基于投入产出模型的高技术制造业产业链区域间协同研究——以鄂湘赣新一代信息技术产业协同为视角

为研究新一代信息技术产业在鄂湘赣的产业链协同发展,本文运用里昂惕夫投入产出模型,首先对新一代信息技术产业的后向(前向)直接、间接关联产业部门分别进行定量化分析,构建新一代信息技术产业的产业链,并得出新一代信息技术产业链的主要关联部门。通过计算Ghosh逆矩阵和Leontief逆矩阵的平均值矩阵F,测度鄂湘赣地区产业链主要关联部门间的成本推动效应和需求拉动效应。基于此,运用平均波及步数法测度鄂湘赣3省之间新一代信息技术产业链的关联程度,最终得出鄂湘赣3省新一代信息技术产业基于产业链进行协同发展的对策建议。     

芬太尼类新精神活性物质检测技术研究进展

毒品滥用是全球性问题,对人们的身心健康、经济发展和社会进步造成巨大危害。毒品稽查是保障公共安全和社会秩序的重要手段,而科学精准的检测技术为开展毒品稽查工作提供了有力支撑。近年来,芬太尼类新精神活性物质迅速蔓延,其具有更强的兴奋、致幻、麻醉等效果,已成为继传统毒品、合成毒品后全球流行的第三代毒品,并在一些国家流行、滥用,已造成大量人员死亡,引发严重社会问题。对此,各国政府密切关注并制定了相应法律法规进行管控,科研人员也开发了一系列检测技术。该文重点论述了芬太尼类新精神活性物质的传统实验室检测技术和现场快速检测技术的研究进展,并对这些技术的发展趋势和应用前景进行了展望,以期为相关领域研究人员提供技术参考。     

Signal enhancement in desorption nanoelectrospray ionization by custom‐made inlet with pressure regulation

The efficiency of desorption/ionization becomes more critical as the sampled surface area decreases. Desorption electrospray and desorption nanoelectrospray belong to ambient ionizations and enable direct surface analysis including mass spectrometric imaging. Lateral resolution in tens of micrometers was demonstrated for desorption nanoelectrospray previously, but sensitivity of the surface scan can be an issue. For desorption electrospray, the drag force in the source is driven by the flow of used gases and vacuum suction. Ion signal intensity can be improved by controlling the nebulizing gas flow rate or auxiliary pumping of a closed compartment in front of the mass spectrometer inlet. Because nanoelectrospray generates charged droplets without the assistance of a nebulizing gas, only vacuum suction drives the gas flow. In this study, the effect of pressure drop between the atmospheric and evacuated region of a mass spectrometer on the ion signal intensity was investigated for desorption nanoelectrospray. A modification of the commercial inlet was designed. An auxiliary pump was directly connected to an inner compartment of the modified mass spectrometer inlet through a needle valve that enabled the regulation of the reduced pressure. Adjustment of the pressure drop significantly increased signal intensity (more than one order of magnitude in some cases). To a lesser extent, the temperature of a heated capillary (an integral part of the inlet) also influenced the signal intensity. The applicability of desorption nanoelectrospray equipped with pressure regulation was demonstrated by the analysis of synthetic cathinones or a pill of paracetamol. Because pressure in the inlet depends on the diameters of orifices and the power of vacuum systems of mass spectrometers, the effect of the pressure regulation can be different for different instruments. Nevertheless, the presented results confirmed the importance of pressure drop‐driven transport for desorption nanoelectrospray efficiency and can encourage its new applications.     

羰基化合物在新型绿色能源有机钠离子电池中的应用

有机钠离子电池是一种以有机物作为电极材料的新型二次电池。但有机物作为钠离子电池电极材料仍存在较低的氧化还原电位、高的溶解性和低的导电性等问题。解决这些问题通常采用引入吸电子基团来提高氧化还原电位,形成聚合物来降低溶解性和引入导电基底增加导电性等方法。着重关注羰基化合物作为钠离子电池电极材料,分别介绍羰基化合物/聚合物及其与导电基底形成的复合物和柔性电极在钠离子电池中的应用。     

Minor compounds of the high purity salvianolic acid B freeze-dried powder from Salvia miltiorrhiza and antibacterial activity assessment

The study explored the isolation and characterisation of three compounds of high purity salvianolic acid B freeze-dried powder extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. A new salvianolic acid, salvianolic acid V (2) together with two known compounds (3–4) was identified. The antibacterial activity tests showed that compound 2 combined with clinical antibiotics such as Levofloxacin or Colistin sulphate together exhibited potent effects against MRSA or Acinetobacter baumanii. This report has considerably extended our knowledge about the diversity and bioactivity of caffeic acid derivatives from S. miltiorrhiza.     

Separation of isomers of new psychoactive substances and isotope-labeled amphetamines using UHPSFC-MS/MS and UHPLC-MS/MS

The use of sub-2?µm particles columns is finding its use in ultrahigh-pressure supercritical fluid chromatography (UHPSFC), opening up for fast analysis and high-resolution separations. The development of new and more robust systems also makes the technique more interesting for bioanalytical analysis, where the need for reproducible and fast analysis with little downtime is great. One area where the use of UHPSFC could become a useful tool is in the separation of structural isomers of new psychoactive substances (NPS). 2-, 3-, and 4- structural isomers of fluoroamphetamine, fluoromethamphetamine, and methylmethcathinone, isomeric pairs of the synthetic cannabinoids UR-144/UR-144 degradant, XLR-11/XLR-11 degradant, JWH-015/JWH-073, and JWH-019/JWH-122, as well as amphetamine and several stable isotope-labeled amphetamine internal standards were separated with UHPSFC-MS/MS and compared with ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) MS/MS. NPS isomers that were difficult to separate with reversed-phase UHPLC-MS/MS were separated by UHPSFC; in most cases with an orthogonal retention order to UHPLC. In contrast to the behavior seen when using reversed-phase UHPLC, the deuterated amphetamines eluted later than amphetamine with UHPSFC. ¹³C₆-labeled amphetamine coeluted with amphetamine for all conditions, making this the best choice of an internal standard.     

新产品供应链下考虑顾客体验效应的制造商渠道返利策略研究

随着体验经济的到来和新产品市场的竞争, 如何针对顾客体验进行渠道建设和品牌推广就显得尤为重要。本文针对新产品供应链的环境, 考虑顾客的体验效应及零售商对此所做的体验投入, 利用效用理论构建了线上和线下消费者的需求函数, 在此基础上分别探讨了批发价格模式和渠道返利模式制造商占优的供应链的决策行为, 分析了供应链各决策主体均衡解的特征, 并对渠道返利前后供应链节点企业的最优决策进行了比较, 最后用数值例子分析了制造商的返利点、零售商的体验投入水平、顾客的体验效应、旅行成本以及购买意愿等对供应链最优绩效的影响。     

New Materials for Solid‐Phase Extraction of Trace Elements

Abstract

The development of new sorbents and their application in preconcentration methods for determination of trace elements is a subject of great interest. This review summarizes and discusses several analytical methods involving the preparation and use of new solid‐phase materials. The performance and general properties of sorbents such as carbon nanotubes, imprinted ions, biosorbents, nanoparticles, and fullerene are discussed in detail. The perspective and future trends in the use of these materials are also considered.     

闽南-台湾浅滩野生真鲷寄生的分室科中柄虫属一新种(吸虫纲:单殖吸虫目)

报道了闽南-台湾浅滩野生鱼类真鲷(Pagrosomus major)鳃丝上寄生的分室科中柄虫属一新种--厦门中柄虫Encotyllabe xiamenensis sp.nov.,虫体在体型、体长宽比、大钩和小钩长度比值、小钩的形状、卵黄腺的分布以及卵巢的位置等特征与现有种类存在一定差异,且在卵巢左侧具有发达的肌肉束.     

Advertising for a new product introduction: A stochastic approach

We formulate a stochastic extension of the Nerlove and Arrow’s advertising model in order to analyze the problem of a new product introduction. The main idea is to introduce some uncertainty aspects in connection both with the advertising action and the goodwill decay, in order to represent the random consequences of the advertising messages and of the word-of-mouth publicity, respectively. The model is stated in terms of the stochastic optimal control theory and a general study is attempted using the stochastic Maximum Principle. Closed form solutions are obtained under linear quadratic assumptions for the cost and the reward functions. Such optimal policies suggest that the decision-maker considers both the above mentioned phenomena as opportunities to increase her/his final reward. After stating some general features of the optimal solutions, we analyze in detail three extreme cases, namely the deterministic model and the stochastic models with either the word-of-mouth effect only, or the lure/repulsion effect only. The optimal policies provide us with some insight on the general effects of the advertising action. Supported by MIUR and University of Padua.