交联助剂对PPC／NBR弹性体结构和性能的影响

研究了马来酸酐（ＭＡ）及异氰脲酸三烯丙酯（ＴＡＩＣ）对聚丙撑碳酸酯／丁腈橡胶共混弹性体结构和性能的影响，发出加入ＭＡ或ＴＡＩＣ能有效地改善交联网络；加入适量ＭＡ能显著改善共混弹性体热氧老化稳定性；加入ＴＡＩＣ使共混弹性体具有优良的高弹特性和力学性能。     

自增强高性能聚合物的成型工艺同力学性能间相关性研究——1.超高分子量聚乙烯的应力诱导结晶理论和其自增强作用

本文发展了一种高分子量聚合物熔融体的应力诱导结晶结构形态模型,它是由微晶聚集体(以下简称微区)-高分子链组网和缠结网的网络结构组成。基于上述模型,把二种网中的单个链组作为独立的统计单元和形变单元,计算了二种网中单个链组的末端距分布函数,进一步计算了二种网和总网的形变自由能。在此基础上,讨论了诱导结晶结晶机理和自增强聚合物网络自由能的依赖性,并着重地研究了超拉伸高聚物的起始熔点拉伸比间的关系。用超高分子量聚乙烯膜和超取向高密度聚乙烯纤维的起始熔点和拉伸比的实验数据进行处理,得到理论予期的近似直线关系,初步验证了聚合物网应力诱导结晶理论。     

均相催化剂催化合成碳酸亚丙酯

分别就单组为催化剂和双组分催化剂对二氧化碳与环氧丙烷合成碳酸亚丙酯的催化活性进行了研究。实验结果表明，在单组分催化体系中，相转移催化剂，如十六烷基三甲基漠化按、四丁基演化铵对上述酯化反应具有较高的催化活性此外，盐酸羟胺、三苯基磷也有一定的催化活性；在双组分催化体系中，KI／PEG（聚乙二醇）体系具有很高的催化活性，能在较短时间内、较低的压力下高产率地得到碳酸亚丙酯，而某些金属盐、有机碱、季接盐的适当红合，也能有效地催化该反应。     

光交联聚乙烯材料的光稳定性研究

本文中用紫外光敏化的方法对低密度聚乙烯进行了交联,并利用ESCA和ATR-IR等手段研究了交联后材抖的光稳定性及其改进办法。     

Sorption of carbon dioxide by the composite sorbent “potassium carbonate in porous matrix”

Sorption of CO₂ in the presence of water vapor by the K₂CO₃—-Al₂O₃ composite sorbent was studied by IR spectroscopy in situ, X-ray diffraction analysis, and the differentiating dissolution method and reasons for a decrease in its dynamic capacity are given. The samples containing K₂CO₃·1.5H₂O in pores are characterized by the maximal dynamic capacity. A mechanism for CO₂ sorption was proposed, which qualitatively explains the obtained dependence of the capacity on the water content in the composite sorbent. A high dynamic capacity can be maintained by regeneration of the sorbents by water vapor at 170 °N. The capacity of the sorbents decreases during the first 10 sorption—regeneration cycles due to the formation of an inactive phase of potassium aluminum carbonate.     

碳酸二甲酯法合成1，5-二氨基甲酸甲酯的反应机理

应用红外光谱技术研究了在乙酸锌催化作用下1，5-萘二胺与碳酸二甲酯甲氧基羰基化反应机理．结果表明，二水合乙酸锌只有失去两个结晶水变成无水乙酸锌后才能产生催化活性．无水乙酸锌与1，5-萘二胺形成一个新的配位络合物，该配位络合物是一个适宜的亲核试剂，能与碳酸二甲酯进行亲核反应，生成1，5-萘二胺的甲氧基羰基化产物．在无水乙酸锌与1，5-萘二胺形成配位络合物的过程中，无水乙酸锌的结构从双齿型转变成单齿型．     

Liquid-liquid Extraction System Based on Non-ionic Surfactant-salt-H_2O and Mechanism of Drug Extraction

The utilization of solid-liquid extraction system based on polymer-(NH4)2SO4 -H2O on separation of metal ions and bio-active substances has been summarized1. Cloud point extraction (CPE) benefits the environment and has been used in separation of metal chelates, biomacromolecules and in pretreatment of environmental samples2-4. In a 10 mL color comparison tube 20% PEG-1000 and 2.5 g (NH4)2SO4 were chosen as phase separation condition at pH 5.5. The average extraction efficiencies we…     

低分子量聚乙烯双单体非均相共接枝

在非均相体系中采用甲苯－水共沸条件下由自由基引发剂引发，低分子量的聚乙烯与丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸甲酯进行双单体共接枝反应，从而对非极性聚乙烯进行化学改性，探索一条新型聚乙烯接枝改性的途径，考察了反应温度、时间、物料比、引发剂用量等诸多因素对接枝效果的影响。     

New supports for enzyme immobilization based on copolymers of vinylene carbonate and acrylamide

In this study, a series of beadlike and hydrophilic supports containing reactive cyclic carbonate groups for enzyme immobilization were prepared via reverse-phase suspension copolymerization of the aqueous solutions of vinylene carbonate (VCA), acrylamide (AA), and N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide in paraffin oil. The supports were used as a matrix for immobilization of trypsin and showed a considerable capacity to couple with trypsin and reasonable retention of activity for the immobilized trypsin, depending on the immobilization conditions, such as the content of VCA structural units, reaction time, and pH of the medium.     

均匀棒状过氧化氢合碳酸钠制备及非等温热分解动力学

本文制备了均匀棒状过氧化氢合碳酸钠，化学分析确定其组成为Na₂CO₃·1.5H₂O₂，用DTA-TG-DTG技术并辅以X-ray分析研究了它在静态空气、流动氧气和流动氮气气氛中的非等温热分解过程及动力学。