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71.
André Michel Gérald Villeneuve John DiMaio 《Journal of computer-aided molecular design》1991,5(6):553-569
Summary The molecular basis underlying the divergent receptor selectivity of two cyclic opioid peptides Tyr-c[N
-d-Orn2-Gly-Phe-Leu-] (c-ORN) and [d-Pen2, l-Cys5]-enkephalinamide (c-PEN) was investigated using a molecular modeling approach. Ring closure and conformational searching procedures were used to determine low-energy cyclic backbone conformers. Following reinsertion of amino acid side chains, the narcotic alkaloid 7-[(1R)-1-methyl-1-hydroxy-3-phenylpropyl]-6,14-endoethenotetrahydro oripavine (PEO) was used as a flexible template for bimolecular superpositions with each of the determined peptide ring conformers using the coplanarity and cocentricity of the phenolic rings as the minimum constraint. A vector space of PEO, accounting for all possible orientations for the C21-aromatic ring of PEO served as a geometrical locus for the aromatic ring of the Phe4 residue in the opioid peptides. Although a vast number of polypeptide conformations satisfied the criteria of the opiate pharmacophore, they could be grouped into three classes differing in magnitude and sign of the torsional angle values of the tyrosyl side chain. Only class III conformers for both c-ORN and c-PEN, having tyramine dihedral angles 1 =–150° ± 30° and 2=–155° ± 20°, had significant structural and conformational properties that were mutually compatible while respecting the PEO vector space. Comparison of these properties in the context of the divergent receptor selectivity of the studied opioid peptides suggests that the increased distortion of the peptide backbone in the closure region of c-PEN together with the pendant ,-dimethyl group, combine to generate a steric volume which is absent in c-ORN and that may be incompatible with a restrictive topography of the receptor. The nature and stereo-chemistry of substituents adjacent to the closure region of the peptides could also modulate receptor selection by interacting with a charged () or neutral () subsite. 相似文献
72.
The paper shows a computer-assisted procedure for the optimization of selectivity of two columns coupled in series by tuning the working temperature (using the isothermal mode) and columns coupling-point pressure at constant inlet and outlet carrier gas pressures. The optimization procedure validation was tested by the separation of 32 hydrocarbons in a column series with the aim to resolve the maximum number of components in the shortest possible analysis time.Dedicated to Professor J. F. K. Huber on the occasion of his 65th birthday 相似文献
73.
I. B. Dzvinchuk 《Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds》2007,43(4):474-479
The reactions of p-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde with 5-amino-3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazole and 2-RCOCH2-1H-benzimidazoles have produced 5-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines. The transformation includes the formation
of compounds in accordance with a Hantzsch reaction containing a 1,4-dihydropyridine ring, and is completed by the aromatization
either by the splitting off of N,N-dimethylanyline or oxidation. The splitting is produced by acetic acid and the oxidation
by a nitrocompound.
__________
Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 578–584, April 2007. 相似文献
74.
I. B. Dzvinchuk A. V. Vypirailenko M. O. Lozinskii 《Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds》2004,40(9):1199-1206
Oxidative cyclocondensation of 2-aroylmethyl-1H-benzimidazoles with o-aminothiophenol gave the previously unknown 3-aryl-2-(2-benzimidazolyl)-4H-1,4-benzothiazines and (or) the isomeric 2H-1,4-benzothiazines. 2-(4-Nitrophenacyl)-1H-benzimidazole and 2-phenacylbenzothiazole gave 4H-1,4-benzothiazines which are not liable to isomerize but the reaction of the first compound is complicated by a hydrolytic fission which yields 2-[2-(4-nitrobenzoylamino)phenylthiomethyl]benzimidazole. A mixture of dimethylsulfoxide, acetic acid, and water was used as oxidant and solvent. The effect of the substituent and of the solvent on the tendency of the products to undergo prototropic isomerization in the benzothiazine ring have been studied. 相似文献
75.
76.
Saulius Armalis Inga Krikŝĉiuniene Erika Kubiliene Nii-Kotey Djane Kuria Ndungu Lennart Mathiasson 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(1-4):233-242
Abstract The performance of a flow-through mercury coated reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) electrode in the potentiometric stripping analysis (PSA) of trace metals has been examined. A wall-jet glassy carbon cell was used for the comparative experiments. Experimental parameters influencing the stripping signals have been optimised in order to use the stripping analysis after the preconcentration and matrix isolation by supported liquid membrane (SLM) technique. The SLM with di-2-ethylhexyl-phosphoric acid (DEHPA) as the extractant in the membrane liquid for proton driven transport of trace metals across the membrane has been chosen. Results presented for lead determination in river water demonstrate the analytical advantages of coupled technique SLM-PSA. 相似文献
77.
78.
Salt effects on macrophase separations in non‐stoichiometric mixtures of oppositely charged macromolecules: Theory and experiment 下载免费PDF全文
A. E. Machinskaya L. Leclercq M. Boustta M. Vert V. V. Vasilevskaya 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2016,54(17):1717-1730
In the field of biological applications, polyelectrolyte complexes are proposed to encapsulate bioactive compounds, to deliver drugs, and also to transfect genes into cells under the name of polyplexes. Complex formation is obtained by addition of a polycation solution into a polyanion solution or vice‐versa. This work proposes a theoretical approach to describe complex formation in the case of non‐stoichiometric mixtures of oppositely charged macroions having different degrees of ionization and different degrees of polymerization under different salt conditions. In a second part, comparison was made with experimental data collected when a weak polybase, namely poly(l ‐lysine) under its bromide form was added stepwise to solutions of various polyanions under their sodium salt form, namely poly(l ‐lysine citramide imide), poly(l ‐lysine citramide), and poly(β‐malic acid), the latter lacking hydroxyl groups attached to the main chain. The stability of stroichiometric complexes made of poly(l ‐lysine) and poly(l ‐lysine citramide) having different molecular masses is discussed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016 , 54, 1717–1730 相似文献
79.
80.
An alternative approach to an AB2 monomer, N‐[3,5‐bis(4‐hydroxybenzoyl)benzene]‐4‐fluorophthalimde, 4, for hyperbranched poly(arylene ether ketone imide)s has been developed. The key steps were a para‐position selective electrophilic aromatic substitution of fluorobenzene with 5‐nitroisophthaloyl dichloride and a subsequent clean conversion of the aryl fluorides to phenol groups using potassium hydroxide as the nucleophile. The overall yield for the synthesis of 4 was 51.6%. 相似文献