超强碱K2O对甲苯甲醇侧链烷基化反应的影响

采用离子交换法、浸渍法和焙烧分解法制备了x%K2O/KLSX(x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4)催化剂,KLSX上的超强碱性位K2O通过KNO3分解制得。考察了x%K2O/KLSX的甲苯甲醇侧链烷基化反应催化性能及超强碱性位K2O对反应的影响。超强碱性位K2O可以更好的极化甲苯甲基,以及催化甲醇转化为烷基化中间体,甚至完全分解为CO和H2。KLSX 和 1%K2O/KLSX因碱性较弱所以活性较低,3%K2O/KLSX和4%K2O/KLSX因含超强碱性位太多和可利用L酸性位太少,其活性也很低。相比之下,2%K2O/KLSX具有足够量的弱L酸位来吸附甲苯,以及适当强度的碱性位来转化甲醇和活化甲苯甲基,因此具有较高的催化甲苯甲醇侧链烷基化反应活性。     

钴/碳纤维电化学催化氧化甲苯性能研究

以纤维状活性碳吸附Co2+作为电极,在水溶液体系中,高效吸附-电化学催化氧化两步联动法矿化处理气态甲苯。实验结果显示,甲苯通过电化学反应器后能够被有效的降解。在电流密度为0.05 A·cm-2,电解电压为12 V,鼓气速率为80 L·h-1的条件下,甲苯的去除率达90%以上。甲苯降解后的主要产物为苯甲酸。     

焙烧温度对Ni/γ-Al_2O_3还原条件及催化甲苯水蒸气重整反应的影响

研究了焙烧温度对Ni/γ-Al2O3还原条件及催化甲苯水蒸气重整反应的影响。结果表明,焙烧温度对催化剂的还原条件及性能具有重要影响。700℃焙烧的催化剂在680℃的反应温度下表现出良好的反应性能,在不进行预还原的情况下仍保持了很高的催化活性及稳定性,其中,甲苯转化率达99%。并使用BET、XRD、TG-DTG等表征方法对反应前后的催化剂进行表征,随着焙烧温度的升高,催化剂比表面积降低、总孔容减小、平均孔径增大、镍与载体的结合程度逐渐增强、NiAl2O4含量逐渐增多,这是焙烧温度影响催化剂还原条件的主要原因。最后通过TEM、XPS对700℃焙烧的催化剂的结构进行了进一步的分析。     

Flüssigszintillationsmessungen wäßriger, 14C- oder 3H-haltiger Proben im Szintillationscocktail auf Toluol-Basis

Auf der Grundlage von Untersuchungen zur Mischbarkeit des ternären Systems Toluol/Methanol/Wasser wurde für Szintillatorcocktails auf Toluol-Methańol-Basis eine solche Zusammensetzung ermittelt, bei der sich ¹⁴C- oder ³H-haltige Proben in homogener Verteilung mit dem LS-Spektrometer messen lassen. Bei den mit einer HClO₄/H₂O₂-Mischung aufgeschlossenen Blut-Lösungen lag die optimale Probenmenge pro Meßküvette infolge des stärkeren Quencheffektes niedriger als in Wasser. Außerdem ist dabei der Einfluß der Energie der emittierten ß-Strahlung zu berücksichtigen.     

Basic zeolite and zeolite-type catalysts for the oxidative methylation of toluene with methane

The oxidative methylation of toluene with methane is used as a test reaction for determining the activity, selectivity and yield of C₈ hydrocarbons (ethylbenzene and styrene) over different zeolite and zeolite-type catalysts, viz., X, Y, mordenite, ZSM-5, silicalite and AlPO₄-5. Selectivity and basicity increase with decreasing Si/Al atomic ratio within the series of the same structural type. The basicity, surface structure and structural integrity are characterized by TPD of CO₂, XPS and IRS, respectively. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

对甲苯磺酸催化二甘醇合成二氧六环

利用二甘醇为原料，以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂合成了1，4－二氧六环。结果表明：二甘醇（200mmol)在对甲苯磺酸(20mmol)作用下反应20min，产品收率75％。此法操作方便，反应温和。     

Highly active and reusable catalyst from Fe-Mg-hydrotalcite anionic clay for Friedel-Crafts type benzylation reactions

Fe-Mg-hydrotalcite (Mg/Fe = 3) anionic clay with or without calcination (at 200–800‡C) has been used for the benzylation of toluene and other aromatic compounds by benzyl chloride. Hydrotalcite before and after its calcination was characterized for surface area, crystalline phases and basicity. Both the hydrotalcite, particularly after its use in the benzylation reaction, and the catalyst derived from it by its calcination at 200–800‡C show high catalytic activity for the benzylation of toluene and other aromatic compounds. The catalytically active species present in the catalyst in its most active form are the chlorides and oxides of iron on the catalyst surface.     

Mechanistic Aspects of the Holmium‐Mediated,Reciprocal Hydrogen/Sulfur Exchange in the Gas Phase: C6H5CH3+CH2S→C6H5CHS+CH4

The thermal reaction of [Ho(CH₂S)]⁺ with toluene giving rise to [C₆H₅CHSHo]⁺ and CH₄ has been investigated using Fourier‐transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT‐ICR) mass spectrometry complemented by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The high reactivity of [Ho(CH₂S)]⁺ which is in distinct contrast with the non‐reactivity of “bare” Ho⁺ has its origin in the presence of a carbon‐centered radical; the latter initiates hydrogen‐atom abstraction from the methyl group of toluene as the first step of a sequence of hydrogen and sulfur transfer mediated by cationic holmium.     

Heat Capacity of Toluene + Dimethyl Formamide Mixtures

Abstract

Heat Capacity data of the binary mixtures of: toluene + dimethyl formamide - measured in the temperature range of 20-50°C using a differential heating technique are reported. The measurements are well represented by the mixture rules proposed by Jamieson and Cartwright, and Teja.