多值测试诊断策略优化设计

针对电子系统中多值测试条件下的测试排序问题,提出了一种诊断策略优化方法。首先,以相关性矩阵模型为基础,将已有的二值测试的优化算法同多值测试问题相结合,提出了适用于多值测试的基于霍夫曼编码的启发式函数;其次,将平均测试代价最小和平均测试步骤最少作为优化目标,采用与或树启发式搜索算法生成诊断树,得到多值测试的诊断策略,并给出了诊断策略优化方法的具体实现步骤;最后,将其应用到航空设备的实例中。结果表明提出的基于霍夫曼编码的与或树启发式搜索算法是可行的,其生成的诊断树是最优的,比基于信息熵的与或树启发式搜索算法具有更小的平均测试代价和更少的平均测试步骤。     

树的Nordhaus-Gaddum类型谱半径的排序

给出了n阶树的Nordhaus-Gaddum类型谱半径即图及其补图的谱半径之和的可达上界:ρ(T) ρ(Tc)≤■ n-2,等号成立当且仅当T K1,n-1,其中Tc为T的补图,K1,n-1为n阶星图.同时证明了对于n阶双星图S(a,b)的Nordhaus-Gaddum类型谱半径随a的值单调上升,其中[n-1/2]≤a≤n-3.     

Nutraceutical Role of Polyphenols and Triterpenes Present in the Extracts of Fruits and Leaves of Olea europaea as Antioxidants,Anti-Infectives and Anticancer Agents on Healthy Growth

There is currently a worldwide consensus and recognition of the undoubted health benefits of the so-called Mediterranean diet, with its intake being associated with a lower risk of mortality. The most important characteristics of this type of diet are based on the consumption of significant amounts of fruit, vegetables, legumes, and nuts, which provide, in addition to some active ingredients, fiber and a proportion of vegetable protein, together with extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) as the main sources of vegetable fat. Fish and meat from poultry and other small farm animals are the main sources of protein. One of the main components, as already mentioned, is EVOO, which is rich in monounsaturated fatty acids and to a lesser extent in polyunsaturated fatty acids. The intake of this type of nutrient also provides an important set of phytochemicals whose health potential is widely spread and agreed upon. These phytochemicals include significant amounts of anthocyanins, stilbenes, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenes of varying complexities. Therefore, the inclusion in the diet of this type of molecules, with a proven healthy effect, provides an unquestionable preventive and/or curative activity on an important group of pathologies related to cardiovascular, infectious, and cancerous diseases, as well as those related to the metabolic syndrome. The aim of this review is therefore to shed light on the nutraceutical role of two of the main phytochemicals present in Olea europaea fruit and leaf extracts, polyphenols, and triterpenes, on healthy animal growth. Their immunomodulatory, anti-infective, antioxidant, anti-aging, and anti-carcinogenic capabilities show them to be potential nutraceuticals, providing healthy growth.     

中高分辨力遥感图像中飞机目标自动识别算法研究

提出了一种中高分辨力的航空航天遥感图像中飞机目标快速自动识别的新算法。在分割和分类过程中充分利用飞机目标的先验知识,提出了一种改进区域分割方法,并应用树分类器对飞机目标进行自动识别。所提出的改进区域分割方法较好地实现了区域分割中阈值的准确自动选取,克服了复杂背景图像中小目标的全局阈值自动分割的失效问题。采用二叉树分类器,通过提取简单的目标几何特征,分层进行种类识别,提高了识别速度,降低了漏检率和虚警率。运用该方法进行了实验。结果表明,识别率达到了100%。     

果树种植最佳土地租赁期的数学模型建构

以种植果树为例,根据果树种植的客观规律,引进折扣因子δ=U-α,给出了通过确定投资合同期使利润达到最大的数学模型,并进行了讨论和推广.     

关于两个图的一类新连接图的谱

给定2个图G1和G2,设G1的边集E(G1)={e1,e2,?,em1},则图G1⊙G2可由一个G1,m1个G2通过在G1对应的每条边外加一个孤立点,新增加的点记为U={u1,u2,?,um1},将ui分别与第i个G2的所有点以及G1中的边ei的端点相连得到,其中i=?1,2,?,m1。得到：（i）当G1是正则图,G2是正则图或完全二部图时,确定了G1⊙G2的邻接谱（A-谱）。（ii）当G1是正则图,G2是任意图时,给出了G1⊙G2的拉普拉斯谱（L-谱）。（iii）当G1和G2都是正则图时,给出了G1⊙G2的无符号拉普拉斯谱（Q-谱）。作为以上结论的应用,构建了无限多对A-同谱图、L-同谱图和Q-同谱图;同时当G1是正则图时,确定了G1⊙G2支撑树的数量和Kirchhoff指数。     

关于无套利市场的二叉树期权定价模型性质的讨论

本文讨论了二叉树期权市场的无套利条件,引入有随机因素存在的二叉树欧式期权定价模型,并推出单阶段、多阶段情况下欧式期权的计算公式,证明了多阶段市场未定权益的重要性质.     

Identification tree based on fragmentation rules for structure elucidation of organophosphorus esters by electrospray mass spectrometry

Organophosphorus compounds have played important roles as pesticides, chemical warfare agents and extractors of radioactive material. Structural elucidation of phosphonates poses a particular challenge because their initial forms can be hydrolyzed, thus, degradation products may predominate in samples acquired in the field. The analysis of non‐volatile organophosphorus compounds and their degradation products is possible using electrospray tandem mass spectrometry ESI‐MS/MS. Here, we present a generic strategy that allows the unambiguous identification of substituents for two families of organophosphorus compounds: the phosphonates and phosphates. General fragmentation rules were deduced based on the study of decomposition pathways of 55 organophosphorus esters, including examples found in the literature. Multistage MS (MSⁿ) experiments at high resolution in a hybrid mass spectrometer provide accurate mass measurements, whereas collision‐induced dissociation experiments in a triple quadrupole give access to small fragment ions. The creation of a specific nomenclature for each possible structure of organophosphorus compound, depending on the alkyl side chain linked to the oxygen, was achieved by applying these fragmentation rules. This led to the creation of an ‘identification tree’ based upon the unique consecutive decomposition pathways uncovered for each individual compound. Hence, seven structural motifs were created that orient an unequivocal identification using the ‘identification tree’. Despite the similar structures of the ensemble of phosphate and phosphonate esters, distinct identifications based upon characteristic neutral losses and diagnostic fragment ions were possible in all cases. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

虾肝肠胞虫感染病理特征、18S rRNA基因序列及系统进化树分析

为调查浙江省部分地区虾肝肠胞虫(Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei,EHP)暴发来源及与其他宿主来源的微孢子虫进化关系,本研究利用形态学特征和分子鉴定,尝试对引起浙江多地凡纳对虾生长缓慢综合征的病原进行探究.同时基于18S rRNA基因序列分析该病原与其他地区及其他宿主来源微孢子虫的进化关系.结果显...     

出生率与年龄段有关的生灭分枝树

本文基于生灭过程的生灭演化机理, 将生物繁衍过程描述为有向随机图过程-随机分枝树, 建立了出生率与年龄段有关的生灭分枝树演化模型. 本文研究了任一节点在不同年龄及临死时刻的出度分布、虚出度分布和拟出度分布, 并证明了拟出度过程是随机时刻终止的Poisson过程, 讨论了首生年龄及相对出生年龄的分布, 给出了任一节点成为孤立节点的概率.