斜纹夜蛾性信息素的合成及其田间诱捕效果

以1,9-壬二醇为起始原料,经溴代、Wittig及Diels-Alder等反应合成了斜纹夜蛾性信息素主要组分——(Z,E)-9,11-十四碳二烯-1-醇乙酸酯(6),纯度99.2%,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和MS确证。田间试验结果表明,该方法合成的6,与市场上同类产品相比,对斜纹夜蛾雄虫具有明显诱捕效果。     

青春期体质指数及腰臀比的性别差异

目的 探讨青春期体质指数(BMI)及腰臀比(WHR)的性别差异。方法 整群抽取广州市六年级及高三学生1 309名,按内科常规进行BMI、腰围、臀围等检查,通过科学统计,分析青春期体质指数(BMI)及腰臀比(WHR)的性别差异。结果 在青春期各年龄段中,BMI、WHR均具有显著性差异,男生的BMI、WHR均显著大于女生;在相关性分析中,我们发现青春期WHR与性别的相关性比BMI与性别的相关性更为密切。结论 我市青春期学生中男性的超质量或肥胖现象比女生更为显著,而BMI更适合于评价整体学生体格发育情况。     

Metabolomics analysis of human plasma metabolites reveals the age- and sex-specific associations

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study was the investigation of age- and sex-associations in a set of blood plasma metabolites in healthy male and female subjects.

Methods: A comparison study design with male and female subjects of various ages was used. Metabolic profiling was performed using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry that yielded 186 metabolite concentrations for each study participant. The key age-related metabolites were identified using an integrative analysis of absolute concentrations, metabolite ratios and the differential correlation of pairwise metabolite concentrations. All of the age-associated metabolites were adjusted prior to the analysis to account for differences in Body Mass Index (BMI).

Results: A total of 236 plasma samples from 140 female and 96 male subjects aged 20 to 82 years-old were collected and analyzed in the study. 13 and 14 age-associated metabolites (|r|?>?0.33 and p < 6.6×10^?5), 438 and 337 age-associated metabolite ratios (|r|?>?0.37 and p < 3.5×10^?6), and 5 and 10 core metabolites were discovered in the female and male groups, respectively. 80% of the metabolites displaying associations with age belonged to sphingolipids and phosphatidylcholines, and the two sexes shared less than 50% of the age-associated metabolites.

Conclusion: The study found that changes in metabolite concentrations, metabolite ratios and differential correlations were age and sex-specific.     

Novel convenient synthesis of (Z/E)-8-dodecenyl acetates, components of the Grapholitha molesta sex pheromone

Components of the Grapholitha molesta sex pheromone, (Z/E)-8-dodecenyl acetates (1, 2), were synthesized in five steps in 20% overall yield using 10-hydroxydecanoic acid (3) as starting material. __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 592–594, November–December, 2006.     

Total synthesis of (3Z,9Z,6S,7R) and (3Z,9Z,6R,7S)-6,7-epoxy-3,9-octadecadienes

(3Z,9Z,6S,7R)-6,7-epoxy-3,9-octadecadiene (1) and (3Z,9Z,6R,7S)-6,7-epoxy-3,9-octadecadiene (2) have been stereoselectively synthesized in eight steps from 2-pentyn-1-ol with an overall yield of 8%. The key steps involved the Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation of (2E)-oct-2-en-5-yn-1-ol (6). The new synthetic method is suitable for multigram-scale preparation of 1 and 2 and might be used for producing sufficient quantities of the sex pheromone components for management of the pest of tea plantations.     

Effects of Particle Size,Charge, Shape,Animal Disease State,and Sex on the Biodistribution of Intravenously Administered Nanoparticles

The relationship between nanoparticle size, charge, shape, and in vivo biodistribution is of great importance for the rational design and selection of intravenously administered nanoparticles. A resource that aids in the selection and design of nanomaterials for this purpose would be a valuable tool. Previous literature reviews have examined narrow categories of nanomaterials or have not statistically analyzed a broad range of nanomaterial literature. Here, data regarding the biodistribution of intravenously administered synthetic and organic nanomaterials in animal models from literature available in PubMed is collected. This work outlines the effect of nanoparticle size, charge, shape, animal sex, and animal disease status on biodistribution of intravenously administered nanomaterials. Particle size and charge are found to significantly and independently influence biodistribution to several organs. Finally, animal sex and disease state are observed to function as effect modifiers for biodistribution.     

Imperatorin Influences Depressive-like Behaviors: A Preclinical Study on Behavioral and Neurochemical Sex Differences

Imperatorin, a naturally derived furanocoumarin, exerts promising neuropharmacological properties. Therefore, it might be applicable in the treatment of brain diseases such as depression. In the present project, we aimed to investigate the sex-dependent effects of imperatorin (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg) on behavior and neurochemistry associated with antidepressant effects. The depressive-like behaviors of male and female Swiss mice were investigated in a forced swim test (FST). Subsequently, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to evaluate the level of serotonin, its metabolite, 5-HIAA, and noradrenaline, in mouse brains. The study revealed that only males responded to imperatorin (1 and 5 mg/kg) treatment and caused an antidepressant effect, such as with respect to depressive-like behaviors, lowering immobility time and increasing immobility latency. The HPLC analysis demonstrated that serotonin levels in the prefrontal cortex of females decreased with the middle dose of imperatorin (5 mg/kg), while in the male prefrontal cortex, the lower dose (1 mg/kg) boosted serotonin levels. There were no evident changes observed with respect to noradrenaline and serotonin metabolite levels in the male hippocampus. To conclude, we propose that imperatorin has antidepressant potential, seemingly only in males, influencing brain serotonin level, but the direct mechanism of action requires further investigation.     

桃潜蛾性信息素的合成研究

(-)-莰烷磺内酰胺手性助剂与巴豆酸酰氯作用生成N-反式丁烯酰基衍生物(4),进而与n-C~4H~9MgBr进行Michael加成反应,发现在CuBr.Me~2S存在下,产物以S构型为主,且化学产率明显提高。经六步合成了桃潜蛾性信息素(S)-14-甲基-1-十八碳烯(1)及其对映异构体(R)-1。     

3,7-二甲基-2-十三碳醇乙酸酯的全合成

松叶蜂;性信息素;3;7-二甲基-2-十三碳醇乙酸酯的全合成     

甘薯象鼻虫信息素(E)-2-丁烯酸-(Z)-3-十二烯基酯的全合成

性信息素;甘薯象鼻虫信息素(E)-2-丁烯酸-(Z)-3-十二烯基酯的全合成