A Markov Model of Production, Trade, and Money: Theory and Artificial Life Simulation

The paper generalizes the Kiyotaki-Wright trade model by treatingthe trading period as a finite game, so Nash's theorem can be used to provethe existence of equilibrium, and by treating the economy as a Markovprocess, so an ergodic theorem can be used to show the existence ofequilibria with desirable properties (e.g., in which money exists). A Markovmodel of trade also allows us to add complexity to the economy withoutadding corresponding complexity to the analysis of the model's properties.The paper also provides artificial life simulations of the Markov economysuggesting that monetary equilibria are dynamically stable and do notrequire high levels of learning or information processing on the part ofagents.     

On expansions of functions of two variables in mixed Fourier-Jacobi series and their application for estimation of errors of cubature formulas

Some problems of expansion of functions of two variables in mixed Fourier-Jacobi series are discussed. In particular, estimates of the convergence rate of these series on classes of functions of two variables characterized by generalized moduli of continuity are given. Applications of these results and estimation of residues of some Chebyshev-type mixed cubature formulas are discussed.     

A Generalized Measure of Cumulative Residual Entropy

In this work, we introduce a generalized measure of cumulative residual entropy and study its properties. We show that several existing measures of entropy, such as cumulative residual entropy, weighted cumulative residual entropy and cumulative residual Tsallis entropy, are all special cases of this generalized cumulative residual entropy. We also propose a measure of generalized cumulative entropy, which includes cumulative entropy, weighted cumulative entropy and cumulative Tsallis entropy as special cases. We discuss a generating function approach, using which we derive different entropy measures. We provide residual and cumulative versions of Sharma–Taneja–Mittal entropy and obtain them as special cases this generalized measure of entropy. Finally, using the newly introduced entropy measures, we establish some relationships between entropy and extropy measures.     

泛系哲学与泛系数学和应用:事理,物理,技理,医理与战理(Ⅱ)

这里从泛系观引入一种新型的哲学与数学研究,包括在泛系框架下发展哲学七论与数学和一些第二第三哲学以及对事理、物理、技理、医理与战理的某些应用.     

Adjustment of Residual Stresses in Unsymmetric Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using Genetic Algorithms

During the manufacturing process of multilayered fiber-reinforced composites with variable fiber orientations, residual stresses build up in these composites due to the directional expansion of single unidirectionally reinforced layers. Depending on the laminate lay-up, the inhomogeneous residual stresses, which are caused by thermal effects, moisture absorption, and chemical shrinkage, can lead to large multistable out-of-plane deformations. Instead of avoiding these curvatures, they can be advantageously used for technical applications following the near-net-shape technology. In order to adjust the deformations to the technical requirements, genetic algorithms in combination with a nonlinear calculation method have been developed, which can purposefully adapt the laminate lay-up depending on the loading and process parameters.     

利用GM(1,1)模型预测曲线波形

针对给出的函数y=f(x),x∈[a,b],将其值域进行n等分,设yi为其中任一分点,对应x=xi(i=1,2,…,m),用GM(1,1)模型对序列{x1,x2,…,xm}进行预测,得到曲线y=f(x)在下一段时间与直线y=yi的交点位置.当GM(1,1)模型的误差较大时,可利用带有残差修正的GM(1,1)模型进行残差修正,以提高GM(1,1)模型预测值的精确度.     

基于PHM的舰艇装备视情维修技术研究

针对PHM技术在舰艇装备视情维修中的应用需求,在分析剩余寿命预测机理的基础上,为解决舰艇装备历史数据少、状态变化普遍表现为非线性等难题,建立基于粒子滤波的多步剩余寿命预测模型,通过仿真表明：随着时间的推移剩余寿命PDF图变狭窄,剩余寿命预测误差逐渐降低,证明了预测方法的有效性。在此基础上,考虑装备维修费用最低为目标,建立以费用最低为目标的预防性维修时间确定模型,使得单位时间内的平均维修费用最低,并通过采用建立的基于粒子滤波的多步剩余寿命预测模型,最终确定了最优预防性维修时间,为装备保障人员拟订精确维修保障计划提供依据,也为舰艇装备开展视情维修奠定基础。     

不饱和类卡宾H_2C=CLiF的结构及氢迁移反应的DFT研究

用量子化学中的密度泛函DFT方法,在B3LYP/6-311G~*水平上研究了不饱和类 卡宾H_2C=CLiF的结构。结果表明,只有1种平衡结构是稳定的。对稳定的平衡结构 ,找到了分子内氢迁移反应的过渡态,并计算了不同温度下不饱和类卡宾 H_2C=CLiF的平均寿命τ,在200 K时,τ = 7.9 d,在300 K仅为τ = 2.4 s。     

Synthesis and Incorporation of k2U into RNA

Lysidine (k²C) is one of the most modified pyrimidine RNA bases. It is a cytidine nucleoside, in which the 2-oxo functionality of the heterocycle is replaced by the ϵ-amino group of the amino acid lysine. As such, lysidine is an amino acid-containing RNA nucleoside that combines directly genotype (C-base) with phenotype (lysine amino acid). This makes the compound particularly important in the context of theories about the origin of life and here especially for theories that target the origin of translation. Here, we report the total synthesis of the U-derivative of lysidine (k²U), which should have the same base pairing characteristics as k²C if it exists in the isoC-like tautomeric form. To investigate this question, we developed a phosphoramidite building block for k²U, which allows its incorporation into RNA strands. Within RNA, k²U can base pair with the counter base U and isoG, confirming that k²U prefers an isoC-like tautomeric structure that is also known to dominate for k²C. The successful synthesis of a k²U phosphoramidite and its use for RNA synthesis now paves the way for the preparation of a k²C phosphoramidite and RNA strands containing k²C.