Influence of thermal and thermo-mechanical treatment

Two lipids with similar melting ranges but of different composition were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. The lipids were processed via extrusion or were tempered at different temperatures; they were analyzed directly after extrusion and after storage at 40°C. Precirol ATO 5® showed high sensitivity to storage time and varied temperature exposure. Extrusion showed only marginal influences on the solid state. Melting peaks were narrower and shifted to higher temperatures in comparison to the untreated powder. Dynasan 114® was more robust, changes in the solid state could only be shown for samples treated above the melting range. Thus, Dynasan 114® is more appropriate for solid lipid extrusion of pharmaceutical products.     

Fiber-in-Tube Solid Phase Extraction (FIT-SPE) for Miniaturized Sample Preparation Process

A typical analytical separation procedure has several important steps: sample preparation, isolation, identification, quantitation, statistical evaluation and final decision. Each step is alwayscritical to obtain correct results to fulfill the analytical purpose. In these various steps sample     

胍类化合物的合成进展

胍类化合物是精氨酸残体的一部分，它在具有生物活性的蛋白质、肽中起着重要作用，从天然产物分离得到的胍类化合物大部分具有生理活性，如抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗艾滋病等。所以，在温和条件下高产率的合成胍类化合物显得非常重要。本文综述了胍类化合物的合成进展。参考文献32篇。     

NOx在固体电解质电解池上的电化学消除

 综述了近年来利用固体电解质电解池消除NO的研究进展．重点总结了电化学消除NO研究体系、电化学消除NO分解机制、O2－在固体电解质电解池中传导的控速步骤、电极种类和形态对NO分解性能的影响以及直流与交流电作用的差异等几个方面的研究结果．在RuO2—Ag—YSZ—Pd电解池上实现的NO选择性分解是迄今为止的最佳结果，500℃下NO的转化率为31．8％，NO的分解活性是O2的分解活性的13倍．该领域今后研究的主要方向是，进一步提高NO分解相对于共存O2离子化的选择性、降低O2－在阴极界面处的传导阻力和探寻可在更低温度传导O2－的新的固体电解质     

杯芳烃的配位化学──Ⅳ.对叔丁基杯[8]芳烃与钙、镉配合物的合成与表征

本文合成了对叔丁基杯[8]芳烃(H₈L)与钙、镉的固体配合物。并以元素分析、核磁共振、热谱、红外谱、紫外谱等进行表征。其配合物的组成分别为Ca(H₆L)·6dmf及Cd(H₆L)·6dmf.     

低温陈化法制备SO_4~(2-)/WO_3-TiO_2固体超强酸及性能研究

0引言固体超强酸的研制是近20年来催化领域中的热点研究课题之一。起初,人们所研制的SO42-/MxOy型固体超强酸中,MxOy多为ZrO2。近年来,研究者们为得到高酸强度和高催化活性的固体超强酸催化剂,以ZrO2为主体,引入第二组分、第三组分组成复合型催化剂,这方面的研究者颇多[1~4],也     

Solid state reactions of nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds(Ⅰ)——Solid state reactions of 3-methyl-l-phenyl-5-pyrazolone with carbonyl compounds

The solid state reaction of 3-methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone (MPP) with aromatic aldehydes and ke-tones benzil derivatives and imides,and the solid state Michael addition reaction of MPP with 4-arylidene-3-methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrnzolone 2 were investigated.Some new solid state reactions between the reactants were found,from which a series of new compounds were obtained The structures of the products were identified by IR,1H NMR,MS,elemental analyses and also by X-ray crystal analysis,and the reaction mechanism of MPP with aromatic aldehydes and ketones was proposed     

碳化钨负载S2O8^2-/ZrO2固体超强酸催化剂上的正戊烷反应研究

首次研究了碳化钨负载S2 O2 -8 ZrO2 (PSZ)固体超强酸催化剂 (WC PSZ)上正戊烷的反应情况及影响催化剂活性的各种因素 ,并用GC MS ,XRD ,BET等手段分析了正戊烷反应产物和催化剂的物理化学性质等 .结果表明 :WC PSZ对正戊烷具有异构化和裂解的双重催化作用 .PSZ在负载适量碳化钨后对正戊烷反应的活性和选择性显著提高 ,显示出优于Pt PSZ催化剂的效果 ,碳化钨的负载量为 2 0 %的效果最佳 .适当的焙烧、活化和反应温度等条件是取得良好反应效果的关键     

芳亚甲基丙二腈、芳亚甲基氰乙酰胺的固相合成

芳醛和丙二腈、氰乙酰胺在NH4Ac催化下经固相反应高产率的得到芳亚甲基丙 二腈和芳亚甲基氰乙酰胺。     

Development of a novel laboratory scale high solids reactor for anaerobic digestion of processed municipal solid wastes for the production of methane

Economic evaluations of the capital costs for anaerobic digestion systems for gas production show that the reactor is a significant cost component. The successful application of high solids digestion of processed MSW (e.g., greater than 10% solids within the digester) would allow a decrease in reactor volume with maintenance of relatively high gas production rates. However, high solids slurries do not mix well in conventional stirred tank reactors. A horizontal shaft, hydraulically driven reactor was designed and fabricated to test the anaerobic digestion of high solids concentrations. Digester performance was evaluated as a function of experimental parameters such as nutrient requirements, feeding rates, pH control, and agitator design/ rotation speed; horsepower of mixing was also evaluated for the reactor. Several startup protocols were examined to obtain a biologically stable anaerobic fermentation at high solids levels.