多孔石墨烯材料

多孔石墨烯是指在二维基面上具有纳米级孔隙的碳材料,是近年来石墨烯缺陷功能化的研究热点。多孔石墨烯不仅保留了石墨烯优良的性质,而且相比惰性的石墨烯表面,孔的存在促进了物质运输效率的提高,特别是原子级别的孔可以起到筛分不同尺寸的离子、分子的作用。更重要的是,孔的引入还有效地打开了石墨烯的能带隙,促进了石墨烯在电子器件领域的应用。本文阐述了多孔石墨烯的一些基本性质和特性,并对其理论研究、制备方法和应用的研究进展进行了评述。其中,多孔石墨烯的制备方法主要包括光刻法、催化刻蚀法、化学气相沉积法、湿法刻蚀、碳热还原法、溶剂热法和自由基攻击法。多孔石墨烯优异的特性使其在能源储存与转换材料(锂离子电池、超级电容器、燃料电池等)、DNA分子检测、化学传感器、场效应晶体管、分子筛和海水淡化等领域具有非常广阔的应用前景。     

中国高校化学化工专业无机化学教材建设历史回顾与展望

20世纪50年代以前,中国高校无机化学教科书主要采用译著或国外原版教材。在20世纪60年代,我国无机化学教材建设工作进入了一个短暂繁荣期。现在高校广泛使用的无机化学教材源于我国在1977-1990年间编写的4部教材。2000年之后,虽然无机化学教材品种数明显增多,但精品较少。未来的无机化学教材编写应当考虑基础无机化学与中级无机化学内容的分工与衔接,以及加强教材与信息技术的融合。     

选择与评价新产品开发的风险决策研究

本文针对企业投资决策者在新产品开发中的风险决策,基于贝叶斯决策理论及其相关研究建立了评估外部情报信息价值的数学模型,探讨投资决策者风险倾向、新产品开发风险投资未来市场需求以及情报费用对投资决策的影响机制,并用于评估新产品开发决策。研究结果有助于理解企业决策者进行新产品开发决策时应考虑的因素和情境,并能够辅助决策。最后,将这一数学模型应用到一家大型高科技企业的案例中。应用案例分析结果表明:本文的研究结论能够为企业开发新产品提供相关的决策依据。     

LED灯具在线老化测试新方法研究

为解决LED灯具寿命老化测试普遍存在的操作流程复杂、自动化程度低、老化过程监测不连续而难以精确获得失效节点等问题,提出一种在线自动老化测试新方法,开发LED照明灯具自动化在线老化测试系统,全程由中心计算机程控并脱离人为操作,实时连续监测LED灯具老化过程中的光衰、电参数等指标,实现LED照明灯具的自动化在线寿命老化测试。     

New physics searches with Higgs-photon associated production at the Higgs factory

A future Higgs factory is being designed for precise measurement of Higgs characteristics and to search for new physics. In this paper we propose that the Higgs-photon associated production process, e+e-→γh could be a useful channel for new physics. We express new physics model-independently in the effective Lagrangian approach,and find that the new physics effects of γh have only two degrees of freedom, much fewer than the Higgsstrahlung process. This point could be used to reduce the degeneracies of Wilson coefficients. We also calculate for the first time the 95% confidence level(CL) bounds of γh at the Higgs factory, and prove that γh is more sensitive to some dimension-6 operators than the current experimental data. In the optimistic scenario new physics effects may be observed at the CEPC or FCC-ee after the first couple of years of their run.     

西藏兰科植物2新记录属

报道了西藏兰科植物的2个新记录属-美冠兰属（Eulophia R.Br.ex Lindl.）和铠兰属（Corybas Salisb.）,以及2个新记录种-无叶美冠兰（Eulophia zollingeri（Rchb.f.）J.J.Smith）和大理铠兰（Corybas taliensis T.Tang et F.T.Wang）.凭证标本保存于西藏大学农牧学院-西南大学药用植物联合研发中心药用植物标本室（TAAHC-SWU）.这2个种的分布生境与记载基本相同,而居群分布海拔则高出约500~700 m;此外,西藏采集的无叶美冠兰的花期比植物志记载的花期晚;大理铠兰花期比植物志记载的明显要早,反映了这2种植物具有更强的生态适应性和更宽的分布生态幅.美冠兰属和铠兰属植物在西藏境内的首次发现,进一步完善了兰科植物的地理分布信息和兰科系统演化的资料,丰富了西藏兰科植物属种的多样性组成.     

酰胺电子等排体在先导化合物优化中的应用

生物电子等排体是指一类化合物或基团,这类物质拥有近似的分子形状和体积,类似的电子分布,并由此表现出相似的物理特性。作为激动剂或拮抗剂生物电子等排体能对相同的生化相关体系发挥作用,产生彼此互相相关的生物特性。药物结构中酰胺结构作为药效团和药物的重要组成部分被广泛应用。然而作为药物分子结构的重要组成部分,酰胺结构也存在着一些明显的缺点,包括代谢不稳定、代谢产物有毒和膜渗透性差等。为了克服这些缺点同时又想保持部分酰胺的特性,生物电子等排体替换是有效的方法之一。在先导化合物的优化过程中,通过酰胺生物电子等排体替换还能达到提高生物活性和靶点选择性、降低合成难度、扩展或突破知识产权限制等目的。本综述着重介绍了近五年来酰胺及其生物电子等排体在先导化合物优化过程中的应用。希望能对含有酰胺结构的先导化合物的优化提供新的思路,加速新药研发进程。     

New ternary superconducting compound La Ru_2As_2:Physical properties from density functional theory calculations

In this paper, we perform the density functional theory(DFT)-based calculations by the first-principles pseudopotential method to investigate the physical properties of the newly discovered superconductor LaRu_2As_2 for the first time.The optimized structural parameters are in good agreement with the experimental results. The calculated independent elastic constants ensure the mechanical stability of the compound. The calculated Cauchy pressure, Pugh's ratio as well as Poisson's ratio indicate that LaRu_2As_2 should behave as a ductile material. Due to low Debye temperature, LaRu_2As_2 may be used as a thermal barrier coating(TBC) material. The new compound should exhibit metallic nature as its valence bands overlap considerably with the conduction bands. LaRu_2As_2 is expected to be a soft material and easily machinable because of its low hardness value of 6.8 GPa. The multi-band nature is observed in the calculated Fermi surface. A highly anisotropic combination of ionic, covalent and metallic interactions is expected to be in accordance with charge density calculation.     

Fluorescent Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots for Label Live Elder Blood-Stage Plasmodium falciparum through New Permeability Pathways

To verify the size and emergence time of new permeability pathways (NPPs) in malaria parasites, the permeability of the Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes was tested with different particle sizes of nanomaterials by flow cytometry assay. The results confirmed the permeability of the host cell membrane increases with parasite maturation for the stage-development evolution of NPPs, and especially found that a particle size of about 50 nm had higher efficiency. As a kind of the novel nanomaterials, nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) showed no toxicity, specificity binding ability to the malaria parasites, and could label live elder blood-stage P. falciparum through NPPs, indicating the potential application in cell imaging. NPPs and some nanomaterials such as NCDs deserve more attention and exploration for the elimination and prevention of malaria.     

浙江大戟科植物新资料

报道了在浙江大戟科Euphorbiaceae植物分类研究中的新发现：（1）经考证,文献记载浙江产的倒卵叶算盘子Glochidion obovatum Siebold et Zucc.系台闽算盘子G.rubrum Blume的误定;通奶草Euphorbia indica Lam.系细齿大戟E.bifida Hook. & Arn.的误定;小叶地锦E.heyneana Spreng.系小叶大戟E.makinoi Hayata的误定;毛果算盘子G.eriocarpum Champ.ex Benth.和革叶算盘子G.daltonii (Müll.Arg.) Kurz.在浙江无自然分布。（2）赞同将黄算珠树G.fortunei Hance作为台闽算盘子G.rubrum Blume的异名;考证了卵叶石岩枫Mallotus repandus (Willd.) Müll. Arg.var.scabrifolius (A.Juss.) Müll.Arg.、白背叶Mallotus apelta (Lour.) Müll.Arg.和野桐M.tenuifolius Pax.的学名,将黄背野桐M.tenuifolius Pax var.subjaponicus Croizat作为日本野桐M.japonicus (L.f.) Müll.Arg.的新异名。（3）毛枝叶下珠Phyllanthus glaucus Wall.ex Müll.Arg.var.trichocladus P.L.Chiu ex Z.H.Chen为新变种;苦味叶下珠Phyllanthus amarus Shumach.et Thonn.、药用黑面神Breynia officinalis Hemsl.为浙江分布新记录种。