pH-Sensitive Wettability Induced by Topologicaland Chemical Transition on the Self AssembledSurface of Block Copolymer简

pH-sensitive wettability of polystyrene-b-poly（4-vinylpyridine） （PS-b-P4VP） self assembled films, exhibiting superoleophobicity under water and hydrophilicity at low pH value, and oleophobicity under water and hydrophobicity at neutral condition, has been realized. The wettability properties resulted from the surface topological and chemical transition, which were confirmed by in situ AFM measurements under water at different pH. At low pH, P4VP chains, which were confined in the hexagonal-packed nanodomains, got protonated into a swollen state, while at high pH, P4VP chains were deprotonated into a collapsed state. The reversible protonation/deprotonation procedure on the molecular scale leads to surface topological and chemical transition, thereby pH-sensitive wettability.     

关于一元酸准确滴定判据的商榷

化学分析教科书中给出的弱酸能被准确滴定的条件是cKa≥1.0×10-8。本文根据这一判据的来源(滴定突跃≥0.3pH单位),对一元酸体系的滴定情况进行了严格数学处理。计算结果表明,只有同时满足弱酸的浓度c1.0×10-3mol/L和cKa≥1.0×10-8条件下,弱酸才能被准确滴定。对于浓度极稀的酸溶液(c≤1.4×10-4mol/L),无论强酸还是弱酸都不能被准确滴定。对教材很少涉及的不同浓度酸碱互相滴定的情况也给出了有价值的结论。     

A Frequency-Selective pH-Responsive paraCEST Agent

Paramagnetic chemical exchange saturation transfer (paraCEST) agents are well-suited for imaging tissue pH because the basis of CEST, chemical exchange, is inherently sensitive to pH. Several previous pH-sensitive paraCEST agents were based on an exchanging Ln³⁺-bound water molecule as the CEST antenna but this design often added additional line-broadening to the bulk water signal due to T₂ exchange. We report herein a pH-sensitive paraCEST agent that lacks an inner-sphere water molecule but contains one Ln-bound −OH group for CEST activation. The Yb³⁺ complex, Yb( 1 ), displayed a single, highly shifted CEST peak originating from the exchangeable Yb-OH proton, the frequency of which changed over the biologically relevant pH range. CEST images of phantoms ranging in pH from 6 to 8 demonstrate the potential of this agent for imaging pH. Initial rodent imaging studies showed that Gd( 1 ) remains in the vascular system much longer than anticipated but is cleared slowly via renal filtration.     

反式阿魏酸钌配合物的合成、表征、荧光光谱及其与DNA/蛋白作用

对天然产物反式阿魏酸进行化学修饰,设计、合成了2种单核钌配合物[Ru(cym)(L)Cl]Cl (Ru-1)与[Ru(bpy)2(L)]Cl2(Ru-2)(cym=对伞花烃,bpy=2,2′-联吡啶,L=(E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-((4′-methyl-(2,2′-bipyridin)-4-yl)methyl)acrylamide),通过核磁共振氢谱和碳谱、电喷雾质谱对配合物进行了结构表征。利用荧光、紫外-可见光谱等方法研究了配合物的溶解性和光学性质。配合物均具有良好的亲水性。Ru-2有良好的荧光性能,其发射波长达到近红外的631 nm,且可以在pH值为8～10之间实现响应。Ru-2还具有较高的单线态氧量子产率(Φ=0.70),有望成为一类高效的光敏剂。2种配合物都与CT-DNA发生嵌入作用(Kb分别为1.210×104和1.233×103L·mol-1);均与BSA有一个结合位点,使其荧光发生静态淬灭(Ka值分别为1.94×104,2.45×104)。     

基于科学态度与社会责任的反向思维教学——以“元素化学”为例

“科学态度与社会责任”是《普通高中课程标准(2017年版)》提出的5大化学学科核心素养之一,但在课堂教学实践中对其的培养却往往流于形式和表面,使得学生并不能真正理解和认同化学学科与社会发展的密切关系。在元素化学的必修课和选修课课堂教学中进行了一系列的“反向思维”教学尝试,通过建立“当某种元素不存在”这一假设来引导学生思考此情境对社会生产生活的影响。通过此教学尝试,让学生在获得元素知识的同时,深刻认识元素价值,并理解化学科学与现代社会发展的重要关系,提升学生的社会使命感与责任感;使学生进一步树立科学利用元素资源和建设现代化祖国的远大志向。     

初中化学教学中培育社会责任素养*——以“燃料及其利用”复习教学为例

在分析“社会责任”素养内涵和研究现状的基础上,制订了初中化学“燃料及其利用”复习教学课的“社会责任”素养目标,并设计了以“秸秆综合利用的变迁”以及“历史悠久的薪柴燃料-使用方便的化石燃料-清洁环保的新型燃料”的燃料“进化史”为主线的教学流程。从“燃料及其利用”复习教学来看,初中化学教学可以通过真实情境、创新实验和有意义的学习经历等实践路径让学生获得“社会责任”体验,形成“社会责任”素养。     

pH electrodes based on iridium oxide films for marine monitoring

The pH is an important parameter that affects the growth and development of marine organisms, environmental changes, and industrial and agricultural production processes. Nowadays, important trends in pH detection and analysis are higher stability, adaptation to extreme environmental conditions, miniaturization, portability, and digital intelligence. Several studies have focused on the application of the iridium oxide film (IROF) pH electrodes in water quality monitoring and physiological analysis. The central aim of this work was to review the preparation techniques of the IROF pH electrodes and to expand their application in the field of marine monitoring. The studied methods include electrochemical deposition, electrochemical growth, sputtering deposition, heat treatment, and novel preparation methods. The IROF pH electrodes prepared via these methods are more sensitive, have a wider pH measurement ranges, and can be miniaturized further than traditional glass and pH photometer. Hence, in environmental analysis, combining IROF pH electrodes with wireless technology for the physiological and biochemical analysis of marine organisms, seawater, and sediment pore water is an important development tendency.     

pH计检定仪期间核查方法

介绍pH计检定仪的4种期间核查方法:传递比较法、多台对比法、留样测量法、实验室间比对法。传递比较法能直接反应pH计检定仪的变化,适用于已建立pH计检定仪检定装置的单位;多台对比法与留样测量法方便、快捷,可操作性强,适合大多数单位进行pH计检定仪的期间核查;实验室间比对法对设备要求较低,但需要协调的单位较多,周期较长,费用较高,实用性差。     

Wearable Multiparameter Platform Based on AlGaN/GaN High‐electron‐mobility Transistors for Real‐time Monitoring of pH and Potassium Ions in Sweat

Biosensors based on field‐effect transistor (FET) structures have attracted considerable attention because they offer rapid, inexpensive parallel sensing and ultrasensitive label‐free detection. However, long‐term repeatable detection cannot be performed, and Ag/AgCl reference electrode design is complicated, which has hindered FET biosensors from becoming truly wearable health‐monitoring platforms. In this paper, we propose a novel wearable detection platform based on AlGaN/GaN high‐electron‐mobility transistors (HEMTs). In this platform, a sweatband was used to continuously collect sweat, and a pH detecting unit and a potassium ion detecting unit were formed by modifying different sensitive films to realize the long‐term stable and repeatable detection of pH and potassium ions. Experimental data show that the wearable detection platform based on AlGaN/GaN HEMTs has good sensitivity (pH 3–7 sensitivity is 45.72 μA/pH; pH 7.4–9 sensitivity is 51.073 μA/pH; and K⁺ sensitivity is 4.94 μA/lgα_K⁺), stability (28 days) and repeatability (the relative standard deviation (RSD) of pH 3–7 sensitivity is 2.6 %, the RSD of pH 7.4–9 sensitivity is 2.1 %, and the RSD of K⁺ sensitivity is 7.3 %). Our newly proposed wearable platform has excellent potential for predictive analytics and personalized medical treatment.