Three new steroidal saponins from the rhizome of Paris polyphylla

A mixture of a pair of stereoisomeric new spirostanol saponins (1a and 1b) and a new cholestane saponin (2) were isolated from the rhizome of Paris pollyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis. Their structures were elucidated as (25R)-spirost-5-en-3beta, 7beta-diol-3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1a), (25R)-spirost-5-en-3beta, 7alpha-diol-3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1b) and 26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-Delta(5(6), 17(20))-dien-16, 22-dione-cholestan-3beta, 26-diol-3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2) by a combination of HR-ESI-MS, FAB-MS, 1D and 2D NMR techniques (including (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR, (1)H--(1)H COSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY).     

Design of original bioactive formulations based on sugar-surfactant/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory catanionic self-assemblies: a new way of dermal drug delivery

A new kind of catanionic assembly was developed that associates a sugar-based surfactant with a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Three different assemblies using indomethacin, ibuprofen and ketoprofen as NSAIDs were easily obtained in water by an acid-base reaction. These assemblies formed new amphiphilic entities because of electrostatic and hydrophobic effects in water and led to the spontaneous formation of vesicles. These catanionic vesicles were then tested as potential NSAID delivery systems for dermatological application. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in vivo, and this study clearly showed an improved therapeutic effect for NSAIDs that were formulated as catanionic vesicles. These vesicles ensured a slower diffusion of the NSAID through the skin. This release probably increased the time of retention of the NSAID in the targeted strata of the skin. Thus, the present study suggests that this catanionic bioactive formulation could be a promising dermal delivery system for NSAIDs in the course of skin inflammation treatment.     

去氧胆酸钠水溶液中4-二甲氨基查尔酮荧光的超常增强

类似于电子给体一受体取代的蔑类化合物,4-二甲基氨基查尔酮的光激发态包含E,A和P态。其中E和A态对应于TICT荧光体的LE和TICT态,而P态系由E态经双键扭转弛豫形成的双自由基态。     

新型甾体N,N-二甲基缩氨硫腙类化合物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

以乙醇（或甲醇为溶剂）,冰醋酸为催化剂,去氢表雄酮、孕烯醇酮、雌酮和3,5-二羟基-6-甲酰基-B-降胆甾烷分别与N,N-二甲基硫代氨基脲经缩合反应,合成了4个新型的具有不同甾核结构特征的甾体N,N-二甲基缩氨硫腙类化合物（1～4）,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR和HR-EI-MS表征。采用MTT法测定了1~4对肝癌细胞(HepG)、人鼻咽癌细胞(CNE-2)和人肾上皮细胞（HEK-293T）的体外抑制细胞生长增殖活性。结果表明：1~3对HepG和CNE-2具有明显的抑制活性。     

Parisaponin Ⅰ和Parisvietnaside A的NMR数据分析

从滇重楼中分离得到2个甾体皂苷,利用1H NMR、13C NMR、1H-1H COSY、HSQC、HMBC、1D和2D TOCSY等多种核磁共振方法鉴定其结构分别为(25R)-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-3β,22α,26-三羟基-呋甾-5-烯-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-[α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖基-(1→4)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1,Parisaponin I)和(25R)-3β,5α,6β-三羟基-△7-螺甾烯-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→3)-[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2,paris-vietnaside A).对化合物1和2的1H NMR和13C NMR信号分别进行了归属和详细分析,并纠正了文献中的核磁数据归属错误.化合物2为首次从滇重楼中分离得到.     

Novel Steroidal (6R)‐Spiro‐1,3,4‐thiadiazoline Derivatives as Anti‐bacterial Agents

Novel steroidal (6R)‐spiro‐1,3,4‐thiadiazoline derivatives have been synthesized by the cyclization of steroidal thiosemicarbazones. Thiosemicarbazones have been synthesized by the reaction of steroidal ketones with thiosemicarbazide. All the compounds have been characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, mass and elemental analyses. The antibacterial activities of these compounds have been first tested in vitro by the disk diffusion assay against two Gram‐positive and two Gram‐negative bacteria, and then the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values have been determined with the reference of standard drug amoxicillin. The results showed that steroidal thiadiazoline derivatives exhibited better antibacterial activity than the steroidal thiosemicarbazone derivatives. Chloro and acetoxy substituents on the 3β‐position of the steroidal thiadiazoline ring increased the anti‐bacterial activity. Among all the compounds, compounds 7 and 8 were found better inhibitors as compared to the respective drug amoxicillin.     

比卡鲁胺的合成

以2-甲基丙烯酸甲醋为起始原料，经氧化、与4-氟苯硫酚缩合、水解成α-羟基酸(Ⅳ)、Ⅳ再与2-三氟甲基-4-氨基苯腈在亚硫酰氯作用下缩合、最后经间氯过氧化苯甲酸氧化而合成比卡鲁胺。总收率为11．2％。     

Homo-cholestane glycosides from Solanum aethiopicum

The first naturally occurring steroidal glycosides, named aethiosides A, B and C, possessing a homo-cholestane skeleton with an aromatized ring E, were isolated from Solanum aethiopicum. They are presumably regarded to be derived from polyhydroxycholesterol by the conjugation of acetyl CoA or malonyl CoA.     

A New Furostanol Saponin from the Water-extract of Dioscorea nipponica Mak., the Raw Material of the Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine Wei Ao Xin

26-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-furost-5(6),20(22)-dien-3β,26-diol 1, a new furostanol saponin, was isolated from the water-extract of Dioscorea nipponica Mak., the raw material of a traditional Chinese herbal medicine Wei Ao Xin. The structure of 1 was determined on the basis of its spectral data especially by NMR spectroscopy. The result provides the first example of naturally occurring furostanol saponins with a single saccharide chain at the C-26 position.     

重楼皂甙提取工艺优化与近红外光谱在线质量控制

以滇重楼的根茎为实验材料，重楼甾体总皂甙的提取率为评价指标，运用L16（4^5）正交试验，考察了皂甙浸出过程中的浸泡时间、乙醇浓度、超声剂量、粗粉质量与浸泡用乙醇体积之比4个因素在4个水平下的工艺过程，筛选出了最佳提取工艺。实验结果表明：粗粉（0．45mm粒径）用30％的乙醇溶液浸泡36h后，超声30min，粗粉质量与（浸泡）乙醇的体积比1：15为最佳提取条仲，重楼甾体总皂甙的提取率为9．50％。以近红外漫反射光谱技术为在线监控手段，利用模式识别方法对AB-8树脂分离精制过程中的吸附、杂质洗脱和甾体总皂甙解吸洗脱等工艺过程进行了在线质量监控方法研究，建立了优化的质量可控的分离纯化方法。