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排序方式: 共有126条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
B. Velázquez-Martí C. Gracia-López 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》2004,25(7):1109-1122
The thermal treatment by millimeter waves for the soil disinfection can be one possible alternative to chemical treatments. This physical method is based on incrementing the soil temperature and its pathogens irradiating with high frequency electromagnetic waves. So the previous knowledge of the temperature distribution in the irradiated soil is essential for achieving an effective bad microorganism and weed seeds elimination. This report analyse the heating kinetic and spatial distribution of the maximum temperatures reached by the soil. It is presented a mathematic model about how are distributed the reached temperatures in the depth of the irradiated soil. This model concludes that when an orchard soil is irradiated superficially by microwaves, the microwaves have a big attenuation due to the soil dielectric properties and the water located in the pores of the most superficial layer. This fact causes a shield effect blocking the waves penetration in few centimetres. The heating by radiation is reduced to the superficial layer. The heating propagation in the depth is occurred by conduction following the Fourier equations. 相似文献
2.
The solid state reaction of 3-methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone (MPP) with aromatic aldehydes and ke-tones benzil derivatives and imides,and the solid state Michael addition reaction of MPP with 4-arylidene-3-methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrnzolone 2 were investigated.Some new solid state reactions between the reactants were found,from which a series of new compounds were obtained The structures of the products were identified by IR,1H NMR,MS,elemental analyses and also by X-ray crystal analysis,and the reaction mechanism of MPP with aromatic aldehydes and ketones was proposed 相似文献
3.
Monir Uddin Antonis G. Hatzidimitriou Maria Lalia-Kantouri Chris Tsiamis 《Structural chemistry》1997,8(2):131-139
The infrared and electronic excitation spectra of a series of new nickel(II) chelates containing an-diimine (or nitrogenous base, enR) and the anion of a-dione (1,3-ketoenol or 1,3-ketoester,H) were obtained in the solid state and in solution. The composition and the overall structure of the new chelates in the solid state depends on ligand concentration, the substituents within the-dionato moiety and the counterion present. The IR and electronic excitation spectra of [Ni(enR)2
]NO3 and [Ni(enR)(O2NO)] indicate, in conjunction with other physicochemical measurements, bidentate coordination of the ligands, while the spectral shifts reveal replacement of the (O,O)nitrato group by basic solvents. The existence of the nickel(II) in an octahedral environment is confirmed by an X-ray structure analysis of [Ni(dpamH)2acac]NO3 · CH3OH (monoclinic, space groupP2l/n, a=17.296(1),b=7.462(1),c=21.604(3) å,=95.65(1),Z=4, R=0.0534,Rw=0.0600), where dpamH denotes the 2,2-dipyridylamine. 相似文献
4.
Uyguner CS Hellriegel C Otto W Larive CK 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2004,378(6):1579-1586
Humic substances are precursors of carcinogenic trihalomethanes (THMs) formed during disinfection by chlorination in water treatment processes. In an effort to understand the relationship between trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) and physicochemical properties of humic substances, UV-visible absorbance, fluorescence in emission and synchronous scan modes, and NMR spectra were measured for several aquatic fulvic and humic acids. For comparison, a soil fulvic acid was also examined using these methods. The feasibility of the gradient modified spin-echo (GOSE) NMR experiment to selectively measure singlet resonances arising from isolated protons was examined. In addition, diffusion coefficients were measured for DMSO solutions of the fulvic acids using BPPLED and GOSE-edited pulse sequences. Although none of the methods tested produced results that correlated with THMFP, the GOSE intensities determined for different regions of the NMR spectra did reflect the relative abundance of different types of functional groups produced by lignin oxidation. In addition, the GOSE-edited diffusion results suggest that the isolated protons, those most reactive to chlorination, are more likely contained in the larger molecular weight fractions of fulvic acids. 相似文献
5.
6.
Xanthophyll astaxanthin, which is commonly used in aquaculture, is one of the most expensive and important industrial pigments. It is responsible for the pink and red color of salmonid meat and shrimp. Due to having the strongest anti-oxidative properties among carotenoids and other health benefits, natural astaxanthin is used in nutraceuticals and cosmetics, and in some countries, occasionally, to fortify foods and beverages. Its use in food technology is limited due to the unknown effects of long-term consumption of synthetic astaxanthin on human health as well as few sources and the high cost of natural astaxanthin. The article characterizes the structure, health-promoting properties, commercial sources and industrial use of astaxanthin. It presents the possibilities and limitations of the use of astaxanthin in food technology, considering its costs and food safety. It also presents the possibilities of stabilizing astaxanthin and improving its bioavailability by means of micro- and nanoencapsulation. 相似文献
7.
Martínez-Huitle CA Brillas E 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2008,47(11):1998-2005
Chlorination is the most common method worldwide for the disinfection of drinking water. However, the identification of potentially toxic products from this method has encouraged the development of alternative disinfection technologies. Among them, electrochemical disinfection has emerged as one of the more feasible alternatives to chlorination. This article reviews electrochemical systems that can contribute to drinking water disinfection and underscores the efficiency of recently developed diamond films in chlorine-free electrochemical systems. 相似文献
8.
气相色谱-质谱法检测饮用水新生含氮消毒副产物氯代乙酰胺 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法检测饮用水中新生致突变含氮消毒副产物(N-DBPs)二乙酰胺(DCAcAm)和三乙酰胺(TCAcAm)的分析方法.考察了GC/MS和GC/ECD两种检测仪器及不同样品前处理技术对氯代乙酰胺(CAcAms)的检测效果.对比发现,酸催化水解+GC/ECD的分析方法容易受其它消毒副产物(DBPs)的影响,直接液液萃取(LLE)+GC/MS更适合CAcAms的分析;乙酸乙酯(ETAC)的萃取效果优于DBPs分析常用萃取剂甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE).在选定条件下,DAcAm和TAcAm在10~1000 μg/L的范围内线性关系良好,r>0.9995; 方法回收率在82.0%~111.9%之间;RSD小于10%;检出限(MDL)和测定限(RQL)均低于1 μg/L. 相似文献
9.
D. Gozzi R. Caputo P. Luigi Cignini M. Tomellini G. Gigli G. Balducci E. Cisbani S. Frullani F. Garibaldi M. Jodice G. Maria Urciuoli 《Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry》1995,380(1-2)
We present the results of a new experiment with our multicell set-up implemented with mass spectrometric measurements of4He and a highly improved neutron detector. The excess heat measured is comparable with the results of other laboratories, but no neutrons were found and the tritium excess was lower than expected from the power excess. 4He has been measured in the electrolysis gases and a tentative correlation of 4He with excess power is presented and discussed. 相似文献
10.
Dr. Jinpeng Liu Dr. Nali Zhu Dr. Haiming Xu Jinwu Bai Dr. Chaofeng Shao Prof. Meiting Ju Prof. Qilin Yu Prof. Lu Liu 《ChemistryOpen》2019,8(10):1309-1315
Bismuth oxybromide (BiOBr) nanosheets are exciting photocatalysts for microbial disinfection and organic dye degradation. However, it remains a great challenge to easily recycle these nanomaterials and improve their photocatalytic ability. Herein, we constructed a novel photocatalytic BiOBr@PAG gel containing BiOBr nanosheets and polyacrylamide gel (PAG), based on peroxydisulfate-induced polymerization reaction. The photocatalytic gel had equally distribution of BiOBr nanosheets on the surface, and could be easily recycled from water. More strikingly, the gel could also rapidly kill all tested pathogenic bacteria (i. e., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus) under irradiation. Its disinfection activity is attributed to remarkable intracellular ROS production and oxidative cell damage. Furthermore, the gel had higher photocatalytic activity than BiOBr nanosheets alone during degradation of organic dyes. This study developed a novel strategy for preparation of easy-recycling and high-efficiency photocatalytic systems for practical application in environmental treatment and medicinal disinfection. 相似文献