改性ZSM-5分子筛催化甲苯、甲醇苯环烷基化反应的研究进展

综述了近三十年来国内外有关在改性ＺＳＭ－５沸石催化剂上,甲苯、甲醇苯环烷基化制备对二甲苯反应的研究状况。经过改性的ＸＳＭ－５型沸石具有合适的孔径和适当强度及数量的表面酸中心,有利于反应活性及选择性的提高。参考文献１４５篇。     

铁钼氧化物TPD-MS及催化性能的研究

制备了一系列不同配比的Ｆｅ－Ｍｏ氧化物催化剂,采用比表面积,ＸＲＤ,ＦＴ－ＩＲ和ＬＲＳ等方法,考察了催化剂的有关物化性质,测定了对甲苯选择性氧化生成苯甲醛的催化活性。用ＴＰＤ－ＭＳ技术研究了催化剂表面氧物种的脱附。结果表明,随着样品中Ｆｅ／Ｍｏ含量的改变,表面氧物种的脱附峰的峰温,氧脱附量和脱附活化能Ｅｄ也发生变化。３＃样品的氧脱附峰峰温较低,表面氧物种Ｏ＾－和Ｏ＾２－脱附量最大,Ｅｄ值最小,生成     

采用二维气相色谱及毛细管色谱柱分析汽油中苯和甲苯的含量

采用微板流路控制技术(Deans Switch)和常见的商品毛细管柱HP-5 (30 m×0.32 mm×0.25 μm)和Rtx-TCEP (30 m×0.25 mm×0.4 μm),建立了一种全新的分析车用汽油中苯和甲苯含量的二维气相色谱方法。用该方法分析汽油中0～5%的苯和0～20%的甲苯,两者校正曲线的线性关系良好,相关系数分别为0.9994和0.9999;标准样品5次重复测定的相对标准偏差均小于1.5%;车用汽油实际样品中苯和甲苯的加标回收率在96.8%～103.8%之间。车用汽油实际样品测定结果和SH/T 0713-2002标准方法测定结果一致。该方法是车用汽油中苯和甲苯含量测定的一种简便快捷、准确可靠的分析方法。     

Adsorption of Toluene and Water over Cationic-Exchanged Y Zeolites: A DFT Exploration

In this study, density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been performed to investigate the adsorption mechanisms of toluene and water onto various cationic forms of Y zeolite (LiY, NaY, KY, CsY, CuY and AgY). Our computational investigation revealed that toluene is mainly adsorbed via π–interactions on alkalis exchanged Y zeolites, where the adsorbed toluene moiety interacts with a single cation for all cases with the exception of CsY, where two cations can simultaneously contribute to the adsorption of the toluene, hence leading to the highest interaction observed among the series. Furthermore, we find that the interaction energies of toluene increase while moving down in the alkaline series where interaction energies are 87.8, 105.5, 97.8, and 114.4 kJ/mol for LiY, NaY, KY and CsY, respectively. For zeolites based on transition metals (CuY and AgY), our calculations reveal a different adsorption mode where only one cation interacts with toluene through two carbon atoms of the aromatic ring with interaction energies of 147.0 and 131.5 kJ/mol for CuY and AgY, respectively. More importantly, we show that water presents no inhibitory effect on the adsorption of toluene, where interaction energies of this latter were 10 kJ/mol (LiY) to 47 kJ/mol (CsY) higher than those of water. Our results point out that LiY would be less efficient for the toluene/water separation while CuY, AgY and CsY would be the ideal candidates for this application.     

电合成间苯氧基苯甲酸

以Nafion417作隔膜,Pb-PbO2作阳极,Pb作阴极,电解氧化Cr(Ⅲ)为Cr(Ⅵ),然后以Cr(Ⅵ)为氧化媒质,氧化间甲基二苯醚为间苯氧基苯甲酸.研究了在Nafion417隔膜槽中影响Cr(Ⅲ)电氧化的因素,并进一步探究优化电合成间苯氧基苯甲酸的工艺条件.     

Surface reconstruction of chiral glassy oligomers under the action of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

The response of chiral polymers to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was studied by atomic force microscopy. It was found that under the influence of toluene vapour, the focal conic domains on the surface of chiral polymer undergo remarkable reconstruction that is at least partially reversible. This opens new ways for building VOC sensors and using surface reconstruction in creating new surface patterns for nanotechnology.     

Effect of the surface vanadium valence state on activity and selectivity properties of (VO)2P2O7 used as catalyst in the ammoxidation of toluene

The effect of the surface vanadium valence state of a (VO)₂P₂O₇ catalyst, which was changed by reductive as well as oxidative pretreatment, on its catalytic properties in toluene ammoxidation to benzonitrile is reported.     

Absorption of toluene in poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone)

The absorption and swelling of poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) in toluene as a function of resin morphology and temperature in the range 35–95°C was investigated. In all cases the weight gain curves exhibit three characteristics: (1) an induction period, which is a strong function of both temperature and initial crystallinity, (2) a main absorption region, which is linear with square-root time, and (3) a final equilibrium value, namely, solubility. The solubility of amorphous PEEK decreases with temperature and the heat of solution is ?0.93 kcal/mol. The induction period varies with the fourth power of the crystallinity and decreases with temperature with an apparent activation energy of 50 kcal/mol. The strength of the interaction between the crystalline regions is markedly reduced at temperatures greater than 80°C. Swelling accompanying the absorption of the toluene is highly anisotropic with most of the dimensional changes occurring in the thickness direction. The deswelling process, however, is essentially isotropic. The concentration of toluene in solution has a strong effect on the transport process; the equilibrium solubility of toluene in amorphous PEEK immersed in a toluene/iso-octane mixture is a linear function of toluene concentration; but the pseudo-diffusion coefficient for the absorption of toluene varies approximately with the fourth power of its concentration.     

Pt／NM,Pd／NM催化剂上甲苯深度氧化反应动力学

在氧气过量的条件下，考察了Ｐｔ／ＮＭ、Ｐｄ／ＮＭ催化剂上甲苯深度氧化反应动力学及反应活性。Ｐｔ／ＮＭ催化剂对甲苯的氢化活性高于Ｐｄ／ＮＭ，深度氧化反应服从反应物强吸附双分子反应Ｌｔａｎｇｍｕｉｒ－Ｈｉｎｓｈｅｌｗｏｏｄ机理，其动力学方程为：相应的动力学参数，Ｐｔ／ＮＭ为：活化能△Ｅ＝４９．９ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，吸附热Ｑ＝－２９．６ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ；Ｐｄ／ＮＭ为：△Ｅ＝９４．２ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，Ｑ＝－１９．１ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ．     

甲基苯热裂解机理的理论研究

在半经验UAM1方法及从头算UHF／3－21G*水平的基础上，用考虑了电子相关效应的密度泛函UB3LYP／3－21G＊方法对碳前驱体甲基苯的热裂解反应机理进行了研究，并对反应物、产物自由基及过渡态的结构进行了能量梯度法全优化。计算结果表明，甲基苯的热裂解温度较低时，首先支持苯环甲基上的C－H键断裂，继而发生生成联二甲苯的反应。随着温度的提高，生成苯自由基的反应比例将增加，同时发生少量的苯环上C－H键断裂的反应。该反应机理与实验结果相一致；用密度泛函方法UB3LYP／3－21G*计算的反应标准焓变ΔH与实验值吻合较好。