耐盐性聚丙烯酸盐类高吸水树脂的制备

耐盐性聚丙烯酸盐类高吸水树脂的制备宋彦凤，崔占臣，陈欣芳（吉林大学材料科学系长春１３００２３）关键词丙烯酸钠，丙烯酰胺，丙烯酸羟乙酯，共聚物，吸水树脂，耐酸性高吸水树脂是一种应用比较广的功能性高分子材料［１～５］．它的吸水率可高达几百倍乃至几千倍。但...     

选择性氧化含氰基的对硝基苯硫醚

选择性氧化含氰基的对硝基苯硫醚岳国仁，王建华，张正（南京大学化学系南京２１０００８）关键词含氰基硫醚，选择性氧化，四水合过硼酸钠据报道［１］对硝基苯磺酰基乙腈的合成，反应时间长，可采用四水合过硼酸钠（ＮａＢＯ３·４Ｈ２Ｏ）作为氧化剂，受到重视［２，３...     

肌苷制剂的高效液相色谱法测定

A high performance liquid chromatographic method was established for the determination of inosine intablet,capsule and injection. Sodium benzoate can also be determined.The mobile phase consists of a mixture ofmethanol-water,30:70(V/V).Metronidazole is used as the internal standard.The analytical column is Nucleosil C_(18),7μ.The average recoveries for inosine and sodium benzoate were 99.37±0.62%and 98.83±0.44%.     

沙丁胺醇在SDBS现场自组装膜与［BnMIM］PF6复合修饰碳糊电极上的电催化氧化及电分析方法

研究了沙丁胺醇(SAL)在表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)现场自组装膜与离子液体1-苄基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([BnMIM]PF6)复合修饰碳糊电极(SDBS-[BnMIM]PF6/CPE)上的电催化氧化行为和电化学动力学性质。实验结果表明,SDBS-[BnMIM]PF6/CPE对SAL的电化学氧化具有良好的催化作用。用循环伏安法(CV)和计时电流法(CA)测得SAL在SDBS-[BnMIM]PF6/CPE上的电极反应过程动力学参数。用方波伏安法(SWV)测得SAL氧化峰电流(Ipa)与其浓度在9.0×10-5～1.0×10-3mol.L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)为1.08×10-6mol.L-1。运用该方法对市售吸入用沙丁胺醇溶液中SAL的含量进行了测定,结果满意。     

铜（III）配合物-罗丹明6G体系流动注射化学发光法测定头孢米诺钠

在酸性条件下,头孢米诺钠对铜（III）配合物-硫酸-罗丹明6G化学发光体系有强烈的增敏作用,据此建立了流动注射化学发光法定量分析头孢米诺钠方法。头孢米诺钠浓度在2．0×10^-7-6．0×10^-6g／mL范围内与化学发光强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0．99969,检出限为1．4×10^-7g／mL。对2．0×10^-7g／mL头孢米诺钠水溶液进行11次平行分析,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1．69％。利用该方法对鸡血样品和头孢米诺钠针剂中头孢米诺钠的含量进行测定,加标回收率为90．2％～102．1％。     

荧光光度法直接测定环境水中苯酚和十二烷基苯磺酸钠的含量

本文研究了用荧光分光光度法直接测定环境水中苯酚和十二烷基苯磺酸钠（ＳＤＢＳ）二种水中污染物。在ｐＨ〉１１直接测定ＳＤＢＳ含量，波长为λｅｘ／λｅｍ＝２３０／２９５ｎｍ，检出限４．４ｎｇ／ｍＬ，线性范围０￣２．２μｇ／ｍｌ。在ｐＨ＝６，波长为λｅｘ／λｅｍ＝２３０／２９５ｎｍ，测得二者合量，从合量中减去ＳＤＢＳ含量即得苯酚含量，检出限４．０ｎｇ／ｍｌ，线性范围０￣０．８５μｇ／ｍＬ，回收率达９９％￣     

过碳酸钠-醋酸酐作用下的Baeyer-Villiger反应

在醋酸酐介质中, 过碳酸钠可以与酮进行Baeyer-Villiger反应, 将它们氧化成相应的酯。其中脂环酮的反应结果较好, 环内酯的产率约为80%。芳香酮除芳环被活化的以外, 效果欠佳。当反应施加超声辐射后可显著加快反应速度, 并对过碳酸钠的作用机理进行了讨论。     

苯亚磺酸钠在聚乙烯醇为粘合剂的光敏热成像材料中的化学增感

以水溶性聚乙烯醇(PVA)为粘合剂,以异位法制备的颗粒尺寸为100nm的AgBr乳剂作光敏元,考察了苯亚磺酸钠(SBS)的用量、增感时间和增感温度对光敏热成像(PTG)材料照相性能的影响.实验结果表明:分别增感硬脂酸银(AgSt)、AgBr或者两者混合物,PTG材料均可取得明显的增感效果;灰雾随着苯亚磺酸钠用量增加而增加;增感温度以及增感时间不同,PTG材料的感光度不同.     

Effect of concentration on surfactant micelle shapes —A molecular dynamics study

Many aspects of the behavior of surfactants have not been well understood due to the coupling of many different mechanisms. Computer simulation is, therefore, attractive in the sense that it can explore the effect of different mechanisms separately. In this paper, the shapes, structures and sizes of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) micelles under different concentrations in an oil/water mixture were studied via molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using a simplified atomistic model which basically maintains the hydrophile and lipophile properties of the surfactant molecules. Above the critical micellar concentration (cmc), surfactant molecules aggregate spontaneously to form a wide variety of assemblies, from spherical to rodlike, wormlike and bilayer micelles. Changes in their ratios of the principle moments of inertia (g₁/g₃, g₂/g₃) indicated the transition of micelle shapes at different concentrations. The aggregation number of micelle is found to have a power-law dependence on surfactant concentration.     

Electrochemical lithium and sodium intercalation into TaFe1.25Te3

Lithium and sodium have been topotactically inserted in the lattice of TaFe_1.25Te₃ by electrochemical procedures. The existence of electronically unequivalent sites occupied by tellurium atoms conditions a two-step insertion process. In each step, the alkali metal ions occupy empty sites in the structure which are coordinated by tellurium atoms of a different set of sites. The␣thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of Li _x TaFe_1.25Te₃ and Na _x TaFe_1.25Te₃ have been determined and compared with other inserted binary and ternary chalcogenides. The values of the free energy of intercalation are less negative than those previously reported for TaTe₂ and close to those found for the misfit layer compound (PbS)_1.13TaS₂. The values of alkali metal ion diffusivity are closer to those reported for the binary telluride, due to the similarities in the atoms exposed to the interlayer space. Received: 14 October 1997 / Accepted: 14 November 1997