RuCl3 · xH2O: A New Efficient Catalyst for Facile Preparation of 1,1‐Diacetates from Aldehydes

An efficient, facile preparation of aldehyde 1,1‐diacetates (acylals) in excellent yields catalyzed by RuCl₃ · xH₂O is described. Ketones do not react under these conditions.     

马来酸酐与聚烯烃接枝产物的表征

综述了马来酸酐与聚烯烃接枝产物的多种表征手段，重点分析了纯化处理，化学滴定以及红外分析方法的表征原理，应用和改进方法。     

Synthesis and characterization of new poly[phenylquinoxaline(ether)imides]

A series of new aromatic poly[phenylquinoxaline(ether)imides] were synthesized by solution polycondensation of aromatic diamines containing preformed phenylquinoxaline groups with dianhydrides having ether linkages and isopropylidene or hexafluoroisopropylidene units. All polymers are readily soluble in polar organic solvents (N-methylpyrrolidinone, DMF, dimethylacetamide) and in less polar liquids such as chloroform. Very thin coatings were deposited onto silicon wafers. According to atomic force microscopy, they had a smooth, pinhole-free surface. The polymers showed high thermal stability with decomposition temperatures above 470 °C and glass transition temperatures in the range of 210–238 °C, being thus characterized by a large gap between the glass transition and decomposition temperatures.Based on the report presented at the International Conference Modern Trends in Organoelement and Polymer Chemistry dedicated to the 50th year anniversary of the A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, May 30–June 4, 2004).Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1952–1957, September, 2004.     

Propylphosphonic anhydride (T3P): an efficient reagent for the one-pot synthesis of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles, 1,3,4-oxadiazoles, and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles

Propylphosphonic anhydride (T3P^®) has been demonstrated to be an efficient and mild reagent for the one-pot synthesis of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles, 1,3,4-oxadiazoles, and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles from carboxylic acids.     

电合成2,2-二羟甲基丙酸

制备Ti/SnO2+Sb2O4/PbO2电极,电极的组分及其价态由XRD和XPS表征;该电极可将2,2-二羟甲基丙醛直接电合成2,2-二羟甲基丙酸.应用高效液相色谱分析原料和产物,电化学方法研究电合成影响因素,包括:2,2-二羟甲基丙醛浓度、溶液pH值、反应温度和氧化电位等.在优化条件下(pH=1,C醛=0.10 mol.L-1,t=15℃,E=1.8 V)电合成2,2-二羟甲基丙酸的转化率为58%,选择性36%,电流效率28%.本法为该产物的合成提供了一种新的途径.     

SEBS-g-MAH对LLDPE结晶行为的影响

利用差示扫描量热法结合Avrami方程研究了线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、LLDPE与苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)共混体系及LLDPE与不同接枝率的SEBS共聚物接枝马来酸酐(SEBS-g-MAH)共混体系的非等温结晶动力学,探讨了SEBS-g-MAH对LLDPE结晶行为的影响.通过偏光显微镜(POM)观察了各体系的结晶形态.通过Gupta法、Jeziorny法和莫志深法分别对非等温结晶过程进行表征,结果显示:热塑性弹性体SEBS及其接枝物SEBS-g-MAH的加入阻碍了LLDPE分子链的规则排列,影响了链段在结晶扩散迁移过程中的规整排列速率,使得结晶速率变慢,对LLDPE晶体生长起了抑制作用.样品的Avrami指数均为1.1～1.5,说明LLDPE的结晶成核机理和生长方式没有改变.     

新型环氧丙烯酸树脂增韧剂的合成

用马来酸酐和聚乙二醇1000合成具有反应活性端基的聚乙二醇,用红外与核磁共振进行了表征,并用其对环氧丙烯酸树脂进行改性;研究反应温度、反应时间对反应及产物性能的影响;用红外对反应性聚乙二醇和环氧丙烯酸树脂的固化物进行分析.结果表明,反应性聚乙二醇参与了环氧丙烯酸树脂的固化反应,可在交联网络中构成不同长度的柔性链段,显著地提高了环氧丙烯酸树脂的冲击强度.     

Evaluation of the Efficiency of the Macrolactonization Using MNBA in the Synthesis of Erythromycin A Aglycon

Various intermediates for the synthesis of erythronolide A, an aglycon of erythromycin A, are prepared from the corresponding seco‐acids using 2‐methyl‐6‐nitrobenzoic anhydride (MNBA) in the presence of 4‐(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) with or without triethylamine. The efficiency of the MNBA lactonization is assessed by studying this method and comparing the results with those of the other established macrocyclization protocols. It has been finally concluded that (i) the conformationally appropriate substrate for the monomeric cyclization gave the desired lactone in excellent yield under mild reaction conditions in the presence of MNBA and DMAP, (ii) the highly‐strained substrate for the cyclization also afforded the monomeric lactone in relatively good yield at 100°C in toluene, and (iii) the seco‐acid having stable linear conformation, which preferred dimerizing more than forming the monomeric lactone, provided the corresponding diolide in high yield with the constant ratio of the monomer to dimeric lactone (approximately 1/5). © 2009 The Japan Chemical Journal Forum and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Chem Rec 9: 305–320; 2009: Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ) DOI 10.1002/tcr.200900017