全文获取类型
收费全文 | 42461篇 |
免费 | 2785篇 |
国内免费 | 4367篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 30874篇 |
晶体学 | 353篇 |
力学 | 524篇 |
综合类 | 647篇 |
数学 | 6497篇 |
物理学 | 10718篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 407篇 |
2022年 | 1918篇 |
2021年 | 1699篇 |
2020年 | 1139篇 |
2019年 | 1078篇 |
2018年 | 797篇 |
2017年 | 964篇 |
2016年 | 1182篇 |
2015年 | 1232篇 |
2014年 | 1510篇 |
2013年 | 2582篇 |
2012年 | 1697篇 |
2011年 | 2063篇 |
2010年 | 1785篇 |
2009年 | 2278篇 |
2008年 | 2314篇 |
2007年 | 2561篇 |
2006年 | 1969篇 |
2005年 | 1345篇 |
2004年 | 1221篇 |
2003年 | 1288篇 |
2002年 | 3698篇 |
2001年 | 1373篇 |
2000年 | 931篇 |
1999年 | 784篇 |
1998年 | 770篇 |
1997年 | 579篇 |
1996年 | 636篇 |
1995年 | 548篇 |
1994年 | 539篇 |
1993年 | 594篇 |
1992年 | 577篇 |
1991年 | 376篇 |
1990年 | 322篇 |
1989年 | 274篇 |
1988年 | 298篇 |
1987年 | 204篇 |
1986年 | 215篇 |
1985年 | 322篇 |
1984年 | 230篇 |
1983年 | 154篇 |
1982年 | 290篇 |
1981年 | 470篇 |
1980年 | 428篇 |
1979年 | 470篇 |
1978年 | 378篇 |
1977年 | 283篇 |
1976年 | 238篇 |
1974年 | 107篇 |
1973年 | 189篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
151.
Image potential resonances on the Sn/Ge(1 1 1) α-phase are investigated by two closely related methods: specular electron reflection and so-called selective electron scattering. Electrons from image resonances are detected on this surface at 120 and 300 K, i.e. below and above the phase transition at about 200 K. The dispersion of the image resonances reveals at these two temperatures equivalent effective electron masses, which are characteristic for this type of electronic surface states. The results of the two methods are consistent according to the similarity of the scattering processes. Changes in the loss peak intensity with the annealing temperature are assigned to the surface quality and are reflected by characteristic photoemission intensities. 相似文献
152.
A.A. Dakhel 《Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids》2004,65(11):1765-1771
Thin Eu-In solid solution oxide films (SS) were grown on Si (P) substrates to form MOS devices. The samples were characterised by X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction techniques. The ac-conductance and capacitance of the devices were studied as a function of frequency in the range 500 Hz to 100 kHz, temperature in the range 293-400 K and gate voltage. The investigation established that: (1) the prepared SS exhibit a sudden reversible structural change at about 370 K, (2) the frequency dependence for f>10 kHz of the ac-conductivity and capacitance of the insulator at room temperature is controlled by the ‘corrected barrier hopping’ CBH model, (3) the temperature dependence of the ac-conductance which shows a small activation energy characterises the hopping process of current carriers between equilibrium sites, and (4) the prepared transparent SS have a sufficiently high relative permittivity ?, around 30, which suggests they are promising candidates for high-? dielectric applications. 相似文献
153.
Benedict Ita P. Murugavel V. Ponnambalam A. R. Raju 《Journal of Chemical Sciences》2003,115(5-6):519-524
Fine powders of lanthanum iron oxide, LaFeO3, have been prepared by solid state reaction as well as sol-gel synthesis and nebulized spray pyrolysis. Structures, morphologies
and magnetic susceptibility measurements of these powders have been examined. The powders prepared by all the three low-temperature
routes contain nearly spherical particles with an average diameter of 40 nm. These samples show a lower Neel temperature than
the powder prepared by solid state reaction besides showing much lower magnetic susceptibility at low temperatures.
Dedicated to Professor C N R Rao on his 70th birthday 相似文献
154.
155.
Vipul Dav Wolfgang G. Glasser Garth L. Wilkes 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》1993,31(9):1145-1161
Fibers were spun from isotropic and anisotropic dimethylacetamide solutions of cellulose esters. Take-up speeds of the dry jet/wet spinning process varied. Water served as the coagulant. The mechanical properties of the fibers increased as spinning progressed from the isotropic to the anisotropic state of the solution. A trade-off in solubility and fiber properties was noted as the butyryl acetyl ratio decreased. Whereas high butyryl content enhances both overall solubility and the formation of liquid–crystalline solutions at lower concentration, it results in lower fiber modulus and strength. Morphology of the fibers depended on the coagulation rate which was influenced by the concentration of the sppinning solution. The level of orientation and crystallinity of the fibers increased somewhat when they were spun from liquid-crystalline solutions. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
156.
Summary.
We consider a discontinuous Galerkin finite element method
applied in time to a model Volterra equation of the second kind.
A residual-based computable
Galerkin-error estimate is derived
for .
This estimate does not explicitly
contain the time step and therefore the time step
control must be based
on a heuristic criterion, the estimate can then be used to
demonstrate the integrity, or otherwise, of the finite element
solution. After performing some numerical experiments
we conclude that this approach is at least competetive
with classical discretizations since it is
computationally simple to implement,
but has the added advantage of
reliable error feedback.
Received June 25, 1995 相似文献
157.
K. M. A. Salam Hidekazu Konishi Masahiro Mizuno Hisashi Fukuda Shigeru Nomura 《Applied Surface Science》2002,190(1-4):88-95
Polycrystalline (1−x)Ta2O5−xTiO2 thin films were formed on Si by metalorganic decomposition (MOD) and annealed at various temperatures. As-deposited films were in the amorphous state and were completely transformed to crystalline after annealing above 600 °C. During crystallization, a thin interfacial SiO2 layer was formed at the (1−x)Ta2O5−xTiO2/Si interface. Thin films with 0.92Ta2O5–0.08TiO2 composition exhibited superior insulating properties. The measured dielectric constant and dissipation factor at 1 MHz were 9 and 0.015, respectively, for films annealed at 900 °C. The interface trap density was 2.5×1011 cm−2 eV−1, and flatband voltage was −0.38 V. A charge storage density of 22.8 fC/μm2 was obtained at an applied electric field of 3 MV/cm. The leakage current density was lower than 4×10−9 A/cm2 up to an applied electric field of 6 MV/cm. 相似文献
158.
A.V. Arhangel'skii 《Topology and its Applications》2007,154(16):2950-2961
We consider the following natural questions: when a topological group G has a first countable remainder, when G has a remainder of countable tightness? This leads to some further questions on the properties of remainders of topological groups. Let G be a topological group. The following facts are established. 1. If Gω has a first countable remainder, then either G is metrizable, or G is locally compact. 2. If G has a countable network and a first countable remainder, then either G is separable and metrizable, or G is σ-compact. 3. Under (MA+¬CH) every topological group with a countable network and a first countable remainder is separable and metrizable. Some new open problems are formulated. 相似文献
159.
In 1957 Robert Ellis proved that a group with a locally compact Hausdorff topology T making all translations continuous also has jointly continuous multiplication and continuous inversion, and is thus a topological group. The theorem does not apply to locally compact asymmetric spaces such as the reals with addition and the topology of upper open rays. We first show a bitopological Ellis theorem, and then introduce a generalization of locally compact Hausdorff, called locally skew compact, and a topological dual, Tk, to obtain the following asymmetric Ellis theorem which applies to the example above:Whenever (X,⋅,T) is a group with a locally skew compact topology making all translations continuous, then multiplication is jointly continuous in both (X,⋅,T) and (X,⋅,Tk), and inversion is a homeomorphism between (X,T) and (X,Tk).This generalizes the classical Ellis theorem, because T=Tk when (X,T) is locally compact Hausdorff. 相似文献
160.
Zhi Shui HU Chun SU 《数学学报(英文版)》2007,23(7):265-1270
Let {X(t), t ≥ 0} be a Lévy process with EX(1) = 0 and EX^2(1) 〈 ∞. In this paper, we shall give two precise asymptotic theorems for {X(t), t 〉 0}. By the way, we prove the corresponding conclusions for strictly stable processes and a general precise asymptotic proposition for sums of i.i.d. random variables. 相似文献