有机/无机杂化材料担载季铵盐催化剂的制备及其在相转移催化反应中的应用

利用溶胶-凝胶(S0l-gel)技术制备了新型的有机／无机杂化材料担载的季铵盐催化剂。优化了制备方法、反应条件等多种因素；考察了其作为相转移催化剂在1-溴代正庚烷与碘化钾的亲核取代反应中的应用，转化率最高可达到95％。     

Organic templates for the generation of inorganic materials

Mankind's fascination with shapes and patterns, many examples of which come from nature, has greatly influenced areas such as art and architecture. Science too has long since been interested in the origin of shapes and structures found in nature. Whereas organic chemistry in general, and supramolecular chemistry especially, has been very successful in creating large superstructures of often stunning morphology, inorganic chemistry has lagged behind. Over the last decade, however, researchers in various fields of chemistry have been studying novel methods through which the shape of inorganic materials can be controlled at the micro- or even nanoscopic level. A method that has proven very successful is the formation of inorganic structures under the influence of (bio)organic templates, which has resulted in the generation of a large variety of structured inorganic structures that are currently unattainable through any other method.     

New organic metals: Radical cation salts of bis(ethylenedioxo)tetrathiafulvalene with halide mercurate anions

Radical cation salts with halide mercurate anions were obtained by the electrochemical oxidation of bis(ethylenedioxo)tetrathiafulvalene (BEDO-TTF), and their conductivity was studied. The compounds (BEDO-TTF)₄Hg₃X₈ (X = Cl or Br), (BEDO-TTF)₄Hg_3.5I₉, and (BEDO-TTF)₂HgBr₃ possess the conductivity of the metallic type down to helium temperatures.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 1167–1170, May, 1996.     

天然和人工培植红景天挥发油的对比研究

应用ＧＣ－ＭＳ和ＧＣ－ＩＲ两种联机法对比研究了天然和人工培植红景天挥发油、分别鉴定出２７个和２４个化合物。ＭＳ给出结构信息和ＩＲ给出官能团信息相结合，提高了分析测试复杂样品的可靠性。     

难降解有机废水的催化氧化法处理

催化氧化法可通过多种途径来加强传统的化学法处理效果，目前已成为难降解有机废水处理的一项重要新技术。本文介绍了光催化氧化法、均相氧化法、多相氧化法(包括电催化氧化法)以及超临界水氧化技术的国内外研究现状及特点，并对其在有机废水中的应用情况和发展前景作了扼要评述。     

An attempt on the VOC oxidation using mechanically activated catalyst

A catalytic action of the mechanochemical products of copper hydroxocarbonate with calcium carbonate was investigated in n-butyl alcohol oxidation tests. The solid products of high-energy milling were identified using thermogravimetry supplemented by X-ray diffraction method. It was shown that the mechanical activation induces more effective tested catalyst because it promotes the alcohol conversion at lower temperatures than that unmilled one. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Calculation of the van der Waals volumes of organic molecules

A new and more precise method is proposed for calculating van der Waals atomic and molecular volumes of organic compounds. The method provides for intersections of three or more spheres at one point of space. Such a possibility is essential for calculating the volumes of sterically overcrowded molecules and of molecules with intramolecular hydrogen bonds. A computer program for IBM PC/AT(XT) is developed. Depending on the atomic environment in the molecule, the average values of the volume increments for atoms C, N, O, H, F, Cl, and S are obtained using the data from the Cambridge Structural Database.N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117071. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 922–931, April, 1992.     

Morphology Control over the Organic Nanoparticles of 1,3-Diphenyl-5-（9-anthryl）-2-pyrazoline

The organic nanoparticles of a blue-light-emitting molecule, 1,3-diphenyl-5-(9-anthryl)-2-pyrazuline, were prepared by reprecipitation method using acetonitrile as the solvent for the molecular precursor. Three morphologies, spherical, doughnut-shaped and cubic, could be observed on the silicon substrate forthe nanoparfides by the volume-controlled addition of acetonitrile. The evolution of particle morphology as a function of acetonitrile addition was attributed to the variation of the growth habits of the particles in the different environment. The nanoparticles exhibit the novel photoluminescence spectra as compared to those of monomer and the bulk crystals.     

The influence of the sacrificial anode nature on the mechanism of electrochemical arylation and alkylation of white phosphorus

The material of the sacrificial anode has a substantial effect on the nature and yield of the target products of electrochemical phosphorylation of organic halides by white phosphorus in the presence of the nickel complexes with 2,2"-bipyridine. The use of the zinc anode results in the products with tricoordinated phosphorus, viz., triorganylphosphines, the reaction on the aluminum anode affords triorganylphosphine oxides, and the presence of Mg²⁺ ions in the reaction mixture provides the transformation of white phosphorus into cyclic phosphines (PhP)₅.     

有机溶剂性质及其水含量对酶催化合成含D－氨基酸残基的二肽衍生物的影响

有机溶剂性质及其水含量对酶催化合成保护的寡肽及其衍生物有显著影响。系 统地研究了有机溶剂性质及在不同有机溶剂中水含量对α－胰凝乳蛋白酶催化合成 含D－氨基酸残基的二肽衍生物产率的影响。用α－胰凝乳蛋白酶、枯草杆菌蛋白 酶和嗜热杆菌蛋白酶在有机溶剂中催化合成了一系列保护的二肽及其衍生物，并研 究了水含量对反应产率的影响，得到了十分有意义的结果。