Identification of sterene compounds produced during the processing of edible oils

Samples of maize, rapeseed, soyabean, sunflower, and palm oils, collected at different stages in their respective refining processes, have been analyzed for the presence of dehydrated sterols (sterenes). A total of fifteen compounds were detected. Four have been characterized using model systems designed to investigate their formation. Their elemental composition, and that of the other eleven sterenes, was determined by high resolution mass spectrometry and structures assigned to a further six compounds. These included the -3,5-, -2,5-, -4,6-,-3,5,22-, and -4,6,22- sterenes. Sterenes were not present in crude or alkali neutralized oils. Bleaching introduced a maximum concentration of 5 μg g^?1 of total sterenes into the edible oils. Deodorization is the dominant stage in sterene production resulting in a maximum total concentration of 163 μg g^?1. This increased concentration arises due to dehydration of the sterols and considerable isomerism of the sterenes.     

Structure of a New Diterpene Alcohol from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus sibirica</Emphasis> Buds

The newditerpene alcohol (1) in addition to the known metabolitesisoagatholal (2) and β-sitosterol glucoside (as the tetraacetate) (3) were isolated from buds of Siberian pine. The structure of the new compound was established as abieto-8(14)-en-18-ol 9α,13α-endoperoxide. __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 343–344, July–August, 2005.     

多羟基甾醇的合成及其结构与抗肿瘤细胞活性关系研究

报道了6个具有类似结构的多羟基甾醇的合成和它们的抗肿瘤细胞活性.发现此类化合物的细胞毒性与其分子中双键存在与否有着密切关系.当甾核或支链中双键被饱和时,其细胞毒性均明显降低.甾醇(5)和(8)对胃癌(MGC)、宫颈癌(HELA)细胞的生长具有一定的抑制作用.     

多羟基甾醇的合成及其结构与抗扣瘤细胞活性关系研究

报道了６个具有类似结构的多羟基甾醇的合成和它们的抗肿瘤细胞活性。发现此类化合物的细胞毒性与其分子中双键存在与否有着密切关系。当甾核或支链中双键被饱和时，其细胞毒性均明显降低。甾醇（５）和（８）对胃癌（ＭＧＣ）、宫颈癌（ＨＥＬＡ）细胞的生长具有一定的抑制作用。     

New oxidized sterols from Aspergillus awamori and the endo‐boat conformation adopted by the cyclohexene oxide system

Two new oxidized sterols 1 and 2 were obtained from the active fraction of a mangrove fungus Aspergillus awamori isolated from the soils around the mangrove plant Acrostichum speciosum. Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods as 22E‐7α‐methoxy‐5α,6α‐epoxyergosta‐8(14),22‐dien‐3β‐ol (1) and 22E‐3β‐hydroxy‐5α,6α,8α,14α‐diepoxyergosta‐22‐en‐7‐one (2). The NMR data and complete assignments for both DMSO‐d₆ and CDCl₃ were given. Their cytotoxic activity against A549 cell line was evaluated. Furthermore, the detailed conformation analysis for ring B (cyclohexene oxide system) of sterol 1 was given on the basis of NOEs. The endo‐boat conformation was considered as the preferred conformation for ring B rather than half‐chair conformation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Sterol composition of the macromycete fungus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Laetiporus sulphureus</Emphasis>

The sterol composition of macromycete fungus Laetiporus sulphureus was analyzed by GC-MS. The fungus contained mainly C16 to C20 fatty acids, C16 to C24 fatty acid ethyl esters, and C28, C29, and C30, Δ⁵, Δ⁷, and Δ^5,7 conventional sterols, and in minor amounts Δ⁰ analogues with saturated and unsaturated side chains. Moreover, ergosterol peroxide and cerevisterol were identified. This sterol pattern was compared with those of other members of the family Polyporaceae reported in the literature. Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 170–172, March–April, 2009.     

A new minor diketopiperazine from the sponge-derived fungus Simplicillium sp. YZ-11

Chemical investigation of the cultures of a sponge-derived fungus Simplicillium sp. YZ-11 led to the isolation of a new minor diketopiperazine alkaloid cyclo-(2-hydroxy-Pro-Gly) (1) and a natural lactone (S)-dihydro-5-[(S)- hydroxyphenylmethyl]-2(3H)-furanone (2), together with five known ergostane-type sterols (3–7). Their structures were established based on extensive spectroscopic methods (¹H and ¹³C NMR, ¹H-¹H COSY, HSQC and HMBC) and optical rotation analysis.     

Chemical Composition of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Silene viridiflora</Emphasis>

Neutral substances, carbohydrates, and microelements from the aerial part of Silene viridiflora in addition to the protein content and its amino-acid composition were determined. __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 365–366, July–August, 2005.     

Lipids, Lipophilic Components, and Biologically Active Fractions of Viburnum opulus L. Seeds

Methyl and triterpenyl fatty-acid esters and triterpenic acids are isolated and identified from seeds ofViburnum opulus(Caprifoliaceae). The biological activity of pigments and proteins is determined