Helium blistering of niobium: Large swelling measurements supporting the gas pressure model

Crystal potentials are usually obtained through a combination of theoretical calculation and the fitting of crystal properties. Because of thermal expansion of the crystal, the equilibrium condition is not satisfied at all temperatures unless the crystal potential is made temperature-dependent. A quasiharmonic potential that satisfies the equilibrium condition at all temperatures is derived from KC1 and used to calculate temperature-dependent defect energies (at constant volume). Other thermodynamic defect parameters are then derived by combining these results with the experimental Gibbs energies. The temperature-dependence of these parameters is displayed.     

Mechanics and morphology of single-walled carbon nanotubes: from graphene to the elastica

Abstract

The elastica is referred to the shape of the curve into which the centreline of a flexible lamina is bent. Hence, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are treated as the elastica obtained from bending of graphene. The corresponding large deformation accompanies both the material and geometrical non-linearities. The morphology of the free-standing SWCNTs such as the natural angle of twist, bond lengths, tube radius and wall thickness are determined. Moreover, it is shown that the induced self-equilibriated strain field has a remarkable impact on the mechanical behaviour of the nanotube. Utilization of an appropriate non-linear continuum constitutive relation for graphene leads to exact formulation of the governing equations of SWCNTs. Subsequently, through perturbation analysis, the asymptotic solutions of the initial elastic fields for the SWCNTs are presented. By performing ab initio calculations, the components of the fourth and sixth-order elastic moduli tensors in the constitutive model of graphene needed in this study are computed.     

Heat conductivity of three periodic Hard Disks via nonequilibrium molecular dynamics

We use a driving field, of the type first suggested by Evans, to generate a steady heat current in the simplest possible system, a two-dimensional periodic fluid of three hard disks. Hard-disk motion equations can be conveniently derived from repulsive constant-force or linear-force potentials by considering the infinitely repulsive limit of these potentials. We show that the isoenergetic and isokinetic forms of the nonequilibrium equations of motion generate steady-state heat conductivities differing by terms of order 1/N, whereN is the number of particles. The resulting conductivities appear to vary as the logarithm of the driving field strength. Even at low fields, the three-body periodic-system results lie well below Enskog's infinite-system prediction.     

Standards for surface flaws

A two channel microscope image comparator is described which is capable of quantifying all current national standard defects. It has been designed to solve the difficulties that arise when optically worked surfaces, which have been visually assessed, are transferred between companies working to different standards and methods of flaw measurement. The instrument, using both visual and objective methods, can give the same severity rating for a surface flaw, thus allowing for transferable standards.     

纳米六方相氮化铝的合成和光学性能研究

报道了以AlCl₃和Mg₃N₂为反应物, 在500 ℃条件下, 用简易的设备, 合成六方相AlN纳米材料. 样品的XRD和XPS图谱表明, 实验得到的AlN样品是纯的六方相AlN, 其中的杂质相含量均小于仪器的探测灵敏度. TEM图表明, AlN样品呈多孔网络状结构, 网络的骨架大小在10～20 nm之间. 对AlN样品的光学性能的研究表明, AlN样品的禁带宽度值约为6.12 eV; 红外吸收谱以680 cm^－1为中心形成一个很宽的红外吸收带; 其拉曼散射峰较AlN薄膜和AlN单晶向低波数方向移动.     

Zn1-xCdxSe-ZnSe多量子阱的光学双稳态

用常压MOCVD法在GaAs衬底上生长了Zn_1-xCd_xSe-ZnSe多层结构.通过X-射线衍射谱和光致发光等方法判断,表明该材料为多量子阱结构.从室温下的透射光谱上可以观察到这种多量子阱中的n=1的激子吸收峰,并观测到起因子激子的ns量级的光学双稳态.     

利用光热偏转技术实施光学薄膜弱吸收的多波长测量

介绍了光热表面形变光束偏转技术用于测量光学薄膜弱吸收的基本原理,简述多波长吸收测量装置的建立和测试过程,最后给出简单的测量实例.     

群色散光纤中高强度光脉冲传输与压缩的研究

考虑非线性四阶折射率,推导了光脉冲在群色散单模光纤中传输的非线性方程,并得到孤子型解析解.同时指出在Sech型光纤脉冲压缩实验中,光强度的阈值.     

双路可编程光学多重成像并行二值逻辑处理器

基于多重成像原理，在本文中提出一种光学并行图像逻辑处理系统。对输入图案用两个正像和两个补偿进行编码。通过光调制器控制，可以实现逻辑操作的实时可编程。而且，该系统可以通过控制一组四个偏振片的状态实现独立的双输出逻辑通道，每一个输出通道各有十六种逻辑功能。文中也给出了实验结果。