mPEG-b-PLGA胶束薄膜的制备及其摩擦学行为研究

采用层层组装(layer by layer,LBL)方法,以氢键结合方式,将聚乙二醇-b-聚乳酸聚乙醇酸(mPEG-b-PLGA)胶束与聚丙烯酸(PAA)层层交替沉积到硅基底上,分别用接触角测量仪,椭圆偏光测厚仪,X光电子能谱及原子力显微镜等对聚合物胶束自组装薄膜的结构进行了表征,用UMT-2对薄膜的摩擦学特性进行了表征.沉积到基底表面的胶束薄膜能够稳定附着,且具有良好的减摩效果,有望作为导尿管或体内植入器件表面的抗炎、润滑多功能涂层.     

高分子纳米材料与血浆蛋白的相互作用

由于纳米材料具有独特的物理和化学性能,使其在许多领域被广泛应用。纳米材料使用的日益增多要求我们仔细评估其难以预料的毒性（细胞毒性、溶血毒性、血液毒性和免疫毒性）和生物学相互作用。到目前为止,已有大量的研究旨在探索纳米材料与人的细胞或蛋白之间的相互作用,也取得了一些重要成果。在临床应用中,有些生物医用纳米材料常通过静脉注射、渗透、溶解和扩散等方式引入到血液组织中。血液是一种高度复杂的组织,主要由红细胞、白细胞、血小板和血浆组成。其中血浆是一个复杂的体液,它包含超过3700种不同的蛋白质。无论采用哪种方式,这些纳米材料将不可避免地会与丰富的血浆蛋白（或其他血液成分）发生某种联系和相互作用。然而,纳米材料和血浆蛋白之间的相互作用,可能在决定纳米材料的毒性方面起到至关重要的作用。目前对纳米材料与血浆蛋白（或其他血液成分）在分子水平会发生怎样的相互作用知之甚少。本文主要综述了典型的三类高分子纳米材料（包括聚阳离子,高分子胶束和药物（基因）/载体复合纳米粒子）与血浆蛋白的相互作用以及研究这些相互作用相关的分析技术的研究进展,这些内容对体内使用的纳米材料的分子设计和血液安全性非常重要。     

二嵌段共聚物薄膜模板化自组装

用实空间自洽场理论研究了二嵌段共聚物薄膜受限于平行板中的模板化自组装情况.通过改变平行板表面场修饰的情况,给出了粗略微观结构,观察了体系微相结构的变化过程,并对所观察到的变化规律作了讨论.另一方面,固定平行板的厚度、相分离强度等参数,改变吸附表面场的大小,观察并讨论了体系微相结构的变化及其规律.结果表明,二嵌段共聚物体系的微相结构是由受限条件和表面场修饰共同所决定的,因而控制表面场修饰情况的相关参数可以得到所期望的特定高分子体系结构.     

磷光客体三重态能级对基于PVK主体的电致发光器件的影响

将磷光客体掺入PVK:PBD主体材料中是获得高效率磷光电致发光器件 (PhPLED)的有效途径.然而,分别掺杂Ir(pppy)₃、Ir(F-pppy)₃和Ir(F₂-pppy)₃三种磷光客体的PhPLED器件性能件却显著不同.我们分别模拟主-客体间能量转移和客体直接捕获电子空穴对两种机制,研究了三种客体材料的磷光发射及其衰减过程.研究表明:平衡的载流子注入和客体高效率的载流子捕获是实现Ir-配合物掺杂的PhPLED器件性能优良的主要机制,PVK较低的三重态能级使其无法成为蓝光磷光电致发光器件的主体,在PVK中掺入PBD的方法,则进一步降低了主体材料的三重态能级,这是蓝光磷光电致发光器件运行效率较低的主要原因.本文的研究结果可为高分子磷光电致发光器件的制备技术和新型磷光主体的设计提供参考.     

基于小波滤波的低场NMR纤维上油率检测新方法

针对目前低场核磁共振纤维上油率检测存在的问题,提出了一种基于小波变换的纤维上油率检测新方法. 首先,用低场核磁共振采集标准纤维自由感应衰减信号进行线性拟合得到定标曲线;然后,用测试纤维采集多组叠加次数不同的核磁共振信号,并分别进行小波软阈值滤波;最后,将滤波后的多组结果代入定标曲线计算纤维的上油率. 检测结果和实际应用表明小波软阈值滤波可有效去除纤维FID信号中的噪声并大幅缩短检测时间. 此方法可为低场核磁共振纤维上油率快速、准确检测奠定基础.     

Computer Study of Stimuli-Responsive Polyelectrolyte Micelles in Aqueous Media. Comparison of Monte Carlo and Self-Consistent Field Approaches

The behavior of polyelectrolyte micelles with kinetically frozen hydrophobic cores in aqueous solutions was studied by Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and self-consistent field (SCF) calculations. Some results have already been published. The structure of water-soluble shells formed by weak polyelectrolytes, both pure and containing a low fraction of strongly hydrophobic units arranged either in a short sequence or distributed uniformly in the shell-forming chains was studied in detail. In the case of sequenced system, the analysis of concentration profiles of individual species reveals strong segregation and important self-organization of hydrophobic units in the shell. A comparison and critical analysis of results of MC and SCF methods is presented.     

Curvature effect on droplet impacting onto hydrophobic and superhydrophobic spheres

Droplet impact on hydrophobic and superhydrophobic solid surfaces finds numerous applications, while the wide range of the parameters affecting its outcome necessitate a thorough study to reveal the underlying physics. Specific applications are related to the drop impact upon curved surfaces, such as micro-encapsulation in fluidized beds. Three-dimensional numerical simulations by applying Level-Set Method have been performed to investigate the water droplet impact on curved and flat hydrophobic and superhydrophobic substrates. Parameters such as the impact Weber number, the surface curvature and the equilibrium contact angle have been varied in order to assess their effects on the dynamics of the impact process. After providing a strong validation, it is found that impact on spherical surfaces generally presents a higher area of liquid to be in contact with the substrate with respect to the case of flat surfaces, when all other impact conditions are the same.     

Collective motion of active particles in environmental noise

We study the collective motion of active particles in environmental noise, where the environmental noise is caused by noise particles randomly diffusing in two-dimensional space. We show that active particles in a noisy environment can self organize into three typical phases: polar liquid, band, and disordered gas states. In our model, the transition between band and disordered gas states is discontinuous. Giant number fluctuation is observed in the polar liquid phase. We also compare our results with the Vicsek model and show that the interaction with noise particles can stabilize the band state to very low noise condition. This band structure could recruit most of the active particles in the system, which greatly enhances the coherence of the system. Our findings of complex collective behaviors in environmental noise help us to understand how individuals modify their self-organization by environmental factors, which may further contribute to improving the design of collective migration and navigation strategies.     

F-127作为模板剂合成微孔-介孔SAPO-11分子筛及其在长链烷烃异构化中的应用

在常规水热法合成SAPO-11的基础上,添加适量F-127作为软模板构造介孔结构,成功合成出了SAPO-11分子筛微介复合体.考察了F-127添加量对分子筛内部的孔道结构的影响,并通过XRD、N2吸附-脱附曲线、SEM和Py-FTIR等途径对催化剂进行表征.以正十二烷为原料,对负载Pt金属的SAPO-11分子筛进行临氢异构化反应性能评价.结果表明:添加F-127的分子筛内部出现了明显的介孔结构,并且随着F-127添加量的增加,分子筛的介孔孔容呈先增大后减小的趋势;异构化反应结果表明催化剂活性位的数量与分子筛介孔孔容有关;随着温度的升高,异构烷烃转化率升高,异构烃收率下降.催化剂的异构化转化率伴随着F-127的添加量的增加而降低,F-127添加量在一定范围内的增加可使异构烃收率得到提高.在F-127添加量为10;时,异构烃收率达到最高为57.62;.     

Dielectric properties of a wide-temperature ferroelectric phase in a fluorinated compound

ABSTRACT

A broad-frequency dielectric spectroscopy (100 Hz to 10 MHz) was used to investigate newly synthesized fluorinated compound. This compound exhibits a wide-temperature ferroelectric phase. Due to the fact that the compound does not crystallize at temperatures available in our DSC equipment, additional measurements were done at the very low temperatures (down to ?100 °C) to find the crystallization temperature. Finally, we did not manage to crystallize the investigated compound. Compound under studies seems to be overcooled. Observed dielectric modes are described and their parameters are shown in this paper. Additionally, DC field influence on dielectric response is shown and analyzed here. Both modes observed at the low temperature are recognized as the molecular ones.