太赫兹波段折叠波导行波管的线性分析和计算

给出了太赫兹波段折叠波导行波管中考虑管壁欧姆损耗的带电子束扰动的色散方程。求解该方程可以得到器件中小信号增益的值。通过编制Matlab程序,分析计算了不同工作点、不同折叠波导结构参数和不同工作频段时小信号增益的变化特性。计算结果表明:适当选取工作点和结构参数,可以获得最佳增益值;考虑损耗后,除了前向增长的辐射场外,还会出现反向传输的静态波;随着工作频段向高频方向延伸,前向波的增益显著降低,而反向波强度则增大。因此,工作频率提高时,为了达到一定大小的增益,需要的折叠波导的周期数也相应增加。     

聚光型粗细调互补阳光信号采集器的研制

高准确度自动跟踪系统是太阳能聚光器必不可少的组成部分,而信号采集器能否精确可靠地采集到阳光照射方向的信号又是自动跟踪准确度的关键.本文提出了一种粗细调互补信号采集器的设计方案,在正常工作期间通过软件能够根据需要不断地自动调整选择二组光电传感器中其中一组输出的差模信号作为有效信号,从而有效地解决了大范围寻找太阳和高准确度跟踪之间的矛盾|而在此基础上改进为对聚光后的阳光信号进行采集的新结构,又彻底解决了光电传感器本身在光照强度很大时进入饱和区与光照强度很弱时输出的差模信号太小的问题,有效延长了聚光器在早晚时段的正常工作时间.据此原理制作的聚光型粗细调互补信号采集器应用于某公司的CPV型1200W砷化镓发电系统中,取得了很好的跟踪效果,其实际跟踪误差≤0.1°（立体角）.     

Optical Single-Sideband Modulators and Their Applications

We review our recent work in the implementation of optical single-sideband (OSSB) modulation and in the application of this modulation format to microwave photonics and optical testing systems. We have developed an enhanced OSSB modulator for wide-band operation, the so-called bidirectional OSSB modulator, and a simplification of this scheme for narrow-band applications. These OSSB modulators are based on the use of a standard single-electrode Mach-Zehnder electro-optic modulator (MZ-EOM) and passive fiber-optic components. In both designs, the OSSB operation is shown to be independent of the MZ-EOM bias. Therefore, the optical modulation depth at the output of the device can be enhanced using minimum transmission biasing to provide suppression of the optical carrier. Finally, we demonstrate the application of OSSB modulators to the improvement of microwave/millimeter-wave subcarrier multiplexing fiber-optic links and to narrow-band fiber radio systems. In addition, we analyzed the feasibility and the limitations of an optical vector network analysis technique based on OSSB modulation that can provide sub-picometer wavelength resolution.     

Dynamics of Single-Pulse Echo Signals under the Conditions of Zeeman Switching

The signals of a single-pulse echo (SE) generated on nonresonant excitation of an inhomogeneously broadened two-level system by a radio-frequency pulse (RFP), against the background of which a magnetic video pulse (MVP) of certain length has been switched on, have been described analytically. It is established that under the conditions of such excitation several SE signals are formed whose generation moments are determined by the duration and amplitudes of the RFP and MVP. The amplitudes of some of these signals depend on the Rabi frequency according to a quadratic law, and the amplitudes of others depend on this frequency according to a biquadratic law. It has been established that the mechanism underlying the appearance of these signals is associated with zero beats arising as a result of superposition of the magnetization fluctuations at variable frequencies and at a frequency of detuning from resonance. It is shown that in the limiting case, where the RFP duration considerably exceeds the duration of the MVP or is comparable with it, the number of SE signals decreases to two. Theoretical results on the formation of SE and the dependence of the amplitude of these signals on the MVP amplitude agree with the experimental data on NMR pulsed signals in ferromagnetic materials.     

Band bending at the conducting polymer/indium tin oxide interfaces with and without ultraviolet treatment

In this study, the effect of ultraviolet treatment on the band bending at the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(4-styrenesulfonate)/indium tin oxide (PEDOT:PSS/ITO) interfaces were researched. The authors suggested that ultraviolet treatment could lead to a reduction in the band bending at the PEDOT:PSS/ITO interface, owing to the removal of carbon contamination at the ITO surfaces and a decrease in the number of the trap-states at the PEDOT:PSS/ITO interface.     

Optimization of extinction efficiency of gold‐coated polystyrene bead substrates improves surface‐enhanced Raman scattering effects by post‐growth microwave heating treatment

We report a novel post‐growth microwave treatment approach to selectively modify the surface morphologies of gold (Au) films coated on the polystyrene (PS) bead substrates for effectively improving the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect on the analytes. The discrete dipole approximation (DDA) model was introduced to evaluate the enhancement effects by calculating the localized electromagnetic field distribution and extinction efficiency based on the sizes of the trenches and voids, and the surface roughness of the modified Au–PS bead substrates. The SERS performance of microwave‐modified Au–PS substrates on rhodamine 6G (Rh 6G) and saliva yields at least 10‐fold improvements in SERS intensities compared to the as‐grown substrates, which is also in agreement with theoretical predictions by DDA modeling. This work demonstrates both experimentally and theoretically the efficacy of the microwave heating treatment on modifying the Au–PS bead substrates for the realization of high SERS performance in biomedical applications. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Selectivity of seismic electric signal (SES) of the 2000 Izu earthquake swarm: a 3D FEM numerical simulation model

Although seismic electric signal (SES) has been used for short-term prediction of earthquakes, selectivity of SES still remains as one of the mysterious features. As a case study, we made a numerical simulation based on a 3D finite element method (FEM) on the selectivity of SES observed in the case of the 2000 Izu earthquake swarm. Our numerical results indicated that the existence of conductive channel under Niijima island could explain the reported SES selectivity.     

非定常机匣处理扩稳实验研究

针对一种非定常处理机匣,在轴流风扇实验台上开展偏流吹气扩稳实验研究.主要包括t改善风扇稳定裕度的稳态特性;影响失速先兆波产生及发展的动态分析.结果表明:非定常机匣处理能够在不同工作转速下对风扇稳定裕度有显著效果,效率没有明显改变.偏流吹气可以进一步改善风扇稳定裕度,但同时也会带来一定的效率损失.动态分析证实处理机匣没有阻止失速先兆波的出现.而是有效地抑制了其非线性发展.     

A study of time over threshold (TOT) technique for plastic scintillator counter

A new charge measurement method, time over threshold (TOT), has been used in some gas detectors lately. Here TOT is studied for TOF system, made of plastic scintillator counter, which can simplify the electronics of the system. The signal characteristics are measured and analyzed with a high quality oscilloscope, including noise, pedestal, signal amplitude, total charge, rise time and the correlation between them. The TOT and charge are related and can be fitted by some empirical formula. The charge measurement resolution by TOT is given and this will help the design of TOF electronics.     

退火对非故意掺杂4H-SiC外延材料386 nm和388 nm发射峰的影响

10 K条件下,采用光致发光(PL)技术研究了不同退火处理后非故意掺杂4H-SiC外延材料的低温PL特性.结果发现,在370—400 nm范围内出现了三个发射峰,能量较高的峰约为3.26 eV,与4H-SiC材料的室温禁带宽度相当.波长约为386 nm和388 nm的两个发射峰分别位于~3.21 eV和~3.19 eV,与材料中的N杂质有关.当退火时间为30 min时,随退火温度的升高,386 nm和388 nm两个发射峰的PL强度先增加后减小,且退火温度为1573 K时,两个发射峰的PL强度均达到最大. 关键词： 光致发光 退火处理 能级 4H-SiC