溴化-1，4／1，6-二（a-辛基吡啶）丁烷／己烷的合成及表征

以吡啶和1-溴代正辛烷为原料，制得中间产物a-辛基吡啶，再分别与l，4-二溴丁烷和1，6-二溴己烷反应，得到两种含氮杂环的双子季铵盐表面活性剂，通过定性实验和波谱方法鉴定了其结构，并表征了这两种表面活性剂的表面活性和杀菌活性．结果表明：这两种化合物均有一定的降低水表面张力的能力，以及杀菌活性．     

Polymerization of surface-active monomers. VIII. Tacticity of polymers prepared by radical polymerization of quaternary salts of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate in micellar and isotropic media

The effect of monomer micellization on the polymerization was studied from the standpoint of stereochemistry in the polymerization. Quaternary salts (C_nBr) of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate with n-alkyl bromide having N (=4, 8 and 12) carbon atoms were polymerized with radical initiators in isotropic and anisotropic media and the resulting polymers were converted to poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) to determine their tacticity. Tacticities of poly (C₁₂Br)s were little affected by initiators and solvents used for their preparations. There was little dependence of the tacticities on alkyl chain length (N) for poly (C_nBr)s prepared in water and dimethylformamide (DMF). Most of polymers produced here conformed to Bernoullian propagation statistics and a definite difference was not found in the tacticities between the polymers prepared in isotropic and anisotropic media. From the results obtained here it was deduced that the micellar aggregation has little influence upon the stereochemistry in the polymerization of the quaternary monomers. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Phase Equilibrium System of CsCl-YCl3-（9.5%）HCL-H2O at T=298.15 K and Its Compounds

Introduction In a series of papers the authors reported the spec-troscopy results on upconversion luminescence of the double salts between the alkali metal (Rb,Cs) halide and rare earth metal trihalide (REX3).1-4 Consequently, ex-tensive syntheses of new double salts and studies on optical properties of such species have received much more attention.5-12 Although a number of these double salts have been synthesized, the formation in alkali metal halide/rare earth metal halide double salts s…     

Li and Li MAS NMR Studies on Fast Ionic Conducting Spinel-Type Li2MgCl4, Li2-xCuxMgCl4, Li2-xNaxMgCl4, and Li2ZnCl4

⁶Li and ⁷Li MAS NMR spectra including 1D-EXSY (exchange spectroscopy) and inversion recovery experiments of fast ionic conducting Li₂MgCl₄, Li_2-xCu_xMgCl₄, Li_2-xNa_xMgCl₄, and Li₂ZnCl₄ have been recorded and discussed with respect to the dynamics and local structure of the lithium ions. The chemical shifts, intensities, and half-widths of the Li MAS NMR signals of the inverse spinel-type solid solutions Li_2-xM^I_xMgCl₄ (M^I=Cu, Na) with the copper ions solely at tetrahedral sites and sodium ions at octahedral sites and the normal spinel-type zinc compound, respectively, confirm the assignment of the low-field signal to Li^tet of inverse spinel-type Li₂MgCl₄ and the high-field signal to Lioct as proposed by Nagel et al. (2000). In contrast to spinel-type Li_2-2xMg_1+xCl₄ solid solutions with clustering of the vacancies and Mg²⁺ ions, the Cu⁺ and Na⁺ ions are randomly distributed on the tetrahedral and octahedral sites, respectively. The activation energies due to the various dynamic processes of the lithium ions in inverse spinel-type chlorides obtained by the NMR experiments are E_a=6.6-6.9 and ΔG^*>79 KJ mol⁻¹ (in addition to 23, 29, and 75 kJmol-1 obtained by other techniques), respectively. The largest activation energy of >79 KJ mol⁻¹ corresponds to hopping exchange processes of Li ions between the tetrahedral 8a sites and the octahedral 16d sites. The smallest value of 6.6-6.9 KJ mol⁻¹, which was derived from the temperature dependence of both the spin-lattice relaxation times T₁ and the correlation times τ_C of Li^tet, reveals a dynamic process for the Li^tet ions inside the tetrahedral voids of the structure, probably between fourfold 32e split sites around the tetrahedral 8a site.     

四元体系Li2O-MgO-B2O3-H2O在40℃时溶解度的研究

我国柴达木盐湖近期研究表明:新类型盐湖卤水可以近似地的看作是天然的(Li)、Na~ 、K~ 、Mg~(2 )Cl~-、SO_4~(2-)、B_4O_7~(2-)-H_2O的多元水盐体系。新类型硼酸盐卤水经日晒蒸发析盐后,得到的氯化镁饱和卤水中钠和钾的含量甚少,可以被看作是Li~ 、Mg~(2 )Cl~-、SO_4~(2 )、B_4O_7~(2-)-H_2O五元水盐体系。研究它,不仅可以丰富水盐溶液化学、锂盐化学和硼酸盐化     

The Measurement of Heat Capacity Differences Due to the Change of Water Structure in Aqueous Solutions of Organic Compounds

In order to observe more directly the structural organization of water molecules around a non-polar molecule in an aqueous solution, heat capacity differences between two kinds of solutions (solution I and II) of quaternary ammonium salts were measured. In the solution I stable water structure was retained as much as possible and in the solution II water structure was destroyed either by heating to high temperatures or by irradiating with ultrasonic waves. It was found that the heat capacity differences ((C_p)_II-(C_p)_I) were slightly positive and its maximum values corresponded to 7-8 percent of the heat capacity of pure water itself. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.