用新中间体合成头孢曲松钠

以二乙基硫代磷酰-（Z）-（2-氨基噻唑4-基）-甲氧酰胺-乙酸钠盐为中间体合成了头孢曲松钠,收率94．77％。保存2年后头孢曲松钠的含量平均下降0．4％,色级平均下降0．5号,质量稳定性较好。     

顶空气相色谱法测定地塞米松磷酸钠中有机溶剂的残留量

采用顶空气相色谱法测定地塞米松磷酸钠中甲醇、丙酮等有机溶剂的残留量。最佳平衡温度为50℃,最佳平衡时间为70min,甲醇、丙酮在3min内分离良好,线性相关系数分别为0、9996、0．9997,平均回收率分别为102．2％、101．3％,测定结果的相对标：住偏差分别为1．5％、1．8％（n=5）。     

聚天门冬氨酸合成过程中的水解反应

L-天门冬氨酸;;聚天门冬氨酸钠盐;聚丁二酰亚胺;水处理;阻垢作用;聚天门冬氨酸合成过程中的水解反应     

Na3La2(BO3)3的晶体结构

以Na2CO3-H3BO3-NaF为助熔剂,使用顶部籽晶法生长出Na3La2(BO3)3透明单晶.测定了Na3La2(BO3)3的晶体结构,该晶体属正交晶系,空间群:mm2(No.38),晶胞参数为a＝0.51580(10)nm,b=1.1350(2)nm,c=0.73230(15)nm,α＝β＝γ＝90°,V＝0.42871(15)nm3,密度:.053g/cm3.晶体结构中的硼氧基团是平面的BO3基团,BO3基团相互独立,且与Na(1)O6、Na(2)O8、Na(3)O6和La(1)O9配位多面体连结形成三维网络骨架结构.讨论了Na3La2(BO3)3的晶体结构与倍频效应的关系.     

高效液相色谱法直接拆分泮托拉唑钠对映体

首次使用Kromasil CHI-TBB手性柱在正相条件下直接拆分了泮托拉唑钠对映异构体,考察了流动相组成、酸碱调节剂用量以及流速对对映体分离的影响。优化后的分析条件为:流动相组成为正己烷-异丙醇-乙酸(体积比为95∶5∶0.1)混合溶液,流速2.0 mL/min,柱温25 ℃。所建立的方法具有柱效高、简便快捷及重复性好等优点。     

苛性碱、碳酸碱和全碱的同时流动注射分析

采用流动注射滴定技术实现了氧化铝生产过程中铝酸钠溶液中苛性碱、碳酸碱和全碱的同时自动分析。以磺基水杨酸为载流,它既为滴定剂又是铝的掩蔽剂;酚酞和甲基橙混合液为试剂流,它们是苛性碱、碳酸碱和全碱的指示剂。该法可测定６．２～３０．９ｇ／Ｌ的碳酸碱和３．１～１５．５ｇＬ的苛性碱（均以Ｎａ２Ｏ计）,测定速率３０个样／ｈ,标准标准偏差小于０．５％（ｎ＝１１,Ｎａ２Ｏ＝２１．９４ｇ／Ｌ）。     

Recent Progress of P2-Type Layered Transition-Metal Oxide Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted much attention due to their abundance, easy accessibility, and low cost. All of these advantages make them potential candidates for large-scale energy storage. The P2-type layered transition-metal oxides (Na_xTMO₂; TM=Mn, Co, Ni, Ti, Fe, V, Cr, and a mixture of multiple elements) exhibit good Na⁺ ion conductivity and structural stability, which make them an excellent choice for the cathode materials of SIBs. Herein, the structural evolution, anionic redox reaction, some challenges, and recent progress of Na_xTMO₂ cathodes for SIBs are reviewed and summarized. Moreover, a detailed understanding of the relationship of chemical components, structures, phase compositions, and electrochemical performance is presented. This Review aims to provide a reference for the development of P2-type layered transition-metal oxide cathode materials for SIBs.     

Untersuchungen der hepatischen Entgiftungskapazität klinisch gesunder Kindergartenkinder mit 15N-in-vivo-Tests

Es wird ein Vorschlag zur Systematik autoradiographischer Untersuchungen, verbunden mit dem Aufbau einer Datei Autoradiographie vorgestellt. Er sollte bei der Einschätzung von Möglichkeiten, Voraussetzungen und Leistungsgrenzen autoradiographischer Verfahren sowie bei der Planung autoradiographischer Versuche Hilfestellung geben und anregen, Ergebnisse autoradiographischer Untersuchungen nach einheitlichen Gesichtspunkten aufzubereiten und so einer Nachnutzung leichter zuzuführen. Die dargelegte Systematik wird kurz am Beispiel einer autoradiographischen Untersuchung zur Natriumdiffusion in Quarzglas erhlätert.     

Structural Designs for Accommodating Volume Expansion in Sodium Ion Batteries

At the forefront of energy storage field, developing sodium ion batteries (SIBs) has drew a wide concern due to relatively low cost and abundant resource, comparing with lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Serious volume expansion constraints the electrochemical performance of the conversion/alloying materials, despite of their high reversible capacities or theoretical capacities. Here, from the perspective of structural designs, we systematically study four types of routes to accommodate volume expansion. Delicate and peculiar nanostructures based on nanocrystallization engineering are widely focused on, covering nanosheet assembly and nanoarray construction. Robust materials such as carbon‐based materials can be utilized as the buffer matrix, mitigating the mechanical stress during the charge/discharge process. Besides, recent studies have demonstrated void space reservation in nanostructures was also beneficial for adapting to volume changes. Moreover, for conversion materials, numerous works have confirmed the advantageous influence of interlayer spacing regulation. We also explained the superiority and challenges for further giving scope to structural designs. Sketching out the future studies in SIBs, in situ characterizations are supposed to be highlighted, as well as in‐depth researches on the stress evolution caused by volume expansion.     

A method for the analysis of sucralose with electrospray LC/MS in recipient waters and in sewage effluent subjected to tertiary treatment technologies

A method for the analysis of the artificial sweetener sucralose in sewage water and recipient water was developed. Extraction and clean up was performed with solid-phase extraction utilising Oasis HLB columns. Detection was made by liquid chromatography electrospray mass spectrometry (LC/MS). The triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer was operated in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. However, ‘pseudo MRM’ was used, a technique where the two quadrupoles monitor the same m/z. The sodium adduct of sucralose was used for quantification, since lower detection limits were obtained as compared to the sucralose quasi-molecular ion in negative ion mode. The two ions with highest intensity in the chlorine isotope pattern were monitored. The reduction of matrix effects with this approach is discussed. The method limit of quantification (MLOQ) for sewage water was 0.2?µg?L^?1, whereas for recipient water MLOQ was 0.02?µg?L^?1. The method was used to analyse effluent samples from an experimental sewage treatment plant (STP) to assess the efficiency of tertiary treatment techniques for removal of sucralose. Filtration through activated carbon was shown to be efficient, while ozonation, advanced oxidation techniques and membrane bioreactors were less efficient. Analyses of receiving waters showed low dilution of sucralose emitted from the STPs.