亚甲基蓝与鲱鱼精DNA相互作用的光谱法研究

以吖啶橙(AO)作为光谱探针, 采用UV和荧光光谱等方法研究了亚甲基蓝(MB)与鲱鱼精DNA的作用机制. 确定了在低浓度MB时, MB与DNA以嵌插方式作用; 而在高浓度MB时, MB与DNA之间为混合作用方式. 结合比n(MB)∶n(DNA)＝10∶1, 结合常数 ＝2.46×10⁵ L•mol^－1, MB-DNA复合物的表观摩尔吸光系数ε＝5.70×10⁶ L•mol^－1•cm^－1. 同时研究了酸度和温度等对MB与DNA相互作用的影响, 热力学研究推导了MB结合DNA为焓驱动反应.     

Lab-on-valve for the automatic determination of the total content and individual profiles of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates in water samples

Methods for the total content and individual determination of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) in water samples based on the use of a lab-on-valve (LOV) module alone or coupled to CE equipment, respectively, have been developed. The total content of LAS has been determined by intrinsic absorption measurements (DA method) and after reaction with a methyl orange-cetylpyridine chloride mixture (MO method) with detection limits (LODs) of 21 ng/L and 15 microg/L, respectively, quantification limits (LOQs) of 70 ng/L, 50 microg/L, and development times of 100 and 124 s, respectively. The method for individual separation-quantification of LAS at very low concentration is based on automatic SPE preconcentration in the LOV module coupled on-line with the CE equipment. The LODs and LOQs thus obtained range between 1-21 and 4-70 ng/L, respectively, with linear dynamic ranges from the LOQ to 10 microg/L. Preconcentration factors of 10,000 and high efficiency to eliminate interferents by SPE enable application of the method to treated effluent, waste, surface and sea waters.     

Properties and Photoelectrocatalytic Behaviour of Sol-Gel Derived TiO2 Thin Films

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) thin films have been prepared on indium doped tin oxide (ITO) glass by sol-gel dip-coating method. Properties of the films were determined as a function of heat-treatment by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and photoelectrochemical tests. The films heat-treated at higher temperatures show better crystallinity and photoresponse. The microscopic structure on the film after heat-treatment is attributed to the incorporation of organic polymer into the precursor solution. The performance of the electrodes treated at different temperature on photoelectrocatalytic degradation of methyl orange was investigated. The effect of applied potential and the ability of the electrode to be repeatedly used in photoelectrocatalytic degradation were also evaluated.     

吖啶橙催化荧光光度法测定痕量亚硝酸根

在盐酸介质中,亚硝酸根催化溴酸钾氧化吖啶橙,使得吖啶橙在激发波长为492 nm,发射波长为538 nm处的荧光强度明显下降,从而建立了催化荧光光度法测定痕量亚硝酸根的方法,线性范围为2.0×10-6~60×10-6g.L-1,检出限为1.62×10-6g.L-1。相对标准偏差小于5%,回收率在96%~105%之间。方法用于水中痕量亚硝酸根的测定。     

Studies on Monodispersed Microspheres of Zinc Sulfide Doped with Mn^2＋

In this paper,zinc acetate,manganese acetate and thiacetamide are used as raw materials to successfully synthesize monodispersed ZnS:Mn2+ microspheres by using hydrothermal method and taking P123 surfactant as a template. The products were characterized by XRD,STEM,FT-IR and N2 adsorption-desorption. And the results show that the diameter of this microsphere is 1.0 μm or so,which is larger than that of ZnS microsphere without Mn2+ doping,and it has monodispersion,smooth surface and uniform size. The doping of Mn2+ does not obviously change the structure of monodispersed ZnS microsphere. The photoluminescence peak lies in a wide band ranging from 450 to 650 nm,and the microspheres emit orange light; with the increase of Mn2+ concentration,fluorescence intensity of ZnS:Mn2+ microsphere changes,and when the mole ratio of Mn2+:Zn2+ is 0.3:1,the fluorescence intensity is the strongest.     

离子液体-水混合溶剂中制备纳米晶TiO2的结构特性及其光催化活性

以钛酸四丁酯为原料, 离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐([EMIM]+AcO-)-水为混合溶剂, 通过低温水热法制备了锐钛矿相TiO2纳米晶. 用XRD、N2吸附-脱附、XPS及UV-Vis漫反射等技术对产物的晶相、比表面积、表面性质及光吸收性进行表征, 并以甲基橙水溶液为研究对象, 考察了产物的光催化活性及催化剂用量、溶液酸碱度对其的影响. 结果表明, 离子液体鄄水混合溶剂中反应24 h 所得到的TiO2具有较高光催化活性, 并明显优于Degussa P25, 这一结果可归因于其具有较高的锐钛矿含量和较大的比表面积.     

Fe-Ni 共掺杂 ZnO 的制备及其光催化降解甲基橙活性

 采用溶液法制备了 Fe-Ni 共掺杂 ZnO 光催化剂, 并运用 X 射线衍射、扫描电镜和原子发射光谱等对催化剂进行了表征. 以甲基橙 (MO) 为模型污染物, 评价了样品的光催化活性, 考察了甲基橙初始浓度及其 pH 值, 以及催化剂用量等对光催化反应性能的影响. 结果表明, Fe-Ni 共掺杂降低了 ZnO 的结晶度, 并促进了晶粒的长大. 光催化降解反应表明, Fe-Ni 共掺杂显著提高了 ZnO 光催化降解甲基橙的活性, 当催化剂用量为 0.6 g/L, 经 120 min 紫外光照射时, 可使甲基橙溶液 (10 mg/L) 降解率达到 93.5%. 关键词：铁; 镍; 共掺杂; 氧化锌; 光催化; 甲基橙; 降解     

还原橙3衍生物及其聚合物光伏性能的研究

还原橙3具有稠环结构, 但是其在许多有机溶剂中的不溶性阻碍其作为光伏材料的使用. 对还原橙3进行修饰得到还原橙3的衍生物4,10-双(4-己基-2-噻吩基)-6,12-双(二氰基亚乙烯基)二氢化蒽并蒽(TCVA), 对TCVA的光电性能进行研究, 结果表明, TCVA在紫外-可见光区有较强的吸收, 循环伏安法表明TCVA的HOMO和LUMO能级分别为-6.04和-4.42 eV, 将其与P3HT共混制备太阳能电池, 其效率为0.3%. 将还原橙3衍生物作为受体单元制备D-A结构的给体聚合物聚4,10-双(4-己基-2-噻吩基)-6,12-双(二氰基亚乙烯基)二氢化蒽并蒽连2,6-双(三甲基锡)-4,4-二(2-乙基己基)二噻吩并[3,2-b:2',3'-d]噻咯(PTCVADTS), 该聚合物有非常窄的带隙0.94 eV, 但是由于其LUMO能级较受体材料(6,6)-苯基-C₆₁(₇₁)-丁酸甲酯(PCBM)的LUMO能级小, 阻碍了激子的分离, 使电池器件的效率很低.     

加热方式及原料配比对介孔CeO2结构及其光催化性能的影响

以P123（聚环氧乙烷-聚环氧丙烷-聚环氧乙烷三嵌段共聚物）为模板剂,Ce（NO₃）₃为反应原料,通过考察加热方式、加热温度、原料配比等因素,合成了结构性能较好、表面羟基含量较高的介孔CeO₂材料。利用XRD,N₂吸附-脱附,TEM,Raman,FT-IR等技术对合成样品的结构性能进行了表征,结果表明,当P123与Ce（NO₃）₃物质的量之比为1：10,在110℃水热下合成的CeO₂结构性能最好。以酸性橙7（AO7）为探针分子,对合成介孔CeO₂的光催化性能进行评价。光催化结果证明,由于表面羟基含量较高、介孔及氧缺位的形成,所合成结构性能较好的CeO₂,利用可见光可彻底催化降解溶液中的AO7。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定柑桔类水果及果皮中多种微量元素

采用HNO_3-HClO_4体系湿法消解样品,利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪同时测定了柑桔类水果及果皮中Al、B、Ba、Ca、Cu、Fe、K、Mg、Mn、Na、Sr、Zn 12种微量元素的含量。分析结果的相对标准偏差0.35%~3.26%,加标回收率85.5%~107.0%,该法简单、快速、可靠、灵敏度高。实验表明,大部分柑桔类水果果皮中微量元素含量高于其果肉中含量。柚子内皮和外皮中微量元素含量有少许差异,柚子外皮中的K、Ca、Mg含量最高,而柚子内皮中Fe、Na的含量较高。该结果为有效利用柑桔类水果果皮的药用功效提供了定量参考依据。