压电材料在智能结构形状和振动控制中的应用

综述了压电材料在智能结构形状和振动控制中的应用．基于大量国内外有关压电介质的文献,对在分布的压电材料的表面建立力学特性与电学特性的一一对应关系,以及与之对应的分布感测、分布控制理论和混合控制理论,作了全面阐述．首先概述了研究压电材料的重要意义,然后介绍了压电本构关系和有关压电板壳的力学理论和控制理论．着重阐述了研究压电结构的数值方法与实验．展望了该领域今后的研究方向．     

复合材料层合板面内压阻效应层合理论研究

应用经典层合板理论和静电学理论,研究了正交异性介质的电导率,压导系数和压阻系数的特性,导出了Ｃａｕｃｈｙ应变空间中压阻系数与压导系之间的关系;建立了平面应力状态下层合板面内压阻效应的层合理论。     

也谈理想气体定义——兼对“理想气体的定义”一文质疑

主张为物质的理想模型下定义时要注意实验基础,在不同的数学阶段使用不同的理想气体定义,文中分析了从玻意耳－马略特定律导出焦耳定律某些方法的缺陷,指出了合理的证明方法。     

基于神经网络与光纤传感阵列的结构状态监测方法

以探测机敏复合材料与结构内应变、应力及损伤等物理状态的位置信息为目的．提出了一种新颖的可内埋于材料与结构内作为结构状态监测用的强度调制型光纤传感阵列网络,并采用人工神经网络来处理传感阵列输出的并行分布式传感信号,阐述了适用的Ｋｏｈｏｎｅｎ网模型及其变化形式,给出了仿真实验结果     

一种四面体网格局部自适应方法在有限元中的应用

通过提出一种针对三维四面体网格的区域整形技术,给出了一种简便实用的四面体网格局部自适应加密方法,并将其与流量修正有限元法结合,应用于三维高速流的计算     

Growth kinetics of CaF2 in a pH-stat fluidized-bed crystallizer

In this study, experiments were first conducted in a stirred vessel to establish the metastable region of calcium fluoride, using a pH-stat apparatus for controlling the pH value of solution. The effects of pH value on the solubility and metastable region were observed. Then, operating variables, including supersaturation, superficial velocity, pH value, seed size, and types of seed and solution, that influenced the crystal growth of the same system were investigated in a fluidized-bed crystallizer. The crystal growth rates were determined from the consumption rates of fluoride ions. The growth kinetics was explored by using the two-step growth model. The effectiveness factor was used to judge whether a controlling step was existing. The kinetics of crystal growth in a lean bed and a dense bed was also discussed.     

Fabrication of thermo-responsive polymer nanocomposites for smart window applications

Abstract

Thermo-responsive polymers have attracted much attention in recent years because they can provide a variety of applications for smart devices, but the lack of sufficient mechanical properties and late response rate of the polymers limit their applications. In the current work, we fabricated polymer nanocomposites made from poly(vinyl methyl ether) and nanofillers with photothermal conversion property such as graphene oxide, antimony tin oxide nanoparticles, and silver nanoplates. The prepared nanocomposites showed rapidly reversible and reliable transparent-opaque transitions during the repeated heating and cooling processes, suggesting that they can be applied to smart window applications.     

A Theory of Electron Transfer in Bridged and Supramolecular Systems

Expressions are derived for the tunnel electric current between two metals produced by the adiabatic transitions of the electrons through a bridge electron level. A new possible physical phenomenon is discussed, viz. electronically driven oscillations of the electron bridge level between two molecular wires.     

Brilliant cresyl blue as a new red region fluorescent probe for determination of nucleic acids

A fluorescence quenching method was developed for determination of microamounts of nucleic acids by using brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) as a new red region fluorescent probe. In aqueous hexylmethylene tetramine solution, BCB showed maximum excitation and emission wavelengths at 626 and 670 nm, respectively, and the fluorescence of BCB could be greatly quenched by DNA (or RNA). Under optimal conditions, the calibration graphs are linear over the range of 0.02–0.80 μg/ml for SM DNA and 0.25–1.5 μg/ml for yeast RNA. The corresponding detection limits are 7 ng/ml for SM DNA and 25 ng/ml for yeast RNA, respectively. SM DNA can be determinated in the presence of 40% (w/w) RNA, and the relative standard deviation of six measurements is 2.5% for 500 ng/ml SM DNA. The result of the determination of golden staphylococcus DNA by this method was satisfactory.     

Pt/Nafion膜制备的研究

采用还原剂渗透还原法制备了不同Pt载量的Pt/Nafion膜,并利用扫描电镜(SEM),X射线衍射分析(XRD)对反应不同时间制得的Pt/Nafion膜中的Pt在膜内及膜表面的生长情况进行了研究。实验发现:Pt在膜内及膜表面均能发生生长,且主要沉积在膜内靠近膜表面处的一段区间。采用KBH~4还原H~2PtCl~6有利于Pt(111)晶面的生长。分析不同反应时间的横截面及正面照片,提出了Pt生长的可能机理。