毛细管电泳检测酚基体中对甲苯磺酸

以苯酚（phenol)和对甲苯磺酸（para toluene sulfonic acid,PTSA)的混合物为模拟样品,毛细管电泳检测了苯酚体中的对甲苯磺酸。考察了磷酸缓冲溶液的浓度和pH对分离的影响,选择性桂皮酸作为内标法和标准曲线法得到了对甲苯磺酸在50mg/L苯酚基体中的标准曲线,其线性范围为1.25-12.5mg/L（R=0.9999),检测限为0.75mg/L(S/N)=3,讨论了毛细管电泳中的基体效应,并应用标准加入法测定了4个实际样品。     

AgCeY分子筛吸附剂的制备及性能研究

以NaY分子筛为载体,通过液相离子交换法制备了经Ag、Ce双金属离子改性的AgCeY吸附剂,并利用UV-vis、XRD、BET、ICP、XPS和FT-IR技术对吸附剂进行了表征。以噻吩/苯并噻吩/正辛烷/甲苯体系为汽油模拟体系,考察了制备条件和吸附条件对吸附剂脱硫性能的影响以及吸附剂再生性能。结果表明,AgCeY吸附剂上Ag、Ce这两种金属元素分别以Ag⁺、Ce⁴⁺形式存在,AgCeY吸附剂具有类似于AgY的高的脱硫性能,又具有类似于CeY的高的吸附选择性,AgCeY对噻吩(TP)和苯并噻吩(BT)的吸附选择性顺序为BT > TP;最适宜的制备条件为先交换Ag后交换Ce离子、离子交换24 h、Ce/Ag物质的量比为2.5、500 ℃焙烧;在原料20 mL、AgCeY吸附剂用量0.2 g、吸附温度50 ℃、吸附时间60 min下,噻吩脱硫率可达到59.0%,苯并噻吩脱硫率达到96.5%。     

混合硝酸镍和醋酸镍制备的催化剂的特征和催化加氢抗硫性能

使用直接还原镍盐前体[Ni(NO_3)_2/γ-Al_2O_3, NiAc_2/γ-Al_2O_3或Ni (NO_3)_2-NiAc_2/γ-Al_2O_3]和镍氧化物前体的方法制备催化剂,研究了它们的 表面特征和甲苯加氢抗硫性能。还原镍盐得到的催化剂比还原其焙烧成的氧化物制 得的催化剂金属的还原和分散程度高。Ni(NO_3)_2-NiAc_2/γ-Al_2O_3分解得到的 氧化物前体的TPR在约415 ℃出现了较小数量的块状NiO的还原峰;而Ni(NO_3)_2- NiAc_2/γ-Al_2O_3的TPR中镍盐分解成氧化物时的耗氢量变小。用氢溢流的概念和 镍盐分解时的耗氢量可以将TPR的结果和金属的分散性关联起来。在镍盐前体催化 剂上甲苯的加氢具有较高的活性,而两种盐摩尔比为1：1时,盐前体催化剂反应活 性出现了一极大值,同时盐和氧化物前体催化剂都给出了抗硫性能的极大值。     

固体铌酸催化下甲苯的硝化

在不同焙烧温度下制备了一系列固体铌酸催化剂。测定了固体铌酸催化剂的比表面积、表面酸强度及表面酸量。研究了催化剂焙烧温度、硝化反应时间、硝化反应温度、有无醋酐存在、硝酸浓度、催化剂的重复使用等因素对甲苯硝化反应影响。实验结果表明,当反应温度为40℃,反应时间为60 min时,以CCl4为溶剂,以质量分数为95%的硝酸为硝化剂,在醋酐存在条件下,以经300℃焙烧3 h后的铌酸作为催化剂,甲苯硝化产物中异构体的邻对比达1.26,较硝硫混酸的1.67显著降低,产物得率达99.3%。且该催化剂循环使用5次,催化活性基本不变,是一种极具应用前景的绿色硝化反应催化剂。     

Study of Supported Bimetallic Pd-Pt Catalysts. Characterization and Catalytic Activity for Toluene Hydrogenation

Bimetallic Pd-Pt catalysts were prepared either by a surface redox reaction (RC catalysts) or by coimpregnation (CI catalysts). RC bimetallic catalysts show a higher sulfur resistance in the course of toluene hydrogenation in the presence of thiophene compared to monometallic palladium and CI bimetallic catalysts. A characterization of the RC catalysts by IR and EXAFS allows to propose a structure of the Pd-Pt crystallites which would explain these results.     

Homogeneous Catalysis of C-H Bond Activation by a Novel Ruthenium(III)-Complex

A novel mixed-ligand [Ru^III(amp)(pic)(H₂O)] complex (1) (H₂amp = N-(hydroxyphenyl)salicyldimine; pic = picolinate) has been synthesized and characterized by physico-chemical methods. Complex 1has been found to be an effective catalyst in oxo-functionalization of C-H bond of organic substrates by using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH) as a terminal oxidant. Formation of a high valent Ru(V)-oxo species as catalytic intermediate is proposed to be the source of oxygen atom in the oxidised product.     

Thermophysical properties for the ternary systems toluene (1) + benzene (2) + methyl acetate (3), at various temperatures from 288.15 K to 318.15 K

Density, speed of sound and viscosity for the ternary system formed by toluene, benzene and methyl acetate and their corresponding binaries were measured at atmospheric pressure in the temperature range of 288.15 K to 318.15 K, every 5 K. Experimental data were used to calculate derived properties: excess molar volume, isentropic compressibility, isentropic compressibility deviation, viscosity deviation and excess free energy of activation for viscous flow. These magnitudes were fitted to different equations available in the literature. In addition, geometrical models have been used to predict ternary magnitudes. Predictions of viscosities for the ternary system were performed by group contribution models. Molecular interactions among the components of the mixtures were inferred from the sign of the excess and deviation properties.     

Direct oxidative esterification of toluene with 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds catalysed by copper complex supported on magnetic nanoparticles

Toluene oxidation is one of the substantial industrial technologies since oxidized products are industrially very important intermediates. A Fe₃O₄@cysteine@Cu‐catalysed reaction that uses tert ‐butyl hydroperoxide as oxidant to produce esters from toluene and β‐diketones or β‐keto esters, enolate precursors, has been developed. Oxidative esterification of toluene with 1,3‐dicarbonyl derivatives led to C─O bond formation and direct C─H functionalization.     

稀土金属氧化物对Y分子筛吸附脱硫性能的影响

以Y分子筛为母体,采用浸渍法制备了Y₂O₃/Y、CeO₂/Y和La₂O₃/Y三种吸附剂.以脱除正辛烷中的苯并噻吩为探针反应,考察了稀土金属氧化物负载量、吸附温度、吸附时间和剂油比对吸附剂脱硫性能的影响.结果表明,稀土金属氧化物最佳负载量为5%(质量分数),所得吸附剂在50 ℃、1 h、剂油比1∶30条件下,脱硫率均达到60%以上.甲苯的存在明显降低了吸附剂的脱硫性能.稀土金属氧化物在吸附过程中发生流失,在相同的条件下,三种稀土金属氧化物中,Y₂O₃的流失量最小,而CeO₂的流失量最大,CeO₂的流失量是Y₂O₃的10倍.     

Toluene chemiresistor sensor based on nano-porous toluene-imprinted polymer

In this work, the application of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) as the recognition element of a chemiresistor sensor was introduced. Toluene-imprinted polymer and non-imprinted polymer (NIP) were synthesized and then mixed with carbon black powder in the presence of melted n-eicosane as the binder agent. The obtained composites were applied for the construction of chemiresistor sensors. The sensor, fabricated with toluene-imprinted polymer, showed a significant response towards toluene. Moreover, the response of the NIP-based (polymer synthesized without solvent) chemiresistor sensor was very small and negligible. The components of the MIP-based sensing composite were found to strongly influence the sensor sensitivity. Response surface experimental design methodology was applied to optimize the important parameters of the proposed sensor. Cross-sensitivity of the MIP-based chemiresistor sensor for different vapours was investigated and a satisfactory result was found for toluene vapour recognition. It was shown that the sensor response to toluene concentration in air was linear in the concentration range of 3.8 to 46.4?ppm. The detection limit and relative standard deviation (for five separate determinations) of the designed sensor were calculated equal to 0.8?ppm and 5.6%, respectively.