Southern galactic plane CO survey

Preliminary results are presented for a survey of J=1–0¹²CO emission being carried out at 3 arc intervals along the southern galactic plane in the range 294°358°, –0°.075b0°.075. The longitude-velocity distribution shows well-defined terminal velocities, and is similar to the distribution at corresponding longitudes north of the galactic centre. However, the radial distribution of CO suggests that the southern CO, while concentrated inside the solar circle as in the north, is on the average located about 500 pc further from the galactic centre. Limited estimates of cloud sizes and masses suggest ranges greater than those deduced in previous surveys.On leave from University of British Columbia Vancouver, B.C.     

Composition of essential oil from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Artemisia glauca</Emphasis> from western Siberia

The composition of essential oil from Artemisia glauca (Asteraceae) growing in southern Siberia was studied. More than 60 oil components consisting of 99.0–99.7% of the total volatile components were identified by GC—MS by comparison of full mass spectra and retention times. The main components of the essential oil were acetylene derivatives of capillene (11–60%) and benzyldiacetylene (1–31%). Other acetylene derivatives such as capillin, (E)-hex-4-en-2-ynylbenzene, 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,4-pentadiyne, and capillarin were also identified in the oil. __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 446–449, September–October, 2007.     

Plutonium fractionation in southern Baltic Sea sediments

In this study, different chemical plutonium fractions (dissolved in water, connected to carbonates, connected to oxides, complexed with organic matter, mineral acids soluble and the rest) in sediments from the Vistula River estuary, the Gdańsk Basin and the Bornholm Deep were determined. The distribution of ^239+240Pu in analysed sediments samples was not uniform but dependent on its chemical form, depth and the sediment geomorphology. The highest amount of plutonium exists in middle parts of sediments and comes from the global atmospheric fallout from nuclear tests in 1958–1961. According to all analysed fractions, the biggest amount of ^239+240Pu was in the mobile form, connected to carbonate fractions from the Vistula River estuary, the Gulf of Gdańsk and the Bornholm Deep sediments.     

大气环流变化时南北半球、东西半球 对流层与平流层研究

本文利用 1979年 FGGEⅢ b资料研究了 1 ～ 7月对流层大气环流季节变化及变化期间南北半 球、东西半球、对流层与平流层之间的关系 . 分析指出: 对流层季节变化的量变是从 3月底、4月初开始 的 . 平流层的爆发性增温使这一量变过程提前了 ;北半球大气环流的季节变化都与南半球的环流变化相 联系 ,反之亦然. 平流层的任何一次环流变化都为对流层的季节变化提供了量的积累. 平流层是变化的 主要方面 .     

AN ADAPTIVE LEARNING FRAMEWORK FOR FORECASTING SEASONAL WATER ALLOCATIONS IN IRRIGATED CATCHMENTS

Abstract This paper describes an adaptive learning framework for forecasting end‐season water allocations using climate forecasts, historic allocation data, and results of other detailed hydrological models. The adaptive learning framework is based on artificial neural network (ANN) method, which can be trained using past data to predict future water allocations. Using this technique, it was possible to develop forecast models for end‐irrigation‐season water allocations from allocation data available from 1891 to 2005 based on the allocation level at the start of the irrigation season. The model forecasting skill was further improved by the incorporation of a set of correlating clusters of sea surface temperature (SST) and the Southern oscillation index (SOI) data. A key feature of the model is to include a risk factor for the end‐season water allocations based on the start of the season water allocation. The interactive ANN model works in a risk‐management context by providing probability of availability of water for allocation for the prediction month using historic data and/or with the incorporation of SST/SOI information from the previous months. All four developed ANN models (historic data only, SST incorporated, SOI incorporated, SST‐SOI incorporated) demonstrated ANN capability of forecasting end‐of‐season water allocation provided sufficient data on historic allocation are available. SOI incorporated ANN model was the most promising forecasting tool that showed good performance during the field testing of the model.