基于激光共聚焦显微拉曼技术的藻种鉴别研究

微藻种类的鉴别和分类是研究微藻生理生化特性的基础和前提。微藻细胞中主要包含五种生物分子,包括蛋白质、糖类、油脂、核酸和色素,在不同藻种会有不同的比例含量,常常作为藻种鉴别的一种依据。文章探讨了采用激光共聚焦显微拉曼技术快速鉴别普通小球藻(Chlorella sp.)、莱茵衣藻(Chlamydomonas sp.)两种不同藻种的可行性。通过在相同光照时间、强度和相同培养基的条件下培养的两种微藻,利用琼脂固定法固定微藻细胞,在514.5 nm的激光下采集了不同藻种及其不同生长时期的拉曼光谱曲线,并通过rolling circle filter(RCF)算法去除荧光背景,然后采用去基线、卷积平滑等预处理方法得到两种藻种各40个样本的曲线。从80个样本中随机抽取50个样本训练建模,剩下的30个样本作为独立的验证集。对光谱数据采取不同的预处理方法,采用偏最小二乘(partial least squares,PLS)全波段建模建立光谱响应特征与普通小球藻、莱茵衣藻的关系模型,比较了不同预处理程度的效果。结果表明：利用激光共聚焦显微拉曼技术,基于不同藻种色素含量比的差异,同时结合化学计量学方法,可以快速、有效地将两种藻种鉴别出来。所提出的最大谱峰比值标准化法处理样本,当阈值为±0.5时,预测正确率达到100%,当阈值为±0.2时,预测正确率达到86.67%,表明所提出的新方法能在藻种鉴别和分类领域具有较高的可行性。     

Influence of chemistry and hot rolling conditions on high permeability non-grain oriented silicon steel

This paper discusses the influence of chemical composition on the final electromagnetic properties in higher permeability material. Furthermore, the effect of the hot rolling practice and the end of austenite transformation temperature range on the hot band microstructure is described. The magnetic polarization J₅₀₀₀ better than 1.7 T, using hot rolling conditions 40 mm transfer bar thickness, finish mill entry temperature 1000 °C, and finishing temperature 800–840 °C and after decarburization heat treatment and grain growth treatment, was obtained.     

Generating ultra wide low-frequency gap for transverse wave isolation via inertial amplification effects

Low-frequency transverse wave propagation plays a significant role in the out-of-plane vibration control. To efficiently attenuate the propagation of transverse waves at low-frequency range, this letter proposed a new type phononic beam by attaching inertial amplification mechanisms on it. The wave propagation of the beam with enhanced effective inertia is analyzed using the transfer matrix method. It is demonstrated that the low-frequency gap within inertial amplification effects can possess much wider bandwidth than using the local resonance method, thus is more suitable for designing applications to suppress transverse wave propagation.     

Fiber optical parametric amplifiers in optical communication systems

The prospects for using fiber optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs) in optical communication systems are reviewed. Phase‐insensitive amplifiers (PIAs) and phase‐sensitive amplifiers (PSAs) are considered. Low‐penalty amplification at/or near 1 Tb/s has been achieved, for both wavelength‐ and time‐division multiplexed formats. High‐quality mid‐span spectral inversion has been demonstrated at 0.64 Tb/s, avoiding electronic dispersion compensation. All‐optical amplitude regeneration of amplitude‐modulated signals has been performed, while PSAs have been used to demonstrate phase regeneration of phase‐modulated signals. A PSA with 1.1‐dB noise figure has been demonstrated, and preliminary wavelength‐division multiplexing experiments have been performed with PSAs. 512 Gb/s have been transmitted over 6,000 km by periodic phase conjugation. Simulations indicate that PIAs could reach data rate x reach products in excess of 14,000 Tb/s × km in realistic wavelength‐division multiplexed long‐haul networks. Technical challenges remaining to be addressed in order for fiber OPAs to become useful for long‐haul communication networks are discussed.

     

Nonlinear compression of optical solitons

In this paper, we consider nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equations, both in the anomalous and normal dispersive regimes, which govern the propagation of a single field in a fiber medium with phase modulation and fibre gain (or loss). The integrability conditions are arrived from linear eigen value problem. The variable transformations which connect the integrable form of modified NLS equations are presented. We succeed in Hirota bilinearzing the equations and on solving, exact bright and dark soliton solutions are obtained. From the results, we show that the soliton is alive, i.e. pulse area can be conserved by the inclusion of gain (or loss) and phase modulation effects.     

基于特征圆单目视觉的飞机舵面角位移标定技术

提出了一种基于特征圆单目视觉的非接触式飞机舵面角位移标定技术。用一台数码摄像机对固定在飞机舵面上的特征圆进行拍照,经数字图像处理后确定五个特征点的坐标,利用针孔成像和射影变换原理建立物像空间坐标解算模型,计算出特征圆的法线相对方向和圆心的相对位置,舵面角位移由该圆的法线方向确定。仿真结果表明,该方法具有标定过程简单、实时、快速和准确的特点,标定精度可达到0.1°。该技术也可用于航天器上实时测量交会对接时的相对位姿参数。     

One- and two-photon absorption-amplification response in a four-level atomic system with vacuum-induced coherence

This paper theoretically studies the effects of the vacuum-induced coherence on one- and two-photon absorption in a four-level atomic medium. It finds that the one- and two-photon absorption and amplification properties are quite sensitive to the vacuum-induced coherence. It is also shown that the one- and two-photon absorption spectra can be dramatically affected by modulating the relative phase of the applied fields. With the proper choice of the relative phase, the amplification without inversion for the probe field can be realized.     

光参量过程中的逆转换问题

逆转换是影响光参量变换转换效率、参量光光束质量以及参量光输出稳定性的关键因素,随光斑分布和时间变化,逆转换现象很难消除.文中分析了光参量变换过程中的逆转换问题,研究了影响逆转换的关键因素.分析得出,适当的晶体长度、优化的抽运光斑截面类型、合适的谐振腔参数(对于振荡器)有利于降低逆转换,提高参量转换效率,改善参量光光束质量.根据理论分析结果,设计了脉冲砷酸钛氧钾(KTA)光参量振荡器,实验获得了270 mJ信号光和150 mJ闲频光输出,有效地抑制了逆转换的影响,参量转化效率达到了43%. 关键词： 逆转换 光参量放大 光参量振荡     

Effect of surface nanocrystallization induced by fast multiple rotation rolling on hardness and corrosion behavior of 316L stainless steel

A nanostructured layer was fabricated by using fast multiple rotation rolling (FMRR) on the surface of 316L stainless steel. The microstructure in the surface was characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The effects of FMRR on the microhardness, surface roughness and corrosion behavior of the stainless steel were investigated by microhardness measurements, surface roughness measurements, potentiodynamic polarization curves and pitting corrosion tests. The surface morphologies of pitting corrosion specimens were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that FMRR can cause surface nanocrystallization with the grain size ranges from 6 to 24 nm in the top surface layer of the sample. The microhardness of FMRR specimen in the top surface layer remarkably increases from 190 to 530 HV. However, the surface roughness slightly rises after FMRR treatment. The potentiodynamic polarization curves and pitting corrosion tests indicated that the FMRR treated 316L stainless steel with a surface nanocrystallized layer reduced the corrosion resistance in a 3.5% NaCl solution and enhanced the pitting corrosion rate in a FeCl₃ solution. Possible reasons leading to the decrease in corrosion resistance were discussed.     

Theoretical analysis of the radiation effect on the transient behavior of optoelectronic integrated devices

Theoretical analysis of the radiation effect on transient behavior of an optoelectronic integrated device composed of a heterojunction phototransistor and a light emitting diode is studied theoretically. First, the transient behavior and the rise time of this device before radiation are investigated based on the frequency response of the constituent devices and the optical feedback inside the device. Second, the effect of neutron irradiation flux on the transient behavior of this device is theoretically studied. The results show that, by increasing the optical feedback inside the device, the rise time in the amplification mode is increased along with an increasing output, while that in the switching mode can be reduced effectively, and the neutron irradiation reduces the transient response and the rise time in both the amplification and switching modes. This type of model can be exploited as optical amplifier, optical switching device, and other applications.