Three-Component Olive Oil-In-Water High Internal Phase Emulsions Stabilized by Palm Surfactant and Their Moisturizing Properties

In the present study, olive oil was used for the preparation of three-component high internal phase emulsions with oil volume fraction of more than 0.77 stabilized by palm-based polyoxyethylene lauryl ether for the first time. These emulsions were investigated on their morphology, structural properties, stability, and hydration efficacy. Droplet size distribution observed from the optical micrographs was in agreement with the light scattering results, which suggested that droplet size was influenced by oil phase and surfactant concentrations. Rheological results exhibiting flow curves cross-over implied structural build-up that gave rise to high stability which was supported by stable three-month storage at an elevated temperature. The hydration efficacy of the emulsion was examined in vivo using a corneometer.     

脱氢枞氧基聚氧乙烯缩水甘油醚接枝羟乙基壳聚糖水凝胶制备及其性能

通过脱氢枞醇聚氧乙烯（10）醚（DA（EO）₁₀H）与环氧氯丙烷缩合后,再在NaOH存在下脱氯化氢得到脱氢枞氧基聚氧乙烯（10）缩水甘油醚（DA（EO）₁₀GE）,然后通过DA（EO）₁₀GE对羟乙基壳聚糖（HECTS）的接枝制备DA（EO）₁₀GE接枝羟乙基壳聚糖（DA（EO）₁₀GE-g-HECTS）,最后利用Genipin对DA（EO）₁₀GE-g-HECTS进行交联,得到DA（EO）₁₀GE-g-HECTS/Genipin水凝胶。研究结果表明：DA（EO）₁₀GE对HECTS糖单元摩尔比的增加能提高DA（EO）₁₀GE-g-HECTS的接枝度,并延长其与Genipin交联形成凝胶的时间;增加Genipin的用量可提高接枝产物与Genipin交联形成凝胶的能力;负载于DA（EO）₁₀GE-g-HECTS/Genipin凝胶中的氯霉素在人工肠液中的累积释放率与时间的关系,可以很好地用Boltzmann函数描述,且提高接枝度和降低Genipin用量有利于提高药物的最终累积释放率;低接枝度DA（EO）₁₀GE-g-HECTS经Genipin交联形成的载药凝胶,其药物释放行为符合一级动力学方程的特征。     

Dispersion copolymerization of poly(oxyethylene) macromonomers and styrene

The kinetics of dispersion copolymerization of methacryloyl-terminated poly(oxyethylene) (PEO-MA) and p-vinylbenzyl-terminated (PEO-St) polyoxyethylene macromonomers and styrene (St), initiated by a water- and/or oil-soluble initiator, was investigated using conventional gravimetric and NMR methods at 60°C. The batch copolymerizations in the water/ethanol continuous phase were conducted to high conversion. The rate of polymerization was described by the curve with a maximum at very low conversion. The initial rate of polymerization and the number-average molecular weight were found to decrease with increasing [PEO-MA], and the decrease was more pronounced in the range of a high macromonomer concentration. The rate per particle (at ca. 20% conversion) was found to be proportional to the −1.55th, the particle size to the −0.92nd, and the number of particles (at final conversion) to the 3.2nd power of [PEO-MA], respectively. At the beginning of polymerization the continuous phase is the main reaction locus. As the polymerization advances, the reaction locus is shifted from the continuous phase to the polymer particles. The transform of the reaction loci from the continuous phase to the polymer particles increases the rate of polymerization and the polymer molecular weights. The increase of the weight ratio PEO-MA/St favors the formation of monodisperse polymer particles, the colloidal stability of dispersion, and the formation of a larger number of polymer particles. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 3131–3139, 1997     

气相色谱法测定十二醇聚氧乙烯醚的分子量分布

对非离子表面活性剂十二醇聚氧乙烯醚产品的同在质量－分子量分布的测定方法进行了研究。首先将ＡＥＯ产品进行三甲基硅烷化预处理,采用ＯＶ－１７固定相进行了气相色谱的分析,以标样和文献对照进行了定性与定量,测定结果可以很好地反映出ＡＥＯ产品的分子量分布。     

温控相转移配体及催化(Ⅴ)——单,双-对聚氧乙烯基三苯基膦的合成及其催化性能研究

近年来,水／有机两相催化已成为均相催化多相化研究的主流［１］．其中,新型水溶性膦配体的合成和两相催化新体系的设计尤为引人关注［２］．最近我们发现［３］,聚醚型水溶性膦－铑催化剂在高温下可溶入有机相对反应进行催化,而在冷却后又重返水相和产物分离．本文通...     

可聚合型琥珀酸聚氧乙烯醚酯磺酸钠的合成与性能

以马来酸酐、烷基醇及烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、氯代烯烃、亚硫酸氢钠为主要原料,经过单酯化、双酯化、磺化反应合成了两系列具有非离子结构的琥珀酸双酯磺酸钠阴离子型可聚合表面活性剂——琥珀酸聚氧乙烯醚酯磺酸钠,并测试了性能和进行聚合反应。经IR和1H NMR表征,目标化合物均符合相应的结构特征。与传统表面活性剂相比,两系列目标化合物均具有较低的临界胶束浓度(0.17mol/m3~0.32mol/m3),较低的表面张力(34.70mN/m~40.20mN/m),目标化合物发泡力和分散力大大提高,而乳化力稍有下降;在乳液聚合中,使用琥珀酸聚氧乙烯醚酯磺酸钠既能提高乳液的固含量又能使乳液粒子的粒径更小,分布更窄。     

聚合物对非离子十二烷基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚浊点的影响

测定了水溶性高分子聚乙二醇(PEC1000、PEG2000、PEG6000)和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP-K30、PVP-K90)对三种非离子表面活性剂十二烷基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚C12H25O(EO)m(PO)nH(LS36,m=3,n=6;LS5,m=4,n=5;LS54,m=5,n=4)浊点的影响.结果表明,聚乙二醇(PEG)可使三种表面活性剂水溶液浊点降低;而聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)随其浓度增加,表面活性剂溶液浊点先升高然后又下降;浊点下降程度与聚合物浓度和分子量有关.     

Aqueous foam stabilized by polyoxyethylene dodecyl ether

Foaming properties of aqueous solutions of the nonionic surfactant polyoxyethylene dodecyl ether (C₁₂EO _n ) were studied at 298 K. Four different EO chain lengths, namely C₁₂EO₃, C₁₂EO₅, C₁₂EO₇, and C₁₂EO₉, were considered. The foams obtained from C₁₂EO₃ or C₁₂EO₅ were extraordinary stable retaining a constant volume for more than 20 h. The presence of lamellar liquid crystalline phases was mainly responsible for the super-stable aqueous foams.     

脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺酸钠的性能研究

对合成的不同碳链脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺酸钠(AnESO,EO=3,n=14,16,18)的应用性能及与重烷基苯磺酸钠(HABS)的复配进行了研究.结果表明:(1)AnESO的γcmc分别为36.16 mN·m-1,35.47 mN·m-1和34.85 mN·m-1,A14ESO发泡性较好,A18ESO稳泡性较强,耐钙稳定性分别达到了8700mg/L,9500mg/L和10000mg/L,耐盐性为A18ESO ＞ A16ESO ＞A14ESO;(2)AnESO与HABS复配可以改善HABS的耐盐性,AnESO/HABS体系与大庆原油间的界面张力在ω(AnESO):ω(HABS)约为3:7时最低,达到了3.9×10-2mN·m-1,1.4×10-2mN·m-1和4.3×10-3mN·m-1,A18ESO/HABS体系油水界面张力在NaCl含量为0～15000mg·L-1下均达到10-3mN·m-1数量级.     

Freeze-fracture electron microscopy study of mesophases in mixtures of polyoxyethylene (14) oleylether and water

Mixtures of polyoxyethyleneoleylether, with an average of 14 oxyethylene units per molecule, and water, were investigated at between 20 and 100C using polarization microscopy. A lamellar (L ), hexagonal (H ₁), viscous isotropic (V ₁) and cubic (I ₁) mesophase were found and an outline of the pseudo binary phase diagram was constructed. The mesophases were investigated with freeze-fracture electron microscopy and micrographs of characteristic textures are presented.L andH ₁ displayed well known features, the repeat distances observed were in good agreement with findings from X-ray diffraction.H ₁ showed fracture planes with and without a ribbed pattern. Using specific decoration with ice crystals, fracture planes with the ribbed pattern were found to be more hydrophilic.V ₁ showed regular patterns, in some places forming a square lattice, in other places resembling a network of short rods with two-dimensional hexagonal symmetry. The repeat spacing observed in the textures was about 11 nm.I ₁ showed foremost fractured layers with a fine texture of spherical units in a two-dimensional hexagonal array. The centre-to-centre distance between these units was about 8–9 nm.