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排序方式: 共有3618条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
32.
Multivalent cations can cause DNA to condense from its extended state in solution into high-density toroid-shaped particles. Developing methods to control the size and size distribution of DNA toroids is an important goal for the development of artificial gene delivery systems. Here we demonstrate that changes in salt conditions, prior to condensation by multivalent cations, can significantly affect DNA condensation. Specifically, millimolar concentrations of MgCl2 are shown to cause the formation of toroid clusters, whereas NaCl at the same ionic strength does not. 相似文献
33.
34.
Xiaoping Zhan 《European Polymer Journal》2007,43(4):1588-1594
Oral clonidine, used as an antihypertensive, can result in some side effects such as dry mouth, drowsiness, dizziness and sedation; thus, clonidine transdermal drug delivery (TDD) was considered. Use of the controlled release membrane was one of the methods in TDD systems to regulate the permeation properties. A new type of copolymer membrane that controlled clonidine linear release in TDD system was synthesized by UV radiation. This membrane consisted of three monomers: 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropylacrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate and diethyl maleate. The membrane had both fine permeation properties and perfect physical properties when three monomers were in the weight ratio of 4:4:2; this type of membrane was chosen as an optimized membrane. It was found that the membrane controlled clonidine zero-order release, the permeation rates decreased with the thicknesses of membranes increasing, and the permeation rates were linearly dependent on the square root of the concentration of clonidine. Furthermore, the optimized membranes were characterized by FTIR, DSC and SEM. 相似文献
35.
可生物降解聚合物药物释放数学模拟研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
由于可降解的聚合物作为药物载体可以使得药物释放具有较高的靶向性、药物释放更加平缓 ,特别是可以使一些不稳定、半衰期短的药物在人体内达到可控制释放的效果 ,因此将可降解聚合物应用于药物释放体系中作为药物载体得到了较深入的研究。随着研究的深入 ,通过数学方法模拟或预测聚合物载体的降解过程以及聚合物降解过程中药物的释放行为是控释体系设计与应用的一个重要发展方向。由于影响因素较多 ,将所有因素逐一考虑将使得数学模型过于庞杂而失去实际意义 ,所以一个数学模型通常只考虑最主要几个的影响因素 ,并对药物释放系统进行相应的假设。目前文献中报道的降解 (溶蚀 )控制药物释放体系的数学模型大致可以分为两类 :假设药物释放按照零级过程 (zeroorderprocess)进行的经验模型和考虑影响药物释放的多种物理化学过程(如局部传质、化学反应 )的理论模型。本文综述了这些理论模型及其研究进展 相似文献
36.
BAI Quan KONG Yu DONG Cuihua & GENG Xindu Institute of Modern Separation Science Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Modern Separation Science Northwest University Xi''''an China 《中国科学B辑(英文版)》2005,48(Z1)
The refolding of the reduced-denatured insulin from bovine pancreas was investigated with the size exclusion chromatography (SEC). It was shown that the reduced-denatured insulin originally denatured with 7.0 mol·L-1 guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCI) or 8.0 mol·L-1 urea could not be refolded with a non-oxidized mobile phase. Although the oxidized and reduced glutathione (GSSG and GSH) were employed in the oxidized mobile phase, the reduced-denatured insulin still could not be renatured. However, in the presence of 2.0 mol·L-1 urea in the oxidized mobile phase employed, the reduced-denatured insulin can be refolded with SEC, and the aggregation of denatured insulin can be diminished by urea. In addition, the disul-fide exchange of reduced-denatured insulin also can be accelerated with GSSG/GSH in the oxidized mobile phase. The three disulfide bridges of insulin were formed correctly and the reduced-unfolded insulin can be renatured completely. The results were further tested with re-versed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) and hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC). 相似文献
37.
口腔癌系头颈部癌,癌组织均位于口腔内,其非侵入性早期诊断是减少该病死亡的有效手段.唾液系口腔癌变相关物质首先释放进入的体液,取材方便,安全无创,是口腔癌普查筛选、早期诊断的首选指标.本文对唾液肿瘤生物标志物的种类、目前国内外常用的检测方法进行概述,重点阐述新型电化学生物传感方法在口腔癌相关唾液肿瘤生物标志物检测方面的相关应用及其最新研究进展.并对口腔癌相关唾液肿瘤生物标志物电化学传感技术的未来发展方向提出展望,拟为其深入研究与应用提供参考. 相似文献
38.
Fundueanu G Constantin M Bortolotti F Ascenzi P Cortesi R Menegatti E 《Macromolecular bioscience》2005,5(10):955-964
Despite the large number of publications and patents concerning pH/thermoresponsive polymers, few data are available concerning the preparation of thermoresponsive cross-linked microspheres from preformed polymers. Therefore, N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide-co-(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) copolymers were obtained as a new thermoresponsive material with a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) around 36 degrees C, in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4, and with a cross-linkable OH group in their structure. The LCST value was determined both by UV spectroscopy and microcalorimetric analysis. These copolymers were solubilised in acidified aqueous solution below their LCST, dispersed in mineral oil, and transformed into stable microspheres by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. The thermoresponsive microspheres were characterised by optical and scanning electron microscopy, degree of swelling, and water retention. The pore dimensions of the microspheres and the retention volumes of some drugs and typical compounds were evaluated at different temperatures by liquid chromatography. Indomethacin, as a model drug, was included in the microspheres by the solvent evaporation method. Finally, the influence of temperature and of temperature cycling on drug release was investigated. 相似文献
39.
Dongwen Ren Hongfu Yi Huaan Zhang Weiyang Xie Wei Wang Xiaojun Ma 《Journal of membrane science》2006,280(1-2):99-107
A new approach for in situ fabrication of nanoscale fibrous chitosan membrane by biospecific degradation under physiological situation was studied. The chitosan binary blend membranes were fabricated by solvent casting of chitosan solution containing highly deacetylated chitosan (HDC) and moderately deacetylated chitosan (MDC) with different ratio. The biodegradation process was performed in PBS (pH 7.4) containing lysozyme at the temperature of 37 °C. Experimental results from weight loss, reducing sugar in surrounding media, FT-IR, X-ray diffraction, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and SEM throughout the study showed that the biospecific degradation by lysozyme had removed MDC component selectively. When the ratio of MDC in the binary blend membranes amounted to 0.5, nanoscale domains of HDC and MDC were obtained, and thus a nanoscale fibrous structure was fabricated after biospecific degradation of MDC. This nanofibrous structure and the biospecific degradation of chitosan membranes can have potential advantages and interesting implications in tissue engineering and drug delivery. 相似文献
40.
RU Chang Bi Zbigniew Dauter Eleanor Dodson Guy Dodson Federico Gordiano Rod Hubbard Colin Reynolds 《Journal of Chemical Sciences》1983,92(4-5):473-483
Insulin modified by the removal of its 5 B chain C terminal residues is monomeric but remains substantially potent. The crystal
structures of the beef and insulin (dpi) with two molecules in the asymmetric unit has been determined by x-ray analysis. The 3-dimensional structure ofdpi proves to be generally similar to that of native molecule in 2Zn insulin. More detailed comparison reveals that the slight
differences in the two independent molecules of beefdpi are distributed uniformly throughout the structure in contrast to insulin in 2Zn insulin, where the structural changes are
concentrated in specific regions.
The loss of symmetry in thedpi crystal appears to be the inability of the A9 serine to pack effectively in the C2 cell. The efficient packing of the sheepdpi molecule whose crystal structure has also been determined and where A9 is glycine supports this conclusion. 相似文献