全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1833篇 |
免费 | 275篇 |
国内免费 | 324篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1744篇 |
晶体学 | 34篇 |
力学 | 5篇 |
综合类 | 20篇 |
数学 | 1篇 |
物理学 | 628篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 7篇 |
2023年 | 35篇 |
2022年 | 131篇 |
2021年 | 90篇 |
2020年 | 121篇 |
2019年 | 92篇 |
2018年 | 97篇 |
2017年 | 94篇 |
2016年 | 88篇 |
2015年 | 71篇 |
2014年 | 100篇 |
2013年 | 170篇 |
2012年 | 130篇 |
2011年 | 119篇 |
2010年 | 70篇 |
2009年 | 84篇 |
2008年 | 84篇 |
2007年 | 96篇 |
2006年 | 58篇 |
2005年 | 61篇 |
2004年 | 54篇 |
2003年 | 65篇 |
2002年 | 53篇 |
2001年 | 58篇 |
2000年 | 57篇 |
1999年 | 53篇 |
1998年 | 41篇 |
1997年 | 34篇 |
1996年 | 29篇 |
1995年 | 34篇 |
1994年 | 32篇 |
1993年 | 23篇 |
1992年 | 22篇 |
1991年 | 16篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 13篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2432条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
21.
《Arabian Journal of Chemistry》2020,13(12):8848-8887
Phthalocyanine (Pc) complexes are an important class of dyes with numerous (e.g., biological, photophysical, and analytical) applications. Among the methods used to improve the properties of these complexes, one should mention the introduction of different substituents, variation of the central metal ion, ligand exchange, and conjugation to nanomaterials (e.g., carbon-based nanomaterials and metal nanoparticles (NPs)). This work briefly reviews Pc complex conjugation to Ag and Au NPs, highlights the different NP shapes, and discusses the diversity of conjugation approaches. Moreover, the use of UV–Vis spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, dynamic light scattering and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to characterize Pc-NP hybrids is summarized. The effect of conjugation on Pc photo-physicochemical properties (fluorescence, singlet oxygen generation, triplet state formation, and optical limiting behavior) is discussed, and future perspectives for the synthesis and applications of new hybrids are provided. 相似文献
22.
Photovoltaic and spectral properties of tetraphenyloporphyrin and metallotetraphenyloporphyrin dyes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Spectroscopical properties and photocurrent (or photovoltage) of tetraphenyloporphyrins and metallotetraphenyloporphyrins in nematic liquid crystal have been studied. Photoelectric response has been measured in an electrochemical cell made of the semitransparent semiconducting and golden electrodes with porphyrin dyes embedded in liquid crystal. Fluorescence, time-resolved luminescence in microsecond time scale and photoacoustic spectra have also been measured. The competition between radiative, non-radiative processes and charge transfer is discussed. It has been shown that effectivity of porphyrins for photocurrent generation depends on the presence/absence of central metal in the macrocycle of porphyrin skeleton and the kind of metal. The schematic model of the contributions of the dye molecule and semiconducting electrode in the electron transfer process is shown. 相似文献
23.
Three acyclic polythioethers containing 2-thienyl units at both ends were synthesized and the effect of substituent on the extraction of copper(II) was studied. The methyl groups in the terminal thiophene ring have imparted an appreciable degree of increase in the percent extraction of copper(II), while the introduction of chlorine atoms into the 2-thienyl unit resulted in the reverse effect. Among the counter dye anions examined, tetrabromophenolphthalein ethylester was the best one for copper(II) extraction. The composition of extracted species was evaluated to be 122 (Cu(II)/polythioether/dye anion). Quantitative extraction of copper(I) was attained as complexes with various triphenylmethane dyes, i.e., bromocresol green, bromothymol blue, bromo-phenol blue and pyrogallol red. Copper(I) in organic phase was completely back-extracted with 2 mole/l sulfuric acid containing 10% hydrogen peroxide. 相似文献
24.
We report on the exciton dynamics in the J-aggregating dye 5,5, 6,6-tetrachloro-1,1-diethyl-3,3-di(4-sulfobutyl)-benzimidazolocarbocyanine which is known readily to form J-aggregates, even at room temperature and at a low concentration. We performed a series of time-correlated singlephoton-counting experiments at different emission wavelengths and at different temperatures in the range between 1.5 and 125 K. Additionally, the temperature dependence of the relative fluorescence quantum yield was determined. 相似文献
25.
26.
含吲哚核端基多甲川菁染料的合成及性能 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
我们曾合成了具有桥环的硫三碳菁及多甲川苯乙烯菁,并测定了光学性能。本文报道吲哚环为端基的桥链三碳菁和四甲川苯乙烯菁的合成及在有机溶剂中电子吸收光谱及溶解性能的测定。所用仪器同前,7种多甲川菁染料的合成反应如下: 相似文献
27.
研究了4个偶氮染料在酸性介质中的电还原性质。偶氮基在酸性介质中的还原均为不可逆四电子一步全还原。邻、对位上有吸电子基(如—CO_2Bu-n)的偶氮基较间位有吸电子基时更易被还原。分子中同时含有偶氮基和硝基时,偶氮基先被还原。 相似文献
28.
This work describes a hybrid procedure for eliminating major interference sources in aqueous near-infrared (NIR) spectra, that include aqueous influence, noise, and systemic variations irrelevant to concentration. The scheme consists of two parts: extension of wavelet prism (WPe) and orthogonal signal correction (OSC). First, WPe is employed to remove variations due to aqueous absorbance and noise; then OSC is applied to remove systemic spectral variations irrelevant to concentration. Although water possesses strong absorption bands that overshadow and overlap the absorption bands of analytes, along with noise and systematic interference, successful calibration models can be generated by employing the method proposed here. We show that the elimination of major interference sources from the aqueous NIR spectra results in a substantial improvement in the precision of prediction, and reduces the required number of PLS components in the model. In addition, the strategy proposed here can be applied to various analytical data for quantitative purposes as well. 相似文献
29.
P. Ramachandra T. Siva Rama Krishna Gautam R. Desiraju 《Journal of Chemical Sciences》1989,101(4):327-334
The compound 3-hydroxy-6-(4′-nitro)phenylazopyridine (1) was observed to incorporate several organic solvents of crystallisation, forming stable clathrates. These clathrates decompose
upon heating and the host material is chemically transformed. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies on the ethanol clathrate
lead to a reasonable model for the host structure. But the guest molecules are severely disordered. Alternatively, the compound
forms twinned crystals. The chemically closely related compound2 does not form clathrates. 相似文献
30.