Alumina-supported cobalt phosphide as a new catalyst for preferential CO oxidation at high temperatures

Abstract

Novel alumina-supported cobalt phosphide catalysts (designated as CoP-3, CoP-10, CoP-20 and CoP-40) prepared from the precursors with Co loadings of 3, 10, 20 and 40?wt% by H₂-temperature-programmed reaction were investigated as potential catalysts for preferential CO oxidation (PROX) in excess H₂ at high temperatures. It was found that the catalytic activities of these Co₂P/γ-Al₂O₃ catalysts were related to their Co loadings. The CoP-10 catalyst showed the best PROX performance in temperature range of 220–240?°C, which was attributed to its optimal microstructures (high surface area, small particle size and big amount of active site).     

超椭圆柱面梯度线圈设计

超椭圆柱设计表面能够减小线圈与目标的距离,提高空间利用率,扩大成像区域的有效范围.提出利用流函数法及柱面的可展性在超椭圆柱面上设计核磁共振成像系统中的梯度线圈.根据Biot-Savart定律建立磁场强度与流函数的表达式,采用最小二乘法和Tikhonov正则化方法构造了双目标设计函数.利用柱面的可展性提高了基于分片离散流函数计算电磁场的数值精度,通过L-曲线方法实现了正则参数的合理选取.通过引入适当的流函数边界约束条件,把梯度线圈的优化问题转化为适定线性方程组的直接求解问题.通过数值算例验证了超椭圆柱面展开求解方法的正确性.优化结果显示,在满足线性度误差小于5%的设计约束下,该方法在设计超椭圆柱面线圈驱动电流分布的同时有效控制了梯度线圈的能耗.     

离子色谱法测定盐湖沉积物中可溶性阴离子

盐湖沉积物中可溶性阴离子提取和测试方法对其实验结果至关重要,但不同的前处理提取和测试条件缺乏系统的对比和优化。本文对比了水浴加热、超声提取、涡旋震荡三种前处理条件的提取效率,发现涡旋震荡离心的前处理方法回收率最佳,并进一步优化了水土比例、涡旋震荡离心方法的浸提时间和浸提次数。在离子色谱测试方法方面,发现以30 mmol/L KOH溶液作为淋洗液,流速1 mL/min,柱温30 oC,电导检测器进行离子色谱分析效果最好。最终建立了以涡旋震荡离心为前处理提取,离子色谱法测定盐湖沉积物中四种无机可溶性阴离子（F-、Cl-、SO42-和NO3-）的检测方法。该方法中,四种阴离子检出限≤0.026 mg/L,线性相关性良好R2≥0.998,加标回收率为80%~114%,精密度RSD为0.64%~1.31%,具有快速准确、灵敏度高、简单可靠等优点,可适用于高盐度盐湖沉积物样品中无机阴离子的测定,并利用该方法对六份西藏地区盐湖表层沉积物样品进行分析。     

Electrostatic Fluid Accelerator under High‐Speed Free Air Stream

The electrostatic fluid accelerator (EFA) generates ionic wind with a simple structure that barely obstructs the free air stream or produce excessive noise. This paper presents the velocity characteristics of an EFA under a high speed free air stream to simulate an EFA‐powered propulsor. The results show that when the EFA generates identical velocity to the free air stream, the EFA contributes 25% of the resultant velocity. When the EFA is replaced by a rotary fan that generates identical velocity to the free air stream, the fan contributes only 13.4% of the resultant velocity. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

分布式数据流处理系统管理中负载均衡问题建模与求解

对分布式数据流处理系统管理中,处理节点负载均衡问题进行了研究。阐述了分布式数据流处理系统的运行机理以及节点负载不均衡的成因,并提出了对系统负载均衡调整的优化方案;对提出的优化方案建立模型,并对模型的适用条件进行理论分析;然后采用蚁群算法对模型进行求解,并针对分布式数据流处理系统实时性的需求对算法进行改进;最后用实验证明本文所建立的模型及其求解方法对于解决分布式数据流处理系统管理中节点负载均衡问题的有效性。     

多光谱融合的海洋沉积物碳含量检测

海洋沉积物中碳的变化是衔接海洋生态系统的过去与未来的信息桥梁,揭示了海洋生态过程变化规律。因此开展海洋沉积物碳含量的研究,对掌握海洋生态系统碳循环规律,研究全球碳循环,研究对气候变化的响应和反馈有着重要的作用。光谱技术是一种快速、无损的测量方法,在定量分析中已有很成熟的应用。多光谱融合通过将多个光谱数据结合一起,获得比单一光谱更丰富的信息,有利于物质的分析研究。将多光谱融合应用于海洋沉积物碳含量的研究,以青岛海洋潮间161份沉积物为样品,分别采用海洋光学QE65000光谱仪（光谱仪1）和AVANTES光纤光谱仪AvaSpec-ULS2048（光谱仪2）采集沉积物可见-近红外光谱。将两种光谱仪的光谱进行多光谱融合,分别采用偏最小二乘回归算法（PLSR）和BP神经网络算法（BPNN）建立沉积物碳含量模型。在PLSR沉积物碳含量建模结果中,多融合光谱结果优于光谱仪2,略低于光谱仪1,RPD值为1.968;在BPNN沉积物碳含量建模结果中,多融合光谱结果优于两个单光谱仪,RPD值为2.235。将多光谱融合后的光谱划分多个波段,分别建立沉积物碳含量模型,寻找沉积物碳的特征波段。通过分析多光谱融合各波段模型结果,560～790 nm的建模效果最好,R2_c为0.949,RMSEC为0.550,R2_p为0.874,RMSEP为0.733,RPD值为2.823。预测效果相较于光谱仪1、光谱仪2、多光谱融合全波段都有了显著的提高。因此采用多融合光谱特征波段建立海洋沉积物碳含量模型,能够提高海洋沉积物碳含量的预测结果,建立准确度更高的沉积物碳模型,为沉积物碳的快速测定打下基础。     

Study of the Contents and Speciation of Heavy Metals in River sediments By Factor Analysis

Abstract

Heavy metals Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni and Co from two spanish river sediments have been determined by voltammetric techniques, along with % CaCO₃ and % organic matter, and the whole data set examined by means of Factor Analysis, finding a different behaviour of the metals in each river.

Heavy metal speciation in the sediments was carried out by using the Tessier's scheme: Zn and Pb were mainly associated to ‘reducible phases’, Cd and Cu bound to ‘organic matter and sulphides’, and Ni and Co were distributed between the above fractions. The ‘residual’ metals were used as pollution indicators from the rivers, finding a similar behaviour to other industrialized river systems.     

An Electrochemical Determination of Uric Acid in Sera by a Flow-Through Equipment with and Without Uricase

Abstract

A comparison of an enzymeless direct electrochemical oxidation procedure at a platinum electrode for the determination of uric acid, and an enzyme sensor with immobilized urate: oxygen oxidoreductase (uricase), was performed in flow stream systems. The uricase enzyme electrode is based on the H₂O₂ oxidation current. Both amperometric methods were related to the wall-known photometric uricase-catalase-procedure (UCM) as a reference method. The measured values of both methods are of the first derivatives of current change (dI/dt) due to the electrochemical or electrochemical enzymatic reaction, respectively. The analytical quality of the measurements is characterized by: precision s% within run < 2% day to day < 5% accuracy acceptable (control materials) correlation to reference method r >0.93 analysis rate 80 samples/hr     

Spectral method for vorticity‐stream function form of Navier–Stokes equations with slip boundary conditions

In this paper, we propose a spectral method for the vorticity‐stream function form of the Navier–Stokes equations with slip boundary conditions. The numerical solutions fulfill the incompressibility and the physical boundary conditions automatically. The stability and convergence of the proposed methods are proven. Numeric results demonstrate the efficiency of suggested algorithm. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

二维耦合Logistic映射的动力学性质及在流密码生成中的应用

本文研究了带二次耦合项的二维Logistic映射的性质和分岔行为,数值模拟了混沌的生成过程．若控制一个参数值近似为1,则产生近乎满的混沌区．这种混沌区产生的随机序列所生成的流密码具有很好的0-1分布、高线性复杂性、密钥敏感性等．最后给出了用于保密通信的模型．