醇盐法制备稀土化合物超微粉末

稀土元素具有广泛的用途,在大多数的应用中其效果都与原料的纯度、粒度、粒经分布范围等因素有关。由于超微粉末的比表面积大、化学活性高,因此可以预料,若将稀土化合物制成超微粉末,会使它的催化性能及在各种材料中的性能有明显的改变,也可使稀土有新的、更高的应用价值。     

Separating Ag, B, Cd, Dy, Eu, and Sm in a Gd matrix using 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester extraction chromatography for ICP-AES analysis

The separation procedure for Ag, B, Cd, Dy, Eu and Sm as impurities in Gd matrix using ICP-AES technique with an extraction chromatographic column has been developed. The spectral interference of the Gd matrix on the elements was eliminated using a chromatography technique with 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (PC-88A) as the mobile phase and XAD-16 resin as the stationary phase. Ag⁺, B₄O₇²⁻, and Cd²⁺ were eluted with 0.1 M HNO₃, while rare earth ions were not. The best eluent for separating Eu and Sm in the Gd matrix was 0.3 M HNO₃. The limit of quantitation for these elements was 0.6-3.0 ng mL⁻¹. The recovery of Ag, B, and Cd was 90-104% using 0.1 M HNO₃ as the eluent, while that of Eu, Gd, and Sm ranged from 100 to 102% with 0.3 M HNO₃. Dy was recovered quantitatively with 4 M HNO₃. The relative standard deviation of the methods for a set of three replicates was between 1.0 and 15.4% for the synthetic and standard Gd solutions. The proposed separation procedure was used to measure Ag, B, Cd, Dy, Eu, and Sm in a standard Gd solution.     

钇对金属陶瓷力学性能和组织的影响

研究了添加钇对Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）基金属瓷力学性能和组织的影响。结果表明，加入适量的钇能提高Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）基金属陶瓷的抗变强度和硬度，其原因是由于钇与杂质硫起反应在化合物，净化了陶瓷相－金属相，陶瓷相－陶瓷相界面提高子界面结合强度     

铕掺杂BaPbO3的EXAFS研究

采用扩展Ｘ射线吸收精细结构方法，研究了铕掺杂ＢａＰｂＯ３多晶粉末中Ｅｕ，Ｐｂ两种原子的近邻结构。Ｅｕ的掺杂，导致八面体中金属Ｐｇ，Ｅｕ的配位数降低。     

Reactivity of Radical Cations of Trimesitylphosphine

Anodic oxidation of trimesitylphosphine in the presence of typical nucleophilic reactants is studied by cyclic voltammetry. The results and the literature data suggest that the manifestation of radical properties is more typical for radical cations of trimesitylphosphine, because, when realizing an electrophilic path of reacting, additional energy is needed for altering the configuration of radical cations of trimesitylphosphine.     

π－烯丙基稀土配合物的合成、结构及其催化烯烃聚合反应机理的研究 Ⅲ．LiLn（π－C_3H_5）_4·nD催化异戊二烯和苯乙烯均聚合反应的研究

本文研究了ＬｉＬｎ（π－Ｃ_３Ｈ_５）_４·ｎＤ（Ｌｎ＝Ｌａ、Ｔｂ，ｎ＝３；Ｌｎ＝Ｃｅ、Ｐｒ、Ｎｄ、Ｓｍ、Ｇｄ、Ｅｒ，ｎ＝２；Ｌｎ＝Ｙ、Ｄｙ，ｎ＝２．５；Ｄ为二氧六环）催化异戊二烯和苯乙烯的均聚合反应．其中，钇配合物的催化活性为最高．聚异戊二烯顺式－１，４链节含量在４３－８１％．聚合体系内少量给电子体的加入使聚合物中３，４－链节含量高达８４％．所得聚苯乙烯为无规结构．     

稀土锰氧化物La0.7Ca0.3Mn1-xCuxO3低场磁电阻及电传输特性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了系列多晶CMR材料La0.7Ca0.3Mn1-xCuxO3（x=0%,1%,5%,10%,15%,20%）。在77-350 K温度范围内测量了样品的电阻率及磁电阻大小。实验结果发现：系列样品TC随掺杂量增加而递减;系列样品的电阻率峰及磁电阻峰在整个测温范围内随掺杂量的增加均依次被展宽直至消失,当掺杂量为x≥10%时,电阻率随温度的变化在整个测温范围内呈现绝缘相行为;同时还发现,掺杂量为x≥10%时,样品的磁电阻在整个测温区内基本表现为隧穿磁电阻。基于我们采用蒙特卡罗模拟方法提出的逾渗模型及隧穿磁电阻模型,对样品的磁电阻行为进行了很好的解释。对系列样品的ρ-T曲线进行lnρ-T^-（1/4）系拟合,发现掺杂量为x=10%样品在整个温区内的lnρ-T^-（1/4）系基本呈线性。     

New coordination catalysts based on rare earth compounds for polymerization of 1-octene

The study of rare earth coordination catalysts for polymerization of 1-octene has been successfully carried out for the first time. Some features and kinetic behavior of polymerization of 1-octene by Nd(naph)₃–AIEt₃ catalyst system in tetrachloro-methane are described. The overall polymerization activation energy E_a measured was 74.5 kJ/mol and the rate equation could be expressed as R_p = k_p [Nd] [M] (k_p = 3.21 × 10^?3 L/mol s, at 50°C). The catalytic activity of various rare earth elements in Ln (naph)₃ and ligands in NdL₃ for the polymerization was compared. A 1-octene oligomer with double bonds was obtained. It is either a white or pale yellow waxy semi-solid. Its number-average molecular weight is about 10³ and the molecular weight distribution is less than 2.     

Effect of group II metal cations on catecholate oxidation.

The unexpected effects of Ca(2+) on the free-radical chain reactions of dopamine, norepinephrine, isoproterenol, and pyrocatechol oxidation are studied using oxygen consumption measurements, EPR-spectroscopy, UV/VIS spectrophotometry, and by potentiometric titration. It is found that the formation of Ca(2+)-catecholate complexes is accompanied by an increase in the dissociation constants (K(ai) ) of their phenolic hydroxyls. At pH>pK(ai) and in the presence of alkaline-earth metal cations, the rate of catecholate oxidation increases (Ca(2+), Mg(2+)> Sr(2+), Ba(2+)), whereas on addition of Zn ions the rate decreases. The effects of Group II metal cations on catecholate autoxidation are concomitant with a transient increase of the EPR signal for metal-semiquinonate complexes. Therefore, the effects of Ca(2+) and other alkaline-earth metal cations on catecholate autoxidation can be defined as 1) additional deprotonation of catechol OH-groups involved in the formation of M(2+)-catecholate complexes, the latter exceeding catechols in the susceptibility to dioxygen-induced oxidation and 2) formation of relatively stable free-radical intermediates responsible for chain propagation.     

Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry — Optimization of the operating conditions in the determination of trace of elements in line-rich emission matrices

Radial viewing 40.68 MHz inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer was used in the determination of Y, Sc and rare earth elements in Eu₂O₃ or Lu₂O₃ as pure rare earth matrices. The Mg II 280.270 nm/Mg I 285.213 nm line intensity ratio was measured to evaluate the robustness of the operating conditions. The operating conditions were affected by varying the incident power and sheathing gas flow rate. The carrier gas flow rate remained a constant value. The relationship between the Mg II 280.270 nm/Mg I 285.213 nm ratio and the excitation temperature was obtained. A dependence of the magnesium ratio in the pure solvent and the corresponding values in the presence of the above matrices was established.