取代芳烃对发光菌、大型蚤、呆鲦鱼急性毒性的QSAR研究

发光菌;定量构效关系;取代芳烃对发光菌、大型蚤、呆鲦鱼急性毒性的QSAR研究     

Syntheses of Special Monomers for π-Conjugated Polymers

Summary: Tailored monomers based on the activated esters of 2,5-dibromo-benzoic and 2,5-dibromobenzene-1-sulfonic acids or 3-substituted 2,5-dibromothiophene suitable for the Suzuki, Yamamoto or Grignard metathesis (GRIM) coupling reactions were synthesized and characterized by the melting point, elemental analysis, ¹H NMR, FT IR, and TLC. The Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction was utilized for the preparation of 3-(arylvinyl)-2,5-dibromothiophenes and the 4-nitrophenol or N-hydroxysuccinimide for the preparation of activated esters. A monomer with β-diketone active structure was prepared and characterized as well.     

基于密度泛函理论计算的多氯联苯毒性的定量结构-性质关系研究

多氯联苯(PCBs)是一类人工合成的难降解有机物, 疏水亲油、毒性大, 引起了人们普遍关注. 通过密度泛函理论(DFT)计算获得PCBs 苯环上的负电荷密度(Q)、最低空轨道能量(E_LUMO)、亲电指数(ω)等结构参数, 并分析了PCBs 毒性与其苯环间的共平面性、氯原子取代数(N_Cl)、Q 以及ω 等结构参数之间的关系. 采用SPSS17 统计软件分析了上述结构参数与PCBs 毒性表征量正辛醇-水分配系数(K_OW)的关联度, 并构建lg K_OW 的多元线性回归方程. 采用“交叉检验”方法检验所构建的lg K_OW 定量结构-性质关系(QSPR)方程的稳定性, 并用于预测PCBs 的毒性. 由N_Cl 和ω 构造出的QSPR 方程简单实用、可靠, PCBs 的lg K_OW 计算值与实验结果吻合良好.     

含有联苯侧基聚乙炔的合成及其气体渗透性能

合成了含有取代联苯及烷基硅取代基的二芳基乙炔单体（1a~1d）,以TaCl5-n-Bu4Sn作催化剂聚合得到聚合物2a、2b和2d。 所得聚合物在常规有机溶剂中具有良好的溶解性。 用聚合物2a和2b的甲苯溶液浇铸制备了均质膜。 采用三氟乙酸对聚合物2a和2b膜进行去硅化反应,制备了不溶性膜3a和3b。 热重分析表明,所得聚合物均具有高的热稳定性,在空气中的热失重起始温度分别为340和430 ℃。 聚合物2a和2b的氧气渗透系数（PO2)分别为260和390 barrers,去硅化膜3a和3b的PO2分别下降至73和180 barrers。 聚合物膜的O2/N2分离系数为2.4~3.3,并随PO2的增加而减小。 由气体在聚合物膜中的扩散系数和溶解系数的测定,扩散系数的降低是导致去硅化膜气体渗透系数下降的主要原因。     

取代苯甲醛类化合物的分子结构与溶解度的定量关系

用DFT-B3LYP方法,在较高基组6-311G**水平上对28种取代苯甲醛类化合物进行全优化计算获得了相应量子化学参数,利用线性逐步回归法建立取代苯甲醛溶解度的定量结构-活性相关性(QSPR)模型.采用内部及外部双重验证的办法深入分析和检验模型的稳健性,选出了最佳模型,其复相关系数(R2),留一法(LOO)交互检验复相关系数(Rc2v),外部预测样本复相关系数(Re2xt)分别为0.935,0.933和0.842,表明所建立的QSPR模型的稳定性和预测能力良好.结果表明:取代苯甲醛的溶解度lgSW与分子总能量,分子体积,分子最低空轨道能和最负原子的静电荷相关性较好.     

磷酸苯基二乙基酯的合成及NMR和ESI-MS/MS测定

在冰盐浴条件下,将DEPH和CCl₄混合液滴加到由苯酚、三乙胺、二氧六环组成的混合液中或由水杨酸乙酯, 三乙胺、二氧六环组成的混合液中. 分别用二乙基亚磷酸酯（DEPH)对苯酚和水杨酸乙酯进行磷酰化. 经电喷雾质谱（ESI-MS)及核磁共振检测,目标产物存在, 其分别为磷酸苯基二乙基酯和o-(邻乙氧甲酰（基）苯基)磷酸二乙酯.     

Determination by Raman scattering of the nature of pigments in cultured freshwater pearls from the mollusk Hyriopsis cumingi

The nature of pigments in naturally colored pearls is still under discussion. For this study, Raman scattering measurements were obtained for 30 untreated freshwater cultured pearls from the mollusk Hyriopsis cumingi covering their typical range of colors. The originality of this work is that seven different excitation wavelengths (1064 nm, 676.44 nm, 647.14 nm, 514.53 nm, 487.98 nm, 457.94 nm, 363.80 nm) are used for the same samples at the highest possible resolution. All colored pearls show the two major Raman features of polyenic compounds assigned to double carbon–carbon (CC) – at about 1500 cm⁻¹ – and single carbon–carbon (C C) – at about 1130 cm⁻¹ – bond stretching mode, regardless of their specific hue. These peaks are not detected in the corresponding white pearls, and therefore seem directly related to the major cause of body color. Additionally, the exact position of CC stretching vibration shows that these compounds are not members of the carotenoid family. Moreover, some changes are observed in intensities, shape and positions of the two main characteristic polyenic peaks from one sample to the next. Similar changes are observed also using several excitation wavelengths for the same point of the same pearl. The exact position of C C stretching vibration of polyenic molecules depends strongly on the number of double bonds (N) contained in their polyenic chain. Hence, using a constrained decomposition of this band for different excitation wavelengths, up to nine different pigments may be detected in the same pearl. Their general chemical formula is R‐( CHCH )_N‐R′ with N = 6–14. All our colored samples contained at least four pigments (N = 8–11). Different colors are explained by different mixtures, not by a simple change of pigment. The chemical nature of the chain ends is still unknown, because it cannot be detected with Raman scattering. However, it is possible that these polyenes are complexed with carbonate molecules of the nacre. Similar coloration mechanisms are found in products from other living organisms (e.g. parrots feathers). Moreover, it seems that a similar series of pigments is found in other pearls also, as well as in some marine animals living in similar environments (e.g. corals). Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

锰取代Keggin型杂多酸[ZnW11O39Mn(H2O)]8-在化学修饰玻碳电极上的多层组装及电催化性能研究

在4-氨基苯甲酸修饰的玻碳电极上制备了过渡金属取代杂多酸[ZnW₁₁O₃₉Mn(H₂O)]^8-(ZnW₁₁Mn)多层膜.各层的循环伏安行为证明膜的增长均匀,峰电流随层数的增加而增加.与其在溶液中的氧化还原行为相比,多层膜中的ZnW₁₁Mn显示出一些特殊的性质.还讨论了pH对其氧化还原行为的影响.该多层膜对BrO₃^-和H₂O₂的还原及抗坏血酸的氧化具有较好的电催化性能.     

微波照射下膦酰基/硫甲基烯酮硫代缩醛和N-取代膦酰 基/硫甲基硫代碳酸酯的 合成

在微波照射下方便、高收率地合成了新奇的膦酰基杂环的合成子-膦酰基/硫甲基烯酮硫代缩醛和N-取代膦酰基/硫甲基硫代碳酸酯,实验表明微波照射大大加快了反应速率和提高了反应产率。     

Synthesis and characterization of aromatic cyclolinear phosphazene polyetherketones containing bis‐Spiro‐substituted cyclotriphosphazene unit

A novel monomer, 2,2‐bis‐(4′‐fluorobenzoylphenoxy)‐4,4,6,6‐bis[spiro‐(2′,2″‐dioxy‐1′, 1′‐biphenylyl)] cyclotriphosphazene, was synthesized and polymerized with 4,4′‐difluorobenzophenone as a comonomer and 4,4′‐isopropylidenediphenol or 4,4′‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphenol in N,N‐dimethylacetamide at 162 °C for 4 h to give two series of aromatic cyclolinear phosphazene polyetherketones containing bis‐spiro‐substituted cyclotriphosphazene groups. The structure of the monomer was confirmed by ¹H, ¹³C, and ³¹P NMR. The effect of the incorporation of the bis‐spiro‐substituted cyclotriphosphazene group on the thermal properties of these polymers was investigated by DSC and thermogravimetric analysis. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 39: 2993–2997, 2001