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151.
Xinbo Zhang Danzi Sun Wenya Yin Yujun Chai Minshou Zhao 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2006,10(4):236-242
This paper presents results concerning structure and electrochemical characteristics of the La0.67Mg0.33 (Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)
x
(x=2.5–5.0) alloy. It can be found from the result of the Rietveld analyses that the structures of the alloys change obviously
with increasing x from 2.5 to 5.0. The main phase of the alloys with x=2.5–3.5 is LaMg2Ni9 phase with a PuNi3-type rhombohedral structure, but the main phase of the alloys with x=4.0–5.0 is LaNi5phase with a CaCu5-type hexagonal structure. Furthermore, the phase ratio, lattice parameter and cell volume of the LaMg2Ni9phase and the LaNi5 phase change with increasing x. The electrochemical studies show that the maximum discharge capacity increases from 214.7 mAh/g
(x=2.5) to 391.1 mAh/g (x=3.5) and then decreases to 238.5 mAh/g (x=5.0). As the discharge current density is 1,200 mA/g, the high rate dischargeability (HRD) increases from 51.1% (x=2.5) to 83.7% (x=3.5) and then decreases to 71.6% (x=5.0). Moreover, the exchange current density (I
0) of the alloy electrodes first increases and then decrease with increasing x from 2.5 to 5.0, which is consistent with the variation of the HRD. The cell volume reduces with increasing x in the alloys, which is detrimental to hydrogen diffusion and accordingly decreases the low-temperature dischargeability
of the alloy electrodes. 相似文献
152.
Melt or cold crystallization kinetics has a strong bearing on morphology and the extent of crystallization, which significantly affects the physical properties of polymeric materials. Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics are often analyzed by the classical Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov (JMAK) model or one of its variants, even though they are based on an isothermal assumption. As a result, during the nonisothermal (e.g. constant heating or cooling rate) crystallization of polymeric material, different sets of model parameters are required to describe crystallization at different rates, thereby increasing the total number of model parameters. In addition, due to the uncorrelated nature of these model parameters with the cooling or heating rate, accurate modeling at any intermediate condition is not possible. In the present work, these two limitations of the conventional approach have been eliminated by exhibiting the existence of a functional relationship between cooling or heating rate and effective activation energy during nonisothermal melt or cold crystallization in three linear aromatic polyesters. Furthermore, it has been shown that when the JMAK model is used in conjunction with this functional relationship, it is possible to precisely predict the experimental nonisothermal melt or cold crystallization kinetics at any linear cooling or heating rate with a single set of model parameters. 相似文献
153.
V. Ramamoorthy A. Ramasubbu S. Muthusubramanian S. Sivasubramanian 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》1999,33(1):69-80
The nitrone is found to be included in the -cyclodextrin cavity in two different stoichiometries viz., 1G : 1H and 1G : 2H – the existence of which is proved by physical methods. The 1G : 2H complex of the nitrone serves as a good potent dipolarophile in the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions with olefins resulting in rate acceleration and regioselection. 相似文献
154.
Kazuo Mukai Kanae Nagai Aya Ouchi Tomomi Suzuki Katsuhiro Izumisawa Shin-Ichi Nagaoka 《国际化学动力学杂志》2019,51(9):643-656
Measurements of aroxyl radical (ArO•)-scavenging rate constants () of antioxidants (AOHs) (α-tocopherol (α-TocH) and three catechins (CatHs) (ie, epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)) were performed in ethanol solution, using stopped-flow spectrophotometry. values were measured not only for each AOH, but also for the mixtures of two AOHs (α-TocH and CatH). A notable synergistic effect that the value of α-TocH increases 1.29, 1.84, and 1.65 times under the coexistence of constant concentrations of EC, EGC, and EGCG, respectively, was observed for the solutions including α-TocH and CatH. Similarly, values of CatHs (EC, EGC, and EGCG) increased 1.72, 2.25, and 2.34 times under the coexistence of constant concentrations of α-TocH, respectively. UV-Vis absorption of α-tocopheroxyl radical (α-Toc•) (λmax = 428 nm), which had been produced by reaction of α-TocH with ArO•, decreased remarkably under the coexistence of α-TocH and CatHs due to the fast α-TocH-regeneration reaction by CatHs. The result suggests that the prooxidant reaction due to α-Toc• is suppressed by the coexistence of CatHs. By analyzing the formation and decay curves of α-Toc•, it has been ascertained that one molecule of EGCG having three OH groups at B-ring may rapidly regenerate three molecules of α-Toc• to α-TocH. 相似文献
155.
156.
Abolfazl Semnani Mojtaba Shamsipur 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》1995,22(2):99-105
The complex formation reaction between iodine and 1,7-diaza-15-crown-5 (DA15C5) has been studied spectrophotometrically in chloroform at 25°C. The resulting 1:2 (DA15C5:I2) molecular complex was formulated as (DA15C5...;I+)I
3
–
. The spectrophotometric results, as well as the conductivity measurements, revealed that the gradual release of triiodide ion from its contact ion paired form in the molecular complex into the solution is the rate determining step of the reaction. The rate constant was calculated ask=(8.8±0.2)×10–3 min–1. The formation constant of the molecular complex was evaluated from the computer fitting of the absorbance-mole ratio data as logK
f=6.89±0.09. 相似文献
157.
A simplified approach was developed to estimate the vapor pressure of pure compounds from experimental data obtained by isothermal
thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. A numerical procedure was developed to estimate the Antoine parameters of the substance by
the analysis of isothermal TG data. The results of the experimental validations carried out evidenced that at least a preliminary
estimation of vapour pressures of pure substances by the analysis of TG data is possible. The limited time and the reduced
amounts of sample required for the experimental runs make the technique attractive with respect to the conventional and more
accurate techniques for vapor pressure assessment. 相似文献
158.
159.
A new kinetic-catalytic method by the initial rate procedure for the determination of nanogram level of iron(III) is developed, which is based on its catalytic effect on the oxidative coupling of 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone (MBTH) with N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA) to form an indamine dye (λmax=590 nm) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Iron(II) is also determined, being oxidized to iron(III) by hydrogen peroxide. Calibration graphs obtained by the initial rate method are linear in the range 1–1000 ng ml−1 Fe and as low as 10−8 M Fe(II, III) can easily be determined. The relative standard deviations are 6.6, 2.5 and 1.5% for ten determinations of 1, 20 and 60 ng ml−1 of Fe(III), respectively. The method is applicable to the determination of iron in natural waters without preconcentration and separation. 相似文献
160.
A new fertilizer of cocrystal type,known as durably efficacious ammonium bicarbonate (DEAB),has been developed by adding a certain amount of dicyandiamide (DCD) as an ammonia-stabilizing agent to ammonium bearbenate(AB)during the process of its production.As compared with AB,DEAB was found to have a reduction of direct volatilization loss by 53%,a fertilizer availability period prolonged from 35-45 to 90-110 d,and an increase in the rate of nitrogen in fertilizer being utilized by 5.9%-10.2%,and a saving of the amount of fertilizer to be ap-phed by 20%-30% for the same level of yield,or an increase of the crop yield by over 10% for the same level of ni-tregen fertilization;in addition,it was found to show usually a function of promoting the crop to early mature.It can be apptied as basal dressing all in one time to soil and thus also used as a labour-saving and crop yield-increasing fertil-izer for is non-mtertillage,plastics film covering and water-saving agriculture 相似文献