A simple zero length surface-modification approach for preparing novel bifunctional supports for co-immobilisation studies

A straightforward method of creating a bifunctional support possessing pre-defined ratios of amine and chloromethyl groups based upon a controlled conversion of standard Merrifield resin is presented. It avoids the extensive optimisation of reactant concentrations and reaction conditions required by existing methods. Furthermore, it avoids increases in the spacer/linker length that lead to detrimental reductions in the rigidity of the grafted layer. The method will allow for efficient, predictable and reproducible co-immobilisation of molecular species.     

基于TG-FTIR的杨木热解过程中脲醛树脂影响机理的模型物研究

热解是废弃人造板高效回收利用的方式,人造板中所含胶黏剂是其不同于生物质的主要特征。为了有效环保地利用热解技术处理废弃人造板,解明人造板热解过程中其所含脲醛树脂胶黏剂(UF)对木材热解特性的影响,深入探索UF对人造板中木材各组分的作用机制,以杨木及木材的三种主要组分(纤维素、半纤维素、木素)为研究对象,创新性地依据杨木的化学组成,以纤维素、木聚糖和木素配制成模型物,并加入UF模拟人造板的构成。利用热重红外光谱联用(TG-FTIR)分析法,对比分析了加入UF前后模型物以及杨木各主要组分的热失重特性及气相演变规律。热重及红外结果表明,UF促进了纤维素热解过程中水和羧酸类物质的生成。UF与木素结合生成热不稳定的含氮结构,释放大量氨气,并且在200～300 ℃区间内参与了木素的热解并直接影响木素热解产物的生成。由此推测,在人造板热解过程中,木材三种主要组分中与UF作用的主要成分是木素。     

褶合光谱法考察羟自由基清除剂对紫外照射致DNA变异的作用

采用褶合光谱法考察了紫外线UV A ,UV B ,UV C导致的DNA变异 ,并以褶合光谱差谱值的形式量化表达DNA细微突变的程度。DNA受UV A ,UV B ,UV C作用后 ,差谱值依次增大 ,表明变异程度增大 ;添加二甲亚砜、甘露醇等羟自由基清除剂以后 ,在UV A ,UV B ,UV C作用下 ,差谱值有不同程度的降低 ,呈现一定的抑制变异作用。尽管DNA的变异程度有所区别 ,但它们的差谱点分布区域相似 ,提示UV A ,UV B ,UV C导致的DNA变异类型可能相似 ,两种羟自由基清除剂抑制DNA变异的作用机制也可能相似     

Preparation of a novel infrared low-emissive coating from the Cu powder modified by the polyethylene wax

Cu powder was coated with polyethylene wax via the flux-capping method in hope to avoid the oxidation of it, so the increment of the infrared emissivity of the coating can be greatly reduced. The prepared product was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The infrared emissivity of the prepared material was measured by Infrared Emissometer. The influence parameters that will affect the emissivity of the coating were systematically investigated, such as the content of coated Cu powder, coating fineness, coating thickness and aging process. The results indicated that the infrared emissivity value of the coating was reduced after Cu powder was coated with polyethylene wax. The polyethylene wax/Cu composites presented a homogenous sheet structure when the content of Cu powder increased to 30 wt.%, and it has a lower emissivity. The infrared emissivity of the coating increases rapidly as thickness increases and becomes steady above thickness of 70 μm. The composite coating exhibits lower emissivity value and excellent physical properties at coated Cu content of 20 wt.%. The emissivity of the coating that was prepared from the modification of the Cu powder was decreased with the decrement of the grinding fineness and increased with the aging time. The emissivity of the coating that was prepared from the modification of the Cu powder is always lower than that of the coating that only composed of the Cu powder with the increment of the aging time. Therefore, it can be concluded that the anti-oxidation of Cu powder is greatly improved after it was modified by polyethylene wax, which results in a novel coating with long-run low emissivity.     

Relation between interfacial shear strength and compressive strength of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite strands

The mechanism with which the fiber-matrix interfacial strength exerts its influence on the compressive strength of fiber reinforced composites has been studied by measuring the axial compressive strength of carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional composite strands having different levels of interfacial shear strength. The composite strands are used for experiments in order to investigate the compressive strength which is not affected by the delamination taking place at a weak interlayer of the laminated composites. The interfacial strength is varied by applying various degrees of liquid-phase surface treatment to the fibers. The efficiency of the compressive strength of the fibers utilized in the strength of the composite strands is estimated by measuring the compressive strength of the single carbon filaments with a micro-compression test. The compressive strength of the composite strands does not increase monotonically with increasing interfacial shear strength but showes lower values at higher interfacial shear strengths. With increasing interfacial shear strength, the suppression of the interfacial failure in the misaligned fiber region increases the compressive strength, while at higher interfacial shear strengths, the enhancement of the crack sensitivity decreases the compressive strength.     

Preparation and Thermal Properties of Boron-Containing o-Cresol-Formaldehyde Resin/Octa(aminophenyl)-POSS Nanocomposites

The boron-containing o-cresol-formaldehyde resin (BoCFR) and octa(aminophenyl) polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (OAP-POSS) were synthesized, and the BoCFR/OAP-POSS nanocomposite prepared via an in-situ method. The curing process of the resin was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The thermal properties and dynamic mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were investigated. The results show that the maximal mechanical loss temperature (T_p) increased with increasing OAP-POSS content. When the content of OAP-POSS was 10 wt% the T_p was over 200°C, 27°C higher than the pure BoCFR. The BoCFR/OAP-POSS nanocomposite had better thermal stablitity than the pure BoCFR. The residual weight of the o-cresol-formaldehyde resin was only 6.13 wt% at 600°C. But the residual weight of the pure BoCFR was 55.73 wt% at 600°C, and the residual weights of the BoCFR nanocomposites were all higher than pure BoCFR. The residual weight of the BoCFR nanocomposite was 63.2 wt% at 600°C and 21.83 wt% at 900°C when the OAP-POSS content was 10 wt%. The weight loss of BoCFR/OAP-POSS nanocomposite can be divided primarily into two temperature stages, from 430°C to 550°C and from 550°C to 900°C. The main thermal degradation reaction follows first order kinetics.     

Crystallization,Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties of Poly(Butylene Terephthalate)/Brominated Epoxy/Nano-Sb2O3 Composites Dispersed By High Energy Ball Milling

Nano-Sb2O3 particles and brominated epoxy resin (BEO) powders were dispersed in poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBT) by high energy ball milling (HEBM). Then the nanocomposites were prepared by a twin screw extruder. The influence of the nano-Sb2O3 particles on the crystallization, thermal stability, flame retardancy and mechanical properties of the PBT/BEO/nano-Sb2O3 composites were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the nano-Sb2O3 particles improved the crystallizability, thermal stability and flame retardancy properties of the PBT/BEO/nano-Sb2O3 composites. When the content of nano-Sb2O3 particles was 2.0?wt%, the LOI of nano-Sb2O3/BEO/PBT composites increased from 22.0 to 27.8 and the tensile strength reached its maximum value (62.44?MPa), which indicated that the optimum value of flame retardancy and mechanical properties of PBT/BEO/nano-Sb2O3 composites were obtained.     

用布喇格光纤光栅传感器测定口腔复合树脂材料光固化收缩与温度演化特性

复合树脂材料已成为重要的牙齿美容修复材料.本文利用两种布喇格光纤光栅传感器测定了口腔复合树脂材料在光固化过程中的收缩与温度演化特性.一种为普通的光纤布喇格光栅,另一种为经过了化学镀镍的光纤布喇格光栅,同时埋入复合树脂样品中,用光照射使其固化,测得光纤布喇格光栅在固化过程中温度和应力随时间的演化曲线.实验结果表明,在光固化过程中,因为聚合反应,树脂产生了强烈的收缩应力和温度变化.掌握复合树脂的光固化收缩特性和温度变化特性对不断改良材料性能以及优化口腔材料的治疗效果具有实际意义.     

采用树脂透镜的掌纹图像采集光学系统设计

为了获得高分辨率、高对比度和低畸变的掌纹图像,同时实现系统的轻量化和高性价比,本文基于全反射原理,采用树脂材料设计了一款由6片镜构成双远心光路的掌纹采集光学系统。树脂材料的选用减轻了光学系统的总重量;基于光的全反射原理的系统设计增强了掌纹图像的对比度;选择双远心光学结构,便于对倾斜物面所产生的梯形畸变进行矫正。对所设计光学系统的成像质量分析表明,该系统所有视场的光学传递函数（MTF）在Nyquist频率228 lp/mm处均达0.55以上,畸变〈0.14%。设计的光学系统可以采集120 mm×160 mm的手掌区域,实际手掌面上的分辨率达到500dpi,采集的掌纹图像分辨率达到8.0×106 pixel,满足了实际采集的要求。     

Deformational Properties of Polymer Concrete during Long-Term Exposure to Water

Changes in the elastic and viscoelastic (creep) characteristics of polymer concrete and its structural components (polyester resin, unfilled or filled with diabase flour) during a long-term exposure to water at 20°C were studied. Modeling the structural changes in polymer concrete with time showed an increase in the relative volume content of pores filled with water and a decrease in that of unfilled pores. Based on the free-volume concept and the data on swelling due to moistening and shrinkage due to physical aging of the binder, a rather accurate estimate of the time-moisture reduction function for polymer concrete was obtained. The function was found to be nonmonotonic: the interval of increase was followed by an interval of decrease.