注塑型聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯多通道微流控芯片的研制及其性能考察

微流控芯片技术因具有微量、快速、高效和高通量等特点,已成为分析化学领域中的研究热点之一．在微流控芯片中,最常见的可用作芯片的材料为玻璃、石英和各种塑料．玻璃和石英有很好的电渗性和光学性质,可采用标准的刻蚀工艺加工和用化学方法进行表面改性,但加工成本较高,封接难度较大．     

THERMOTROPIC LIQUID CRYSTALLINE COPOLYESTERS-SOLID STATE POLYMORPHISM

This paper offers some new evidence on the polymorphism of solid state of liquid crystalline aromatic copolyesters which were prepared in our laboratory. The effects of different treatment conditions(quenching and annealing) on solid structure have been examined mainly by DSC and X-ray diffraction. The discussion focuses on the supercooled mesophase and low temperature solid-solid transition, the shifting of double melting peaks of annealed samples and the changing of their ΔH data depending on the treatment temperature, time and thermal scanning rate.     

SYNTHESIS OF CROSS-CONJUGATED （p-PHENYLENE）S-POLY（p- PHENYLENEVINYLENE）S HYBRIDS WITH LOW CONTENT OF STRUCTURAL DEFECTS

The novel shish-kebab-type liquid crystalline cross-conjugated （p-phenylene）s-poly（p-phenylenevinylene）s hybrid was synthesized through Gilch polymerization. Their structures and properties were characterized by NMR, GPC, DSC, X-ray diffraction and polarizing optical microscope （POM）. ^1H-NMR investigation of the polymers indicates that the shish-kebab-structure has a strong ability to suppress the structural defects in the polymers. The polymers are enantiotropic liquid crystals. The melting point （Tm） of the polymers decreases when the length of the alkoxy tails of the mesogenic units increases. The mesophase was identified by X-ray diffraction method. They showed not only a smectic LC phase, but also a strong green fluorescence in chloroform. The maximum absorption band of the ＂kebabs＂ of the two, 5-bis（4＇- alkoxyphenyl）benzene at 280 nm did not appear in absorption spectra of the polymers. The same phenomena were also observed in the fluorescence spectra. These results imply that the polymers have formed a cross-conjugated uniform structure and achieved an extended n-conjugation polymer.     

Polarity and steric effect of the lateral substituent on the mesophase behaviour of some newly prepared liquid crystals

Eight homologous series of 2- (or 3-) substituted phenyl 4?-(4?-alkoxy phenylazo) benzoates (In_a–h) were prepared in which, within each homologous series, the length of the terminal alkoxy group varies between 6, 8, 10 and 12 carbons, while the other substituent, X, is a laterally attached polar group that alternatively changed from CH₃, H, F, Br and CN. Compounds prepared were characterised by infrared and ¹H-NMR spectroscopy, and their mesophase behaviour investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and identified by polarised light microscopy. The results were discussed in terms of polarity and steric effects. The stability of the mesophase was correlated once with the dipolar anisotropy of the whole molecule and another with the dipolar anisotropy of the substituent, X. A comparative study was made between the investigated compounds and their previously prepared linear 4-substituted isomers, namely 4-substituted phenyl 4?-(4?-alkoxy phenylazo) benzoates (In_i–k).     

硬脂酸/异氰酸酯摩尔比对聚丙烯/木粉复合材料性能的影响

用甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯（TDI）和硬脂酸（SA）复合改性木粉,在双螺杆挤出机中制备了聚丙烯（PP）基的木塑复合材料（WPC）,研究了SA/TDI摩尔比对木粉表面性能、复合材料力学性能和加工性能的影响。 结果表明,随着SA/TDI摩尔比的增大,改性木粉的表面张力逐渐减小,与PP的界面张力先减小后增大;与未改性的WPC相比,SA/TDI复合改性剂对WPC的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、缺口冲击强度影响不明显,但对无缺口冲击强度提升较大;当SA/TDI摩尔比为1.07时,复合材料的无缺口冲击强度和熔体质量流动速率分别达到9.74 kJ/m2和13.12 g/10 min,分别比未改性WPC提高了77%和22%。     

Liquid‐crystalline organic–inorganic hybrid polymers with functionalized silsesquioxanes

Liquid‐crystalline (LC) hybrid polymers with functionalized silsesquioxanes with various proportions of LC monomer were synthesized by the reaction of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) macromonomer with methacrylate monomer having an LC moiety under common free‐radical conditions. The obtained LC hybrid polymers were soluble in common solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and chloroform, and their structures were characterized with Fourier transform infrared, ¹H NMR, and ²⁹Si NMR. The thermal stability of the hybrid polymers was increased with an increasing ratio of POSS moieties as the inorganic part. Because of the steric hindrance caused by the bulkiness of the POSS macromonomer, the number‐average molecular weight of the hybrid polymers gradually decreased as the molar percentage of POSS in the feed increased. Their liquid crystallinities were very dependent on the POSS segments of the hybrid polymers behaving as hard, compact components. The hybrid polymer with 90 mol % LC moiety (Cube‐LC90) showed liquid crystallinity, larger glass‐transition temperatures, and better stability with respect to the LC homopolymer. The results of differential scanning calorimetry and optical polarizing microscopy showed that Cube‐LC90 had a smectic‐mesophase‐like fine‐grained texture. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 39: 4035–4043, 2001     

微波消解ICP-AES法测定玩具塑料中镉

采用微波加压消解溶样，ICP-AES法测定玩具塑料中镉含量，选择最佳工作条件，方法简便、快速、可靠。适用于各类玩具塑料中镉含量的分析。     

Columnar bis(pyridinium) ionic liquid crystals derived from 4-hydroxypyridine: synthesis,mesomorphism and emission properties

A series of flexibly linked bis(pyridinium) salts with various counterions (Br^?, PF₆^?, BF₄^? and OTf-) was designed and prepared starting from corresponding N-alkylated 4-pyridones precursors with mesogenic 3,4,5-tris(alkyloxy)benzyl moieties (alkyl = dodecyl or tetradecyl). These salts were investigated for their liquid crystalline properties by a combination of differential scanning calorimetry, polarising optical microscopy and temperature-dependent powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Their thermal stability was checked by thermogravimetric analysis. All bis(pyridinium) salts, except the triflate salt with shorter terminal carbon chain, display an enantiotropic liquid crystalline behaviour with a hexagonal columnar (Col_h) phase assigned on the basis of its characteristic texture and XRD studies. It was found that these luminescent bis(pyridinium) salts show weak emission in dichloromethane solutions at room temperature and a pronounced red-shifted emission in solid state. The emission properties of these bis(pyridinium) salts do not depend significantly on the nature of counterion employed.     

PC聚合物的再利用研究

聚碳酸酯(PC)是手机外壳常用材料,它是一种综合性能优异的热塑性工程塑料,具有较高的回收价值.采用熔融再生方法分别对同种无涂层手机外壳、浅色混杂带涂层和深色混杂带涂层手机外壳三种PC回收料进行了再生利用,对注塑样品进行了力学性能测试,并对断口进行了分析.研究结果表明,三种PC回收料再生后拉伸强度和弯曲强度值较为接近,其中拉伸强度略低于PC原生料,而弯曲强度高于原生料.无涂层PC回收料延伸率和冲击韧性分别达到了24kJ/m2和65;,而混杂带涂层回收料只有它的一半左右.     

有限宽板孔边弹塑性变形测试

测量应变集中区域的弹塑性变形，对于研究材料损伤或微裂纹的产生，以预防宏观裂纹的产生及扩展具有重要的意义。为给航空发动机轮盘的损伤容限设计研究提供相关材料的力学实验参数，做了两个有限宽中心带孔试件的拉伸试验。试验中，采用单调逐级加、卸栽的循环加栽方式，并应用自动网格法和数字图像相关技术测量了孔用的全场位移分布。再应用最小二乘法将离散的位移分量拟合成二元多项式函数，求解出拉伸方向的应变分布，并给出孔边应力σ与孔边应变εy的关系曲线。