The chemical synthesis of a cyclic oligosaccharide derivative with branching

A cyclic oligosaccharide derivative was synthesized by cationic ring-opening polymerization of an anhydrodisaccharide derivative under high vacuum in dichloromethane with 20 mol% of PF₅ as initiator. Analysis of the spectral results showed that the oligomer chain is composed of only 3 glucose units connected by -1,6 linkages with a glucopyranosyl branching unit at C-4 of each sugar residue in the main chain.     

聚合物载体－稀土金属络合物的研究ⅩⅤ．聚（苯乙烯－丙烯酰胺）载体－氯化钕络合物对异戊二烯聚合的催化行为

研究了聚（苯乙烯－丙烯酰胺）（ＰＳＡＣ）载体－氯化钕（ＮｄＣｌ３）络合物对异戊二烯（Ｉｐ）聚合的催化行为．ＰＳＡＣ·ＮｄＣｌ３络合物保留了小分子稀土催化剂对双烯烃聚合的催化规律和高度的定向效应．络合物的催化活性随着Ｎｄ／Ｉｐ和Ａｌ／Ｎｄ比的增加而增加，所得聚异戊二烯的特性粘数［η］却随之下降．聚异戊二烯的顺式－１，４结构含量达９５％．此外，ＰＳＡＣ·ＮｄＣｌ３络合物的活性受ＰＳＡＣ和ＰＳＡＣ·ＮｄＣｌ３的组成与结构的影响．在一定的条件下，络合物的活性随着ＰＳＡＣ中功能团含量的增加而下降．ＰＳＡＣ中单体链节交替分布的程度越低，络合物的活性越高     

Facile synthesis of exfoliated and highly conductive poly(arylene disulfide)/graphite nanocomposites

Exfoliated graphite has been synthesized by first synthesizing H₂SO₄ intercalated compound in a H₂O₂‐H₂SO₄ mixture, followed by exfoliation under microwave irradiation. Poly(arylene disulfide)/graphite nanocomposites were then fabricated by absorbing cyclic(arylene disulfide) oligomers into the pores of exfoliated graphite. Subsequently, the nanocomposite precursor was subjected to heat treatment to carry out the in situ ring‐opening polymerization of the oligomers via free radical mechanism. The as‐prepared nanocomposite exhibited a exfoliated nanostructure as evidenced by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation. The nanocomposite with a very small amount of graphite, 5 wt%, possesses a highly electrical conductivity of 4 S/cm, therefore, many applications can be found as conductive materials. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synthesis and characterization of perfluorohexylated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)

The perfluorohexylated 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene 5 was prepared via Mitsunobu reaction of perfluorohexylatyed diol 2 with diethyl 3,4-dihydroxythiophenedicarboxylate followed by decarboxylation. The polymerization of 5 was conducted with both oxidative chemical and electrochemical polymerizations. The polymers were characterized by cyclic voltammogram, UV, IR, TGA and DSC.     

极性介质中醋酸乙烯酯的辐照引发分散聚合

用钴 60γ射线引发醋酸乙烯酯的分散聚合 ,通过选择各种极性溶剂体系 ,确立了醋酸乙烯酯在极性介质中稳定的分散聚合体系 .对异丙醇 水体系 ,聚合物分子量随剂量率的降低、稳定剂含量的增加、单体浓度的增大、反应温度的升高以及醇水比的降低而增加 .运用XPS、元素分析等表征聚合物粒子 ,及通过辐射接枝理论的分析 ,可以判断稳定剂所起的稳定作用主要是以物理吸附为主     

(2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基)三甲基氯化铵-丙烯酰胺反相微乳液共聚合研究

采用SPAN-OP复合乳化剂和K_2S_2O_8-Na_2SO_3氧化还原引发剂,进行(2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基)三甲基氯化铵-丙烯酰胺的反相微乳液共聚合。测得单体的竞聚率r_(DM·MC)=1.11±0.16,r_(AM)=0.53±0.08。在单体总浓度为20—40％(wt),引发剂浓度为0.01—0.05％,乳化剂浓度为10—18％,聚合温度为299K的条件下,得到共聚反应动力学方程:R_p=k[M]~(1.07)[I]~(0.52)[E]~(0.90),文中对上述结果做了解释。     

Solid-State polymerization of the binary mixture of methacrylate and liquid-crystalline compound by electron beam

Solid-state polymerization of a binary mixture of nonliquid-crystalline monomer and liquidcrystalline compound was carried out using electron beam. The monomers were benzoic acid containing 4-[ω-(meth)acryloyloxyalkyloxy] benzoic acids, in which the alkylene spacer was ethylene, hexamethylene, or undecamethylene. The conversion yield of monomer to polymer to a large extent increased with increasing content of a liquid-crystalline compound with a terminal carboxylic group, such as 4-n-alkyloxybenzoic acid, while the addition of a liquid-crystalline compound without terminal carboxylic group did not affect polymerization of the monomer. Phase diagrams of the mixture of monomer and liquid-crystalline compound were examined using cross-polarizing microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). All mixtures of monomer and 4-n-alkyloxybenzoic acid or liquid-crystalline compound without terminal carboxylic group showed liquid-crystallinity in a broad composition range. It was concluded that liquid-crystalline compounds with terminal carboxylic acid may form hydrogen bondings with methacrylate or acrylate monomer having terminal carboxylic acid which enhance polymerizability of the mixture. The stereoregularity of polymers determined by NMR depended on increasing irradiation dose and temperature rather than the content of the added liquid-crystalline 4-n-decanoxybenzoic acid.     

偏氟乙烯的聚合反应

本文研究了用有机引发剂引发偏氟乙烯的水相聚合,并对制得的聚偏氟乙烯的性质进行了研究。有机引发剂引发聚合的聚偏氟乙烯的热稳定性、强度、结晶度和熔点均比用过硫酸盐引发聚合的聚偏氟乙烯高。     

大分子引发－转移－终止剂

大分子引发－转移－终止剂杨文君，李俊柏，沈家骢（青岛化工学院橡塑工程研究所，青岛，２６６０４２）（吉林大学化学系，长春，１３００２３）关键词聚苯乙烯，聚丙烯酰胺，嵌段共聚，扩链反应，引发－转移－终止剂含有二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸基的有机硫化物或大分子，在...     

数均聚合度计算的教学方法

总结毛者提出的线型缩聚中当量系数的新定义及引入缩聚体系单体平均官能度的新方法，本文总结出了一套讲授数均聚合度计算问题的简单方法。