the free surface, because experimental results have shown that the fluctuating vertical velocity approaches zero near the free surface. In order to examine the validity of the present numerical method and the turbulent model, the calculated results are compared with experimental data measured by laser Doppler anemometer. In addition, the compound meandering open channel is clarified somewhat based on the calculated results. As a result of the analysis, the present algebraic Reynolds stress model is shown to be able to reasonably predict the turbulent flow in a compound meandering open channel. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
86.
使用Monte Carlo模拟的方法得出了随机粗糙表面,在Kirchhoff近似的基础上,利用数值分析的方法分析了一维随机粗糙表面的散射特征,得出了一维随机粗糙表面散射分布曲线,我们还考虑了遮蔽效应的影响,并且讨论了Kirchhoff近似的有效性。 相似文献
87.
非等间距序列建模过程中存在的问题及改进 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
在研究非等间距序列的基础上 ,本文将非等间距累加运用于非等间距序列的建模过程中 ,使原有模型得到改进 .实例表明 ,改进后模型的精度有了很大提高 相似文献
88.
车前子中多糖含量的测定 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:11
采用蒽酮-硫酸法比色测定,用精制车前子多糖测得车前子多糖对葡萄糖的换算因子,对我国同属不同品种的车前子不同采集时间及炮制前后其多糖含量进行了比较研究。结果表明:此测定方法简便可行。供试液在8h内显色稳定,重现性较好,平均回收率为97.8%,RSD=1.41%(n=5)。江西吉安产大粒车前子生品多糖含量在9.15%~9.83%之间,炮制后其多糖含量在6.29%~6.81%之间;南昌新祺周车前GAP标准基地的大粒车前子生品多糖含量为7.85%~8.38%,炮制后其多糖含量为6.01%~6.64%;东北产的小粒车前子生品多糖含量为6.61%,炮制后其多糖含量为6.45%。 相似文献
89.
90.
A time discrete scheme is used to approximate the solution toa phase field system of PenroseFife type with a non-conservedorder parameter. An a posteriori error estimate is presentedthat allows the estimation of the difference between continuousand semidiscrete solutions by quantities that can be calculatedfrom the approximation and given data. 相似文献